I'm trying to describe the ARPing process. It something I've always taken
for granted, but now I'm trying to actually write it down. Let me know your
thoughts...
When a workstation attempts to communicate with an IP address it follows
this process:
IP devices maintain an ARP cache that store any recently acquired IP-to-MAC
address combinations. If the appropriate address is there, communication is
established.
If the IP address is not in the local ARP table, the source host will send
an ARP request packet containing the Network-layer address, seeking to be
resolve it to a MAC-layer address for the desired destination.
All hosts on the network receive this request, but only the host with the
specified network address will respond. If present and functioning, the
host with the specified address responds with an ARP Reply packet containing
its MAC-layer address. The originating device receives the ARP Reply
packet, stores the MAC/IP address combination its ARP cache for future use,
and begins exchanging packets with the host.
If the host is not on the local network, the router on the local network
will look up the network address in its route table and if it finds a match,
it will return the MAC address of its local interface to the ARP-ing source
station.
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