Andrew's very high-pitched etc seems to be modelled on the Virchi in Vienna. There is something strange about the neck; perhaps it is intended for an ambidextrous player?
I know of very little from Spain. One painting is Zurbaran's Temptation of St Jerome, (extreme right, behind the harpist). Pablo Minguet e Yrol (published when? - I have Minkoff's reprint of the 1754 edition) has a description of the cittern with whole frets (some have a fret or parts of frets missing, these are defective). It is tuned e', d', a, b, actual pitch indeterminate, and the first two courses are white, of steel? (iron? silver?) and the thirds and fourths golden (presumably brass). Played rasguedo, like a guitar, with a plectrum. The accompanying diagram of the fretboard shows note names including enharmonics (so perhaps ostensibly equal-temperament?) up to the 18th. Missing and partial frets are shown dotted. The 6th, 8th and 11th frets are shown peculiarly and perhaps mistakenly as absent on the treble, not the bass side. There is also, and perhaps most importantly for musicians in search of repertoire, a chord table giving correspondences with guitar alfabeto. Peter To get on or off this list see list information at http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~wbc/lute-admin/index.html
