[CITTERN] Re: Origin of the Portuguese guitarra

[James A Stimson]

Dear All:
 There is, I believe, a commonly held theory that the cittern evolved from
the citole.
 And speaking of cultural imperialism, both George Washington and Thomas
Jefferson owned English guitars. Washington's is at his home in Mount
Vernon, Virginia, and Jefferson's is part of the Smithsonian's vast
collection.
Cheers,
Jim



                                                                                
                                                       
                      "Roger E.                                                 
                                                       
                      Blumberg"                To:       Stuart Walsh <[EMAIL 
PROTECTED]>, <cittern@cs.dartmouth.edu>               
                      <[EMAIL PROTECTED]        cc:                             
                                                        
                      t>                       Subject:  [CITTERN] Re: Origin 
of the Portuguese guitarra                               
                                                                                
                                                       
                      10/23/2006 07:47                                          
                                                       
                      PM                                                        
                                                       
                                                                                
                                                       
                                                                                
                                                       




> From: Stuart Walsh <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Date: Mon, 23 Oct 2006 22:54:29 +0200
> To: ron fernandez <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, cittern@cs.dartmouth.edu
> Subject: [CITTERN] Re: Origin of the Portuguese guitarra
>
> (the citola is isn't meant meant to predate the Renaissance cittern is
it?)


The "citole" does predate the cittern.
Here's a medieval Portuguese citole (or what most people would call a
citole
these days in any even). I'd imagine it's late 13th to mid 14th cent.
I don't think anyone knows for sure if they were wire or gut strung.
http://www.TheCipher.com/Portuguese_medieval_citole.jpg

There's a similar instrument in the Cantigas de Santa Maria (c.1265,
Spain),
5 string  http://www.TheCipher.com/cantigas-guitar-detail-5str_det.jpg


Roger



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