Looks pretty solid.  Just a few in-line comments/fixes

Diff comments:

> diff --git a/tests/cloud_tests/instances/kvm.py 
> b/tests/cloud_tests/instances/kvm.py
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..c855e07
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/cloud_tests/instances/kvm.py
> @@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
> +# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
> +
> +"""Base KVM instance."""
> +import os
> +import paramiko
> +import shlex
> +import socket
> +import subprocess
> +import time
> +
> +from cloudinit import util as c_util
> +from tests.cloud_tests.instances import base
> +from tests.cloud_tests import util
> +
> +
> +class KVMInstance(base.Instance):
> +    """KVM backed instance."""
> +
> +    platform_name = "kvm"
> +
> +    def __init__(self, platform, name, properties, config, features,
> +                 user_data, meta_data):
> +        """Set up instance.
> +
> +        @param platform: platform object
> +        @param name: image path
> +        @param properties: image properties
> +        @param config: image config
> +        @param features: supported feature flags
> +        """
> +        self.user_data = user_data
> +        self.meta_data = meta_data
> +        self.ssh_key_file = os.path.join(platform.config['data_dir'],
> +                                         platform.config['private_key'])
> +        self.ssh_port = None
> +        self.pid = None
> +        self.pid_file = None
> +
> +        super(KVMInstance, self).__init__(
> +            platform, name, properties, config, features)
> +
> +    def destroy(self):
> +        """Clean up instance."""
> +        if self.pid:
> +            c_util.subp(['kill', '-9', self.pid])
> +            os.remove(self.pid_file)
> +        super(KVMInstance, self).destroy()
> +
> +    def execute(self, command, stdout=None, stderr=None, env={},
> +                rcs=None, description=None):
> +        """Execute command in instance.
> +
> +        Assumes functional networking and execution as root with the
> +        target filesystem being available at /.
> +
> +        @param command: the command to execute as root inside the image
> +        @param stdout, stderr: file handles to write output and error to
> +        @param env: environment variables
> +        @param rcs: allowed return codes from command
> +        @param description: purpose of command
> +        @return_value: tuple containing stdout data, stderr data, exit code
> +        """
> +        if self.pid:
> +            out, err, exit = self.ssh(command)
> +        else:
> +            out, err, exit = self.mount_image_callback(command)
> +
> +        # write data to file descriptors if needed
> +        if stdout:
> +            stdout.write(out.readlines())
> +        if stderr:
> +            stderr.write(err.readlines())
> +
> +        # if the command exited with a code not allowed in rcs, then fail
> +        if exit not in (rcs if rcs else (0,)):
> +            error_desc = ('Failed command to: {}'.format(description)
> +                          if description else None)
> +            raise util.InTargetExecuteError(
> +                out, err, exit, command, self.name, error_desc)
> +
> +        return (out, err, exit)
> +
> +    def mount_image_callback(self, command,):
> +        """Run mount-image-callback."""
> +        img_shell = subprocess.Popen(['sudo', 'mount-image-callback',
> +                                      '--system-mounts', 
> '--system-resolvconf',
> +                                      self.name, 'chroot', '_MOUNTPOINT_',
> +                                      '/bin/sh'],
> +                                     stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
> +                                     stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
> +                                     stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
> +        out, err = img_shell.communicate(command.encode())
> +        exit = img_shell.returncode
> +        img_shell.stdin.close()
> +        img_shell.wait()
> +
> +        return out, err, exit
> +
> +    def generate_seed(self, tmpdir):
> +        """Generate nocloud seed from user-data"""
> +        seed_file = os.path.join(tmpdir, 'seed.img')
> +        user_data_file = os.path.join(tmpdir, 'user_data')
> +
> +        if os.path.exists(seed_file):
> +            os.remove(seed_file)
> +        if os.path.exists(user_data_file):
> +            os.remove(user_data_file)
> +
> +        with open(user_data_file, "w") as ud_file:
> +            ud_file.write(self.user_data)
> +
> +        c_util.subp(['cloud-localds', seed_file, user_data_file])
> +
> +        return seed_file
> +
> +    def get_free_port(self):
> +        """Get a free port assigned by the kernel."""
> +        s = socket.socket()
> +        s.bind(('', 0))
> +        num = s.getsockname()[1]
> +        s.close()
> +        return num
> +
> +    def push_file(self, local_path, remote_path, description=''):
> +        """Copy file at 'local_path' to instance at 'remote_path'.
> +
> +        If we have a pid then SSH is up, otherwise, use
> +        mount-image-callback.
> +
> +        @param local_path: path on local instance
> +        @param remote_path: path on remote instance
> +        """
> +        if self.pid:
> +            super(KVMInstance, self).push_file()
> +        else:
> +            command = ('sudo mount-image-callback --system-mounts '
> +                       '--system-resolvconf %s -- chroot _MOUNTPOINT_ '
> +                       '/bin/sh -ec "cat > %s" < %s'
> +                       % (self.name, remote_path, local_path))
> +            img_shell = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True,
> +                                         stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
> +                                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
> +                                         stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
> +            out, err = img_shell.communicate()
> +            img_shell.stdin.close()
> +            img_shell.wait()
> +
> +    def sftp_put(self, path, data):
> +        """SFTP put a file."""
> +        client = self._ssh_connect()
> +        sftp = client.open_sftp()
> +
> +        with sftp.open(path, 'w') as f:
> +            f.write(data)
> +
> +        client.close()
> +
> +    def ssh(self, command):
> +        """Run a command via SSH."""
> +        client = self._ssh_connect()
> +        _, out, err = client.exec_command(command)
> +        exit = out.channel.recv_exit_status()
> +        out = ''.join(out.readlines())
> +        err = ''.join(err.readlines())
> +        client.close()
> +
> +        return out, err, exit
> +
> +    def _ssh_connect(self, hostname='localhost', username='ubuntu',
> +                     banner_timeout=120, retry_attempts=30):
> +        """Connect via SSH."""
> +        private_key = 
> paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(self.ssh_key_file)
> +        client = paramiko.SSHClient()
> +        client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
> +        while retry_attempts:
> +            try:
> +                client.connect(hostname=hostname, username=username,
> +                               port=self.ssh_port, pkey=private_key,
> +                               banner_timeout=banner_timeout)
> +                break
> +            except paramiko.SSHException:
> +                time.sleep(1)
> +                retry_attempts = retry_attempts - 1
> +
> +        return client
> +
> +    def start(self, wait=True, wait_for_cloud_init=False):
> +        """Start instance."""
> +        tmpdir = self.platform.config['data_dir']
> +        seed = self.generate_seed(tmpdir)
> +        self.pid_file = os.path.join(tmpdir, 'pid')
> +        self.ssh_port = self.get_free_port()
> +
> +        cmd = ('qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -m 1024 '

I think you already collected host arch, we could use that to expand the 
qemu-system-${ARCH};  

Also, we may be interested in re-using curtin's tools/xkvm (it handles the arch 
automatically as well as abstracting some of the device naming so this works 
more generically where ever *kvm* can run.

> +               '-pidfile %s -vnc none '
> +               '-drive file=%s,format=qcow2,if=virtio '
> +               '-drive file=%s,format=raw,if=virtio '
> +               '-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net00 '
> +               '-netdev type=user,id=net00,hostfwd=tcp::%s-:22'
> +               % (self.pid_file, self.name, seed, self.ssh_port))
> +
> +        subprocess.Popen(shlex.split(cmd), close_fds=True)
> +        while not os.path.exists(self.pid_file):
> +            time.sleep(1)
> +
> +        with open(self.pid_file, 'r') as pid_f:
> +            self.pid = pid_f.readlines()[0].strip()
> +
> +        time.sleep(10)
> +
> +        if wait:
> +            self._wait_for_system(wait_for_cloud_init)
> +
> +    def write_data(self, remote_path, data):
> +        """Write data to instance filesystem.
> +
> +        @param remote_path: path in instance
> +        @param data: data to write, either str or bytes
> +        """
> +        self.sftp_put(remote_path, data)
> +
> +# vi: ts=4 expandtab
> diff --git a/tests/cloud_tests/platforms/kvm.py 
> b/tests/cloud_tests/platforms/kvm.py
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..83ca4d6
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/cloud_tests/platforms/kvm.py
> @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
> +# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
> +
> +"""Base KVM platform."""
> +import glob
> +import os
> +import shutil
> +
> +from simplestreams import filters
> +from simplestreams import mirrors
> +from simplestreams import objectstores
> +from simplestreams import util as s_util
> +
> +from cloudinit import util as c_util
> +from tests.cloud_tests.images import kvm as kvm_image
> +from tests.cloud_tests.instances import kvm as kvm_instance
> +from tests.cloud_tests.platforms import base
> +from tests.cloud_tests import util
> +
> +
> +class KVMPlatform(base.Platform):
> +    """LXD test platform."""

s/LXD/KVM

> +
> +    platform_name = 'kvm'
> +
> +    def __init__(self, config):
> +        """Set up platform."""
> +        super(KVMPlatform, self).__init__(config)
> +
> +    def get_image(self, img_conf):
> +        """Get image using specified image configuration.
> +
> +        @param img_conf: configuration for image
> +        @return_value: cloud_tests.images instance
> +        """
> +        filter = filters.get_filters(['arch=%s' % c_util.get_architecture(),
> +                                      'release=%s' % img_conf['release'],
> +                                      'ftype=disk1.img'])
> +        mirror_config = {'filters': filter,
> +                         'keep_items': False,
> +                         'max_items': 1,
> +                         'checksumming_reader': True,
> +                         'item_download': True
> +                         }
> +
> +        def policy(content, path):
> +            return s_util.read_signed(content, keyring=img_conf['keyring'])
> +
> +        smirror = mirrors.UrlMirrorReader(img_conf['mirror_url'],
> +                                          policy=policy)
> +        tstore = objectstores.FileStore(img_conf['mirror_dir'])
> +        tmirror = mirrors.ObjectFilterMirror(config=mirror_config,
> +                                             objectstore=tstore)
> +        tmirror.sync(smirror, img_conf['mirror_path'])
> +
> +        search_d = os.path.join(img_conf['mirror_dir'], '**',
> +                                img_conf['release'], '**', '*.img')
> +
> +        images = []
> +        for fname in glob.iglob(search_d, recursive=True):
> +            images.append(fname)
> +
> +        if len(images) != 1:
> +            raise Exception('No unique images found')
> +
> +        image = kvm_image.KVMImage(self, img_conf, images[0])
> +        if img_conf.get('override_templates', False):
> +            image.update_templates(self.config.get('template_overrides', {}),
> +                                   self.config.get('template_files', {}))
> +        return image
> +
> +    def create_image(self, properties, config, features,
> +                     src_img_path, image_desc=None, use_desc=None,
> +                     user_data=None, meta_data=None):
> +        """Create an image
> +
> +        @param src_image_path: image path to launch from
> +        @param properties: image properties
> +        @param config: image configuration
> +        @param features: image features
> +        @param image_desc: description of image being launched
> +        @param use_desc: description of container's use
> +        @return_value: cloud_tests.instances instance
> +        """
> +        name = util.gen_instance_name(image_desc=image_desc, 
> use_desc=use_desc)
> +        img_path = os.path.join(self.config['data_dir'], name + '.qcow2')
> +        shutil.copy2(src_img_path, img_path)
> +
> +        # create copy of the latest image, return that as an instance
> +        return kvm_instance.KVMInstance(self, img_path, properties, config,
> +                                        features, user_data, meta_data)
> +
> +    def destroy(self):
> +        """Clean up platform data."""
> +        super(KVMPlatform, self).destroy()
> +
> +# vi: ts=4 expandtab


-- 
https://code.launchpad.net/~powersj/cloud-init/+git/cloud-init/+merge/327646
Your team cloud-init commiters is requested to review the proposed merge of 
~powersj/cloud-init:cii-kvm into cloud-init:master.

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