On Thu, Dec 2, 2021 at 7:14 PM Huji Lee <[email protected]> wrote:
> I had to read through your email a few times to fully understand it. You 
> provided lots of useful information; thank you!

Yep, things like terminals and shells are more complicated than they look ;)

> I tried changing the code in my .bash_profile to what you suggested; after 
> logging out and logging back in, zsh was my shell in interactive mode. I then 
> submitted a job via jsub and that also seemed to work correctly. In short, it 
> seems like what you suggested takes care of my problem. I will let you know 
> if I find any evidence otherwise.

Sounds good to me

YiFei Zhu

> On Tue, Nov 23, 2021 at 12:06 PM YiFei Zhu <[email protected]> wrote:
>>
>> On Wed, Nov 17, 2021 at 1:04 AM YiFei Zhu <[email protected]> wrote:
>> > On Tue, Nov 16, 2021 at 6:38 PM Huji Lee <[email protected]> wrote:
>> > >
>> > > I went back and reactivated the line in .bash_profile which enabled zsh 
>> > > ("exec zsh" as the last line of .bash_profile)
>> > >
>> > > Then I submitted the job to the grid, using a command like this:
>> > >
>> > > jsub -N "n"  -once -o ~/err/nightly.out -e ~/err/nightly.err 
>> > > ~/grid/jobs/nightly.sh
>> > >
>> > > I did it three ways. First, I used the nightly.sh file as is (see 
>> > > source). Second, I replaced "source" with "." and third I replaced 
>> > > "source" with "bash". In all three cases, it failed, without even 
>> > > producing an output or error. The nightly.out and nightly.err files were 
>> > > created of course, but were empty.
>> > >
>> > > Next, I added a "#!/bin/bash" shabang and ran it again all three ways. 
>> > > Result was the same.
>> > >
>> > > Running qstat many times shows that the job gets into a queued state 
>> > > ("qw") and after a few seconds, it goes into the run state ("r") and 
>> > > immediately stops.
>> > >
>> > > Removing the "exec zsh" command from .bash_profile will make things work 
>> > > again.
>> > >
>> > > Finally, I decided maybe the problem is that zsh is available for me, 
>> > > but not on the grid. So I change the .bash_profile ending from a single 
>> > > "exec zsh" command to this:
>> > >
>> > > if [ -f /usr/bin/zsh ]; then
>> > >     zsh
>> > > fi
>> > >
>> > > Under this config, jobs on the grid worked, and when I used "become" to 
>> > > login as my tool, I ended with zsh. Obviously, I am happy with this 
>> > > workaround. But I am still curious as to the root cause.
>> > >
>> > > Is it really that zsh is not available on the grid, and the grid tries 
>> > > to replicate my environment first and reaches the "exec zsh" command and 
>> > > falls apart somehow?
>> > >
>> >
>> > This is consistent with what I described earlier:
>> >
>> > > Since you have "exec zsh" in your
>> > > .bash_profile, bash will run it as startup as a login shell, which in
>> > > theory would immediately replace itself with zsh with no arguments.
>> > > zsh will then see it has no arguments, attempts to read script from
>> > > stdin and get nothing, and immediately exit, stopping the job in grid.
>> >
>> > However, now that you have "zsh" instead of "exec zsh", the "replace"
>> > is not done. bash as the login shell executes zsh as a subshell, and
>> > zsh, having no inputs, immediately exits. The execution continues as
>> > if nothing had ever happened.
>> >
>> > I just tested the behavior of a how bash invokes .bash_profile by
>> > adding a sleep 60 to .bash_profile, and have my test.sh have a
>> > shebang, a a job is submitted for both with explicit 'bash' and
>> > without, and it looks like .bash_profile is executed in bath cases:
>> >
>> >   USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
>> >   sgeadmin   762  0.4  0.1 111020 16056 ?        Sl   Mar25 1383:08
>> > /usr/lib/gridengine/sge_execd
>> >   [...]
>> >   sgeadmin 20388  0.0  0.1  51468  8540 ?        S    07:57   0:00  \_
>> > /usr/lib/gridengine/sge_shepherd -bg
>> >   tools.z+ 20390  0.0  0.0  23580  3196 ?        Ss   07:57   0:00
>> >  \_ -bash -c /data/project/zhuyifei1999-test/test.sh
>> >   tools.z+ 20393  0.0  0.0   5796   672 ?        S    07:57   0:00
>> >      \_ sleep 60
>> >
>> >   USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
>> >   sgeadmin   752  0.3  0.1 115112 16100 ?        Sl   Mar25 1313:16
>> > /usr/lib/gridengine/sge_execd
>> >   [...]
>> >   sgeadmin  8715  0.0  0.1  51468  8688 ?        S    07:57   0:00  \_
>> > /usr/lib/gridengine/sge_shepherd -bg
>> >   tools.z+  8717  0.0  0.0  23580  3324 ?        Ss   07:57   0:00
>> >  \_ -bash -c /bin/bash /data/project/zhuyifei1999-test/test.sh
>> >   tools.z+  8720  0.0  0.0   5796   656 ?        S    07:57   0:00
>> >      \_ sleep 60
>> >
>> > It did take me by surprise that it's still bash that invokes the given
>> > command, because bash was not in the process tree for a usual "jsub
>> > [...] python script.sh". For example, a non-continuous job typically
>> > looks like this:
>> >
>> >   sgeadmin 28386  0.0  0.1  51468  8588 ?        S    Nov15   0:00  \_
>> > /usr/lib/gridengine/sge_shepherd -bg
>> >   tools.f+ 28388  7.2  3.5 427144 293024 ?       Ss   Nov15 210:55  |
>> >  \_ /usr/bin/python pycore/pwb.py pycore/fawikibot/rade.py -newcat:10
>> >
>> > And a continuous one:
>> >
>> >   sgeadmin  3699  0.0  0.0  51464  4540 ?        S    Apr19   0:00  \_
>> > /usr/lib/gridengine/sge_shepherd -bg
>> >   tools.b+  3701  0.0  0.0   4280    68 ?        SNs  Apr19   0:00  |
>> >  \_ /bin/sh 
>> > /var/spool/gridengine/execd/tools-sgeexec-0942/job_scripts/1302451
>> >   tools.b+  3702  0.2  2.8 505104 231092 ?       SNl  Apr19 674:45  |
>> >      \_ /usr/bin/python bot2.py
>> >
>> > There is no `-bash -c "python script.sh"`
>> >
>> > However, if you trace what's going on, for a non-interactive bash that
>> > only receives a single command, it will directly execve that command:
>> >
>> >   $ strace -e clone,execve bash -c '/bin/true'
>> >   execve("/bin/bash", ["bash", "-c", "/bin/true"], [/* 26 vars */]) = 0
>> >   execve("/bin/true", ["/bin/true"], [/* 25 vars */]) = 0
>> >   +++ exited with 0 +++
>> >
>> > It does not involve child processes from the fork-exec model you'd
>> > expect. Therefore, we can say that no matter what you do with the job
>> > submission, a bash non-interactive login shell will be executed to run
>> > the command you specified to jsub. And the mess of "bash replace
>> > itself with zsh which immediately exits because stdin is empty" will
>> > apply.
>> >
>> > I think it is important to clarify that a shell like bash has 4 modes
>> > of execution, defined by whether it is an interactive shell, and
>> > whether it is a login shell. The details for the modes in the case of
>> > bash you can find in its man page [1]. But tl;dr:
>> >
>> > Login shells:
>> > - Upon startup, sources /etc/profile, then the first one among
>> > ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile, that exists.
>> > - `bash -l` and `-bash` (note the dash sign at the front) makes bash a
>> > login shell
>> >
>> > Non-login shells:
>> > - If also interactive, upon startup, sources ~/.bashrc
>> >
>> > Interactive shells:
>> > - DIsplays a prompt for each command
>> >
>> > Non-interactive shells:
>> > - Upon startup, sources $BASH_ENV if it exists
>> > - As we saw above, if the command is given in the command string in -c
>> > and there is only one command, bash does not fork-exec the command but
>> > execs the command directly.
>> >
>> > So you might wonder why the separation of login shells (profile) vs
>> > non-login shells (rc). The reason is some environments are inherited
>> > by subshells while others are not. Environment variables are
>> > inherited:
>> >
>> >   $ export FOO=bar
>> >   $ echo $FOO
>> >   bar
>> >   $ bash
>> >   $ echo $FOO
>> >   bar
>> >
>> > While things like aliases are not:
>> >
>> >   $ alias foo='echo bar'
>> >   $ foo
>> >   bar
>> >   $ bash
>> >   $ foo
>> >   bash: foo: command not found
>> >
>> > There are environment setups that get inherited but you do not want it
>> > to be executed over and over by subshells. For example, appending to
>> > $PATH (`export PATH="$PATH:/path/to/bin"`). If it is in rc instead of
>> > profile, every time you run an interactive bash subshell PATH gets
>> > longer and more redundant; hence $PATH setups normally go to profile
>> > instead of rc. Non-inheritable setups like aliases go to rc. And the
>> > separation between .bash_profile and .profile is just so that you can
>> > have a .bash_profile that uses bash-specific syntax. I never needed
>> > any so I always use .profile.
>> >
>> > And to have bash login shells also get the initialization from rc,
>> > .profile usually has a header like this:
>> >
>> >   # if running bash
>> >   if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then
>> >       # include .bashrc if it exists
>> >       if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then
>> >           . "$HOME/.bashrc"
>> >       fi
>> >   fi
>> >
>> > And .bashrc:
>> >
>> >   # Test for an interactive shell
>> >   if [[ $- != *i* ]] ; then
>> >           # Shell is non-interactive.  Be done now!
>> >           return
>> >   fi
>> >
>> > I hope this makes sense. Let me know if not.
>> >
>> > Back to your question, let's see in what scenarios you would want to 
>> > invoke zsh:
>> > - Non-interactive shells: No, you don't want `bash command.sh` randomly 
>> > exec zsh
>> > - Interactive non-login shells: No, if you explicitly run `bash`, you
>> > want bash not zsh.
>> > - Interactive login shells. Yes, this is what `become tool` runs
>> > initially and you want bash here.
>> >
>> > Hence, to run in a login shell environment you'd want the .profile or
>> > .bash_profile. And interactive guard is simply [[ $- = *i* ]] in bash
>> > syntax, so what you want, expressed in code, is in .bash_profile:
>> >
>> >   if [[ $- = *i* ]]; then
>> >           exec zsh
>> >   fi
>> >
>> > As a side note, yes zsh exists on the grid hosts:
>> >
>> >   zhuyifei1999@tools-sgeexec-0901: ~$ ls -l {/usr,}/bin/zsh
>> >   -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 819744 Dec  1  2020 /bin/zsh
>> >   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      8 Nov 22  2018 /usr/bin/zsh -> /bin/zsh
>> >
>> > [1] https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/bash.1.html#INVOCATION
>> >
>> > YiFei Zhu
>>
>> Have you had a chance to take a look at it yet?
>>
>> YiFei Zhu
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