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In the present study we combined interferon (IFN) and hydroxyurea (HU)
treatment, intensive chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT)
in newly diagnosed chronic myelogenous leukemia patients aged below 56 years,
not eligible for allogeneic SCT. Patients who had an HLA-identical sibling donor
and no contraindication went for an allogeneic SCT (related donor, RD). After
diagnosis, patients not allotransplanted received HU and IFN to keep WBC and
platelet counts low. After 6 months patients with Ph-positive cells still
present in the bone marrow received 1-3 courses of intensive chemotherapy. Those
who became Ph-negative after IFN + HU or after 1-3 chemotherapy courses
underwent autologous SCT. Some patients with poor cytogenetic response were
allotransplanted with an unrelated donor (URD). IFN + HU reduced the percentage
of Ph-positive metaphases in 56% of patients, and 1 patient became
Ph-negative.
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