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Link between power lines and leukemia still weak
Last Updated: 2005-06-03 9:32:00 -0400 (Reuters Health)
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Researchers have found that proximity to
high voltage power lines may be associated with childhood leukemia -
but as previously reported in other studies -- the association remains
"slight" and "the relation may be due to chance."
There have been several studies over the years that either support or
contradict a relationship between electromagnetic fields and cancer.
The current study, published in the British Medical Journal, compared
approximately 29,000 cases of cancer (including 9700 cases of
leukemia) diagnosed before age 15 years in the UK with a similar
number of cancer-free "controls" matched for gender, date of birth,
and birth registration district.
Dr. Gerald J. Draper, at the University of Oxford, and his associates
identified subjects living within 1 kilometer of 275 kV and 400 kV
overhead power lines.
The team found no association between distance from power lines and
overall incidence of cancer. However, children living within 200
meters of a power line had a 69 percent higher risk of leukemia than
those who lived more than 600 meters away. Between those two
distances, the risk was increased by 23 percent.
"As this is further than can readily be explained by magnetic fields
it may be due to other (causative) factors associated with power
lines," the group notes.
In an accompanying editorial, Dr. Heather O. Dickinson, from the
University of Newcastle upon Tyne, notes that magnetic fields
surrounding power lines amounts to "about 1% of the earth's magnetic
field, which affects all of us all the time." Thus, the relationships
that Draper's group observed may reflect another factor that varies
geographically, she suggests.
BMJ science editor Dr. Geoff Watts points out that proposed mechanisms
supporting a link between electromagnetic fields and cancer "is at
best thin and at worst non-existent."
"Before activists begin blowing up pylons, a bit of perspective might
help," he adds. Even if such a link exists, he says, Draper's findings
indicate that power lines may be associated with only about five cases
of childhood leukemia each year.
SOURCE: British Medical Journal, June 4, 2005.


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