بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ
إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ
وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ
لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ
تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِم مِّن كُلِّ
أَمْرٍ
سَلَامٌ هِيَ حَتَّى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ
*"Verily, We have sent it down in the Night of Al-Qadr.*
*And what will make you know what the Night of Al-Qadr is*
*The Night of Al-Qadr is better than a thousand months.*
*Therein descend the angels and the Ruh by their Lord's permission with
every matter.*
*There is peace until the appearance of dawn."*
**
*The Virtues of the Night of Al-Qadr (the Decree)*
Allah سبحانه وتعالى informs that He sent the Qur'an down during the Night of
Al-Qadr, and it is a blessed night about which Allah سبحانه وتعالى says:
إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَارَكَةٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنذِرِينَ**
*"We sent it down on a blessed night."* [TMQ 44:3]
This is the Night of Al-Qadr and it occurs during the month of Ramadan. This
is as Allah سبحانه وتعالى says:
شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِيَ أُنزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ
*"The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an."* [TMQ 2:185]
Ibn `Abbas and others have said, *"Allah sent the Qur'an down all at one
time from the Preserved Tablet (Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz) to the House of Might
(Baytul-`Izzah), which is in the heaven of this world. Then it came down in
parts to the Messenger of Allah based upon the incidents that occurred over
a period of twenty-three years."*
Then Allah سبحانه وتعالى magnified the status of the Night of Al-Qadr, which
He chose for the revelation of the Mighty Qur'an, by His سبحانه وتعالى
saying:
وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ
لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ
*"And what will make you know what the Night of Al-Qadr is. The Night of
Al-Qadr is better than a thousand months."*
Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah: *"When Ramadan would come, the
Messenger of Allah would say: 'Verily, the month of Ramadan has come to you
all. It is a blessed month, which Allah has obligated you all to fast.
During it the gates of Paradise are opened, the gates of Hell are closed and
the devils are shackled. In it there is a night that is better than one
thousand months. Whoever is deprived of its good, then he has truly been
deprived.'"*
An-Nasa'i recorded this same Hadith. Aside from the fact that worship during
the Night of Al-Qadr is equivalent to worship performed for a period of one
thousand months, it is also confirmed in the Two Sahihs from Abu Hurayrah
that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم said: *"Whoever stands
(in prayer) during the Night of Al-Qadr with faith and expecting reward
(from Allah), he will be forgiven for his previous sins."*
*The Descent of the Angels and the Decree for Every Good during the Night of
Al-Qadr*
Allah سبحانه وتعالى says:
تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِم مِّن كُلِّ
أَمْرٍ
*"Therein descend the angels and the Ruh by their Lord's permission with
every matter."*
This means the angels descend in abundance during the Night of Al-Qadr due
to its abundant blessings. The angels descend with the descending of
blessings and mercy, just as they descend when the Qur'an is recited, they
surround the circles of Dhikr (remembrance of Allah) and they lower their
wings with true respect for the student of knowledge.
In reference to *Ar-Ruh*, it is said that here it means the angel Jibril.
Therefore, the wording of the Ayah is a method of adding the name of the
distinct object (in this case Jibril) separate from the general group (in
this case the angels).
Concerning Allah's سبحانه وتعالى statement,
مِّن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ
*"with every matter."*
Mujahid said, *"Peace concerning every matter."*
Sa`id bin Mansur said, `Isa bin Yunus told us that Al-A`mash narrated to
them that Mujahid said concerning Allah's سبحانه وتعالى statement:
سَلَامٌ هِيَ
*"There is peace."*
*"It is security in which Shaytan cannot do any evil or any harm."*
Qatadah and others have said, *"The matters are determined during it, and
the times of death and provisions are measured out (i.e., decided) during
it."*
Allah سبحانه وتعالى says,
فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ
*"Therein is decreed every matter of decree."* [TMQ 44:4]
Then Allah سبحانه وتعالى says,
سَلَامٌ هِيَ حَتَّى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ
*"There is peace until the appearance of dawn."*
Sa`id bin Mansur said: Hushaym narrated to us on the authority of Abu Ishaq,
who narrated that Ash-Sha`bi said concerning Allah's سبحانه وتعالى
statement:
سَلَامٌ هِيَ حَتَّى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ مِّن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ
*"With every matter, there is a peace until the appearance of dawn."*
*"The angels giving the greetings of peace during the Night of Al-Qadr to
the people in the Masjids until the coming of Fajr (dawn)."*
Qatadah and Ibn Zayd both said concerning Allah's سبحانه وتعالى statement,
سَلَامٌ هِيَ
*"There is peace."*
*"This means all of it is good and there is no evil in it until the coming
of Fajr (dawn)."*
*Specifying the Night of Decree and its Signs*
This is supported by what Imam Ahmad recorded from `Ubadah bin As-Samit that
the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم said: *"The Night of Al-Qadr
occurs during the last ten (nights). Whoever stands for them (in prayer)
seeking their reward, then indeed Allah will forgive his previous sins and
his latter sins. It is an odd night: the ninth, or the seventh, or the
fifth, or the third or the last night (of Ramadan)."*
The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم also said: *"Verily, the sign
of the Night of Al-Qadr is that it is pure and glowing as if there were a
bright, tranquil, calm moon during it. It is not cold, nor is it hot, and no
shooting star is permitted until morning. Its sign is that the sun appears
on the morning following it smooth having no rays on it, just like the moon
on a full moon night. Shaytan is not allowed to come out with it (the sun)
on that day."* This chain of narration is good. In its text there is some
oddities and in some of its wordings there are things that are
objectionable.
Abu Dawud mentioned a section in his Sunan that he titled, *"Chapter:
Clarification that the Night of Al-Qadr occurs during every Ramadan."* Then
he recorded that `Abdullah bin `Umar said, *"The Messenger of Allah was
asked about the Night of Al-Qadr while I was listening and he said: "It
occurs during every Ramadan."* The men of this chain of narration are all
reliable, but Abu Dawud said that Shu`bah and Sufyan both narrated it from
Ishaq and they both considered it to be a statement of the Companion (Ibn
`Umar, and thus not the statement of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم.
It has been reported that Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri said, "The Messenger of Allah
صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم performed I`tikaf during the first ten nights of
Ramadan and we performed I`tikaf with him. Then Jibril came to him and said,
*'That which you are seeking is in front of you.'* So the Prophet صلى الله
عليه وآله وسلم performed I`tikaf during the middle ten days of Ramadan and
we also performed I`tikaf with him. Then Jibril came to him and said; *'That
which you are seeking is ahead of you.'* So the Prophet صلى الله عليه وآله
وسلم stood up and gave a sermon on the morning of the twentieth of Ramadan
and he said: *"Whoever performed I`tikaf with me, let him come back (for
I`tikaf again), for verily I saw the Night of Al-Qadr, and I was caused to
forget it, and indeed it is during the last ten (nights). It is during an
odd night and I saw myself as if I were prostrating in mud and water."* The
roof of the Masjid was made of dried palm-tree leaves and we did not see
anything (i.e., clouds) in the sky. But then a patch of wind-driven clouds
came and it rained. So the Prophet صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم lead us in prayer
until we saw the traces of mud and water on the forehead of the Messenger of
Allah صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم, which confirmed his dream."
In one narration it adds that this occurred on the morning of the
twenty-first night (meaning the next morning). They both (Al-Bukhari and
Muslim) recorded it in the Two Sahihs.
Ash-Shafi`i said, *"This Hadith is the most authentic of what has been
reported." *
It has also been said that it is on the twenty-third night due to a Hadith
narrated from `Abdullah bin Unays in Sahih Muslim. It has also been said
that it is on the twenty-fifth night due to what Al-Bukhari recorded from
Ibn `Abbas that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم said: *"Seek
it in the last ten (nights) of Ramadan. In the ninth it still remains, in
the seventh it still remains, in the fifth it still remains." *
Many have explained this Hadith to refer to the odd nights, and this is the
most apparent and most popular explanation. It has also been said that it
occurs on the twenty-seventh night because of what Muslim recorded in his
Sahih from Ubay bin Ka`b that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم
mentioned that it was on the twenty-seventh night.
Imam Ahmad recorded from Zirr that he asked Ubayy bin Ka`b, *"O Abu
Al-Mundhir! Verily, your brother Ibn Mas`ud says whoever stands for prayer
(at night) the entire year, will catch the Night of Al-Qadr."* He (Ubayy)
said, *"May Allah have mercy upon him. Indeed he knows that it is during the
month of Ramadan and that it is the twenty-seventh night."* Then he swore by
Allah. Zirr then said, *"How do you know that?"* Ubayy replied, *"By a sign
or an indication that he (the Prophet) informed us of. It rises that next
day having no rays on it - meaning the sun."* Muslim has also recorded it.
It has been said that it is the night of the twenty-ninth. Imam Ahmad bin
Hanbal recorded from `Ubadah bin As-Samit that he asked the Messenger of
Allah صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم about the Night of Decree and he replied: *"Seek
it in Ramadan in the last ten nights. For verily, it is during the odd
nights, the twenty-first, or the twenty-third, or the twenty-fifth, or the
twenty-seventh, or the twenty-ninth, or during the last night." *
Imam Ahmad also recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah صلى
الله عليه وآله وسلم said about the Night of Al-Qadr: *"Verily, it is during
the twenty-seventh or the twenty-ninth night. And verily, the angels who are
on the earth during that night are more numerous than the number of
pebbles."* Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith and there is nothing
wrong with its chain of narration.
At-Tirmidhi recorded from Abu Qilabah that he said, *"The Night of Al-Qadr
moves around (i.e., from year to year) throughout the last ten
nights."*This view that At-Tirmidhi mentions from Abu Qilabah has also
been recorded
by Malik, Ath-Thawri, Ahmad bin Hanbal, Ishaq bin Rahuyah, Abu Thawr,
Al-Muzani, Abu Bakr bin Khuzaymah and others. It has also been related from
Ash-Shafi`i, and Al-Qadi reported it from him, and this is most likely. And
Allah knows best.
*Supplication during the Night of Decree*
It is recommended to supplicate often during all times, especially during
the month of Ramadan, in the last ten nights, and during the odd nights of
it even more so. It is recommended that one say the following supplication a
lot: *"O Allah! Verily, You are the Oft-Pardoning, You love to pardon, so
pardon me."*
This is due to what Imam Ahmad recorded from `A'ishah, that she said, *"O
Messenger of Allah! If I find the Night of Al-Qadr what should I say?"* He
replied: *"Say: 'O Allah! Verily, You are the Oft-Pardoning, You love to
pardon, so pardon me.'"* At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah have all
recorded this Hadith.
At-Tirmidhi said, *"This Hadith is Hasan Sahih."* Al-Hakim recorded it in
his Mustadrak (with a different chain of narration) and he said that it is
authentic according to the criteria of the two Shaykhs (Al-Bukhari and
Muslim). An-Nasa'i also recorded it.
This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah Laylat Al-Qadr, and all praise and
blessings are due to Allah.
--
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Suhail Sulaiman T.P
+919846259383
('Technology' is not the last word)
