COBirders,

It was great to observe the Castlewood Canyon Black Vulture soaring for
15 minutes with Turkey Vultures yesterday, so thanks to those who
provided daily updates.  In the did you know category, Black Vultures,
unlike Turkey Vultures, have a poor sense of smell so they often fly
higher, often out of view (as reported here on COBirds), but why?  BVs
often fly higher in order to observe the lower-flying TVs that have
incredible olfactory powers making them more adept at finding food.  Once
a carcass has been located by TVs, Black Vultures, at least when in
groups, are more aggressive and often takeover a carcass.  BVs roost
communally and when those with extended crops fly out in the A.M.,
individuals who have been unsuccessful in finding food follow along
increasing their chances of a meal.  Research shows Black Vultures often
return to the same carcass day-after-day, so if someone finds a large
road kill, a strategic placement of it would perhaps be interesting to
observe.

>From Birds of North America Online we learn BVs do not use their feet
while feeding as TVs to and they feed faster, often entering a carcass
through different orifices, including sticking heads through eye sockets
to gobble up entrails etc, but they are unable to open a carcass, so they
must wait for other animals to do so.  As expected from a bird spending
time inside a carcass, they spend many hours of the day preening.  They
have been observed feeding on carcass maggots, gathering them one at a
time like chickens pecking up grain.  They are not exclusively carrion
feeders but will take young herons and newly born livestock; in South
America they are one of the most common species at garbage dumps where
finding dead mammals is a given.  In one study, BVs were observed to
prefer palm oil fruits above carrion.  BVs nest on the ground and they
are frequently seen perched in the middle of the day by cattle watering
troughs on which they land to drink.  Their wing-loading is higher than
in TVs, so while soaring in weak thermals they have to flap more
frequently, often a good way to spot one in a flock of TVs.

To many, vultures are far from being beautiful except maybe while soaring
on thermals, but BVs are a very successful and understudied species.

Bill Maynard
Colorado Springs
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