Greetings All

Now that Mexican Duck has regained its proper full-species status (in most 
realms), I am guessing that M ducks (Mexican, Mottled, Mallard and their 
hybrids -- aka M&M Ducks) will be receiving more attention. I believe that Tony 
Leukering is working on a Mexican Duck article for Birding Magazine, but I 
thought a few comments might be worthwhile in the meantime. 


1- Status and Distribution in CO
Apparent distribution of Mexican Duck and in CO has a strong observation bias. 
In other words, they are found where the birders are, or more accurately, where 
birders who have an interest in finding them are. During most of my tenure in 
CO (2011 on), those people have been Cathy Sheeter, Ted Floyd, and me. So, 
records in eBird Mexican Duck records are concentrated in Weld and Boulder 
(there is a similar concentration of Mexican Duck records in UT around Salt 
Lake City)


However, my experience leads me to believe that Mexican Duck is probably most 
numerous in sw. Colorado/ San Luis Valley


I also wonder if there were more Mexican Ducks during my earlier years in CO, 
when severe drought conditions reigned in sw USA, perhaps driving some birds n. 
in search of water. It seems that I found far more in my Weld stomping grounds 
from 2011 to 2014/2015 than thereafter. 


2- ID of Females. Separating Mexican Duck females from Mallards is 
exceptionally  difficult. Telling Mexican Ducks from M&M ducks (Mexican x 
Mallard, Mottled x Mallard and Mexican x Mottled) requires a very good look at 
a dark-end female; I think that, by-and-large, only those familiar with female 
Mexican Ducks within their range can make this identification. During my winter 
visits to AZ, I probably ID 10 male Mexicans for every female. Females are told 
from Mexican x Mallard, in no small part, by their all brown tails. Note, 
though, the very young Mallards (mostly July-August) can have all dark tails, 
or tails with a bit of white on tail edge (which Mexican Duck can have) -- see 
https://www.flickr.com/photos/36088296@N08/20634269773 and 
https://www.flickr.com/photos/36088296@N08/9218634367 (though the latter bird 
might be a Mexican x Mallard)


For photos of apparent "pure" female Mexican Duck from CO see 
https://www.flickr.com/photos/36088296@N08/8674584022


https://www.flickr.com/photos/36088296@N08/8758111200 looks to be a female 
Mallard x Mexican Duck



3- ID of Males. I won't/can't get into the details at this time, but do note 
that one need consider all of the M&M duck combinations. So, not only look for 
Mallard characters, but also for Mottled Duck characters (black at gape of 
bill, narrow borders to wing speculum, buffy unstreaked chin...) when 
attempting to ID a Mexican Duck. Mottled x Mexican Duck and Mottled x Mallard 
should be rarer than pure Mexican Duck in CO, but more likely than Mottled 
Duck. For every Mexican Duck that I've identified in CO, I've labelled (perhaps 
errantly, see below) 2-3 ducks Mexican x Mallard and left another half-dozen as 
???. 


Some of the males ducks that I've identified as Mexican x Mallard are probably 
Mallard. 
Why?
Work by Andy Engilis and colleagues demonstrates that first-year male Mexican 
Ducks can show a hint of Mallard traits (the explanation for this is 
fascinating, but I'll leave it for another time). This explains why so many of 
the male ducks I thought where Mexican x Mallard were so very similar to 
Mexican Ducks, rather than truly intermediate. It appears that first year male 
Mexican Ducks can have a touch of curl to the central tail-feathers, a smidgen 
of green on head, etc. This issue should be further clarified in the next 
couple of years. 


https://www.flickr.com/photos/36088296@N08/30344793444 is an excellent example 
of a duck that looks as if it has a bit of Mallard in it but is probably a pure 
Mexican Duck (first year). 


Also, see https://www.flickr.com/photos/36088296@N08/17019286745 (and the 3 or 
4 photos that follow) for an apparent Mottled Duck x Mexican Duck from CO


Good Birding
Steve Mlodinow
Longmont CO








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