Just to add my 2 ¢ to Berin's explanation:
Xvfb worked for me:  http://www.google.com/keyword/keyword/Xvfb

If you search the cocoon-users mailing list archive, I think there are some
other alternatives.

I probably have much less experience than Berin in these matters, but for
what it's worth, I found that I was able to get the .SVG examples working on
a headless Linux server by running Xvfb and setting the DISPLAY variable to
:0

Good luck.

eirik

> From: Berin Loritsch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 15:48:28 -0400
> To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Subject: Re: [C2] trying to connect to X11?
> 
> Drasko Kokic wrote:
>> 
>> --- Berin Loritsch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>> Dan J Fraser wrote:
>>>> 
>>>> Hope this isn't a FAQ... It's not mentioned on the
>>> cocoon website.
>>> 
>>> Batik uses Java SWING, which in turn requires an
>>> XWindows environment.
>>> There are two things you can do to get it to work:
>>> 
>>> 1) Install an XServer (a simple FrameBuffer Xserver
>>> will do), and set
>>> the environment variable "DISPLAY" to the proper
>>> value (something
>>> like "127.0.0.1", consult your X Server's
>>> documentation)
>>> 
>>> 2) Remove all references to Batik in the sitemap
>>> (this removes your
>>> ability to dynamically create graphics based on
>>> SVG files).
>>> 
>> 3) Use JDK 1.4 (still in pre-release)
> 
> JDK 1.4 uses JDBC 3.0 which is not compatible with Avalon.
> This is an issue that was discovered early in testing with
> JDK 1.4.  Once we resolve that issue, we will reexamine
> using JDK 1.4.
> 
>> 
>>>> 
>>>> When I try to start C2 for the first time, I get
>>> this:
>>>> 
>>>> ERROR   4684    [cocoon  ] (Thread-35): Error
>>> compiling sitemap
>>>> java.lang.InternalError: Can't connect to X11
>>> window server using ':0.0' as
>>>> the
>>>> value of the DISPLAY variable.
>>>> at
>>> sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment.initDisplay(Native
>>> Method)
>>>> at
>>>> 
>>> 
>> sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment.<clinit>(X11GraphicsEnvironment.java:5
>>>> 8)
>>>> at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
>>>> server# locate jserv.properties
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> Why is it trying to connect to an X server?  How
>>> can I tell it not to?
>>>> 
>>>> --
>>>> Dan J. Fraser <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>>> PGP: 0xF3972A01 (17 B7 24 90 27 05 B8 92  4F 7F 61
>>> 18 B9 D1 17 CE)
>>>> "Keep America beautiful.  Swallow your beer cans."
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>> 
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