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----- Original Message -----
From: "PANG2001" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Para los ke votaron por Mr. Stump: Leigan pa
ke se istrugan.
> ... > H.R. 190 > To clarify the effect on the citizenship of an individual of the > individual's > birth in the United States. > IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES > January 3, 2001 > Mr. STUMP introduced the following bill; > which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary > A BILL > To clarify the effect on the citizenship of > an individual of the individual's birth in the United States. > Be it enacted by the Senate and House of > Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, > SECTION 1. BASIS OF CITIZENSHIP CLARIFIED. > In the exercise of its powers under > section 5 of the Fourteenth Article of > Amendment to the Constitution of the > United States, the Congress has determined and hereby declares that any > person born after the date of enactment of this Act to a mother who is > neither a citizen or national of
the United States nor admitted to the United
> States as a lawful permanent resident,
and which person is a citizen or
> national of another country of
which either of his or her natural parents is a
> citizen or national, or is entitled upon application to become a citizen or > national of such country, shall be considered as born subject to the > jurisdiction of that foreign
country and not subject to the jurisdiction
> of the United States within the
meaning of section 1 of such Article and
> shall therefore not be a citizen of
the United States or of any State solely
> by reason of birth in the United
States.
===========================================
La 14a. enmienda de la Constituci�n de los Estados Unidos, secciones 1 y 5
dice:
N. Amendment 14
(Ratified July 9, 1868)
Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States,
and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and
of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any
law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United
States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property,
without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the
equal protection of the laws.
Comment: Anyone born or
naturalized in the United States is a citizen. All citizens are entitled to due
process (basic fairness), according to the Constitution and Bill of Rights. Laws
must be enacted and enforced in a way that treats people
equally.
... Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate
legislation, the provision of this article.
... ===========================================
Mi comentario es:
El "bill" propuesto por el Sr. Stump, (seg�n nos cuenta
PANGsaurius), en realidad NO propone un cambio
constitucional. Lo que trata de hacer, de manera equivocada a mi modo de
ver, es aseverar que seg�n la 14a. enmienda, el Congreso tiene la
potestad de definir qui�n es y qui�n no es ciudadano de los Estados
Unidos, y bas�ndose en eso, segregar a los hijos de madres no residentes de
manera permanente en los Estados Unidos.
El art�culo 5 de la 14a. enmienda de la Constituci�n no dice eso. Solo le
da al Congreso la tarea de, mediante adecuada legislaci�n, poner en ejecucion
("enforce") lo previsto en la enmienda. No de cambiarlo, sino de ponerlo en
ejecuci�n, y teniendo en cuenta que la secci�n 1 dice de manera
inequ�voca "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and
subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of
the State wherein they reside", el Congreso no puede mediante un
simple "bill" (o una simple ley), cambiar esa clara e inequ�voca estipulaci�n
constitucional. Dicho de otro modo, el "bill" propuesto trata de "clarificar"
algo que no requiere ninguna clarificaci�n, y mediante un mecanismo que no es el
autorizado constitucionalmente.
Para producir el efecto deseado, el se�or Stump (?!) tendr�a que proponer
un cambio constitucional, asunto m�s espinoso y complejo.
Claro, todos estos asuntos tienen mucho de ancho y de largo. En todo
caso, a riesgo de aparecer por en�sima vez como intelectualmente sin fruto,
creo que si una ley como esta pasara o fuera aprobada en el Congreso, ser�a muy
vulnerable, y posiblemente tumbada muy pronto, por inconstitucional.
Saludos
jmb
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- Colext: HR1990 PANG2001
- Luciano Pulgar
