Monday
October 11
4:00 - 5:00 PM 
Kelley 1001

Paul Cull 
Professor Emeritus
School of EECS
Oregon State University


A Tale of Two Puzzles

Once upon a time, there were two puzzles. One was the Towers of Hanoi invented 
or introduced by Eduardo Lucas in 1883. The other was Spin-Out patented by 
William Keister in 1972. There are many stories about these puzzles. Some of 
these stories hint or claim that these puzzles have an intimate relationship 
with the Gray codes invented by Frank Gray in 1947. Here, we wish to show how 
these puzzles can be generalized and crossed to give give puzzles for every 
base and for every number of pieces. The Gray relationship will become clearer 
when we describe the graphs associated with the puzzles and the graph labelings 
induced by the puzzles. These labelings will have the Gray property in the 
appropriate base. Counter to claims that Gray counting is needed to solve these 
puzzles, we describe counting algorithms which solve these puzzles using a 
standard binary counter. We also give recursive and iterative algorithms for 
these puzzles.


Biography

Paul Cull is a founding member of the Computer Science Department at OSU. He 
came to OSU in 1970, and became Professor Emeritus of Computer Science in 2003. 
Dr. Cull has taught the full panoply of courses from computer organization to 
algorithms and theory of computation. This term he is offering the 
undergraduate course in algorithms. He is Theory Editor for Computing Reviews 
and a member of the Editorial Board of Scientiae Mathematicae Japonicae. Paul 
Cull's research interests are mathematical biology, theory of computation, and 
analysis of algorithms. His early work was on inferring gene linkage from 
pedigree data. Dr. Cull earned his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago, where he 
studied with the committees on mathematical biology and information science. He 
wrote his thesis on the analysis of neural nets. Over the years, Dr. Cull has 
worked on a large variety of topics and published papers in many venues. His 
most recent papers are in machine learning, neural nets, interco
 nnection networks, biological string alignment, discrete iterations, and 
error-correcting codes. He is the co-author of the book "Difference Equations: 
from rabbits to chaos" published by Springer in 2006. Dr. Cull started the 
Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program with the Mathematics 
Department in 1987, and continues working with REU students each summer. The 
results in this talk were developed with these (very special) summer students.
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