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href="maven-plugin.html"> + + + Maven Plugin + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.58" data-path="unit-testing.html"> + + <a href="unit-testing.html"> + + + Unit Testing + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.59" data-path="perf-tuning.html"> + + <a href="perf-tuning.html"> + + + Troubleshooting and Performance Tuning + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.60" data-path="configuration-index.html"> + + <a href="configuration-index.html"> + + + Configuration Reference + + </a> + + + + </li> + + + + + <li class="divider"></li> + + <li> + <a href="https://www.gitbook.com"; target="blank" class="gitbook-link"> + Published with GitBook + </a> + </li> +</ul> + + + </nav> + + + </div> + + <div class="book-body"> + + <div class="body-inner"> + + + +<div class="book-header" role="navigation"> + + + <!-- Title --> + <h1> + <i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i> + <a href="." >Message Redelivery and Undelivered Messages</a> + </h1> +</div> + + + + + <div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main"> + <div class="page-inner"> + +<div id="book-search-results"> + <div class="search-noresults"> + + <section class="normal markdown-section"> + + <h1 id="message-redelivery-and-undelivered-messages">Message Redelivery and Undelivered Messages</h1> +<p>Messages can be delivered unsuccessfully (e.g. if the transacted session +used to consume them is rolled back). Such a message goes back to its +queue ready to be redelivered. However, this means it is possible for a +message to be delivered again and again without success thus remaining +in the queue indefinitely, clogging the system.</p> +<p>There are 2 ways to deal with these undelivered messages:</p> +<ul> +<li><p>Delayed redelivery.</p> +<p>It is possible to delay messages redelivery. This gives the client some +time to recover from any transient failures and to prevent overloading +its network or CPU resources.</p> +</li> +<li><p>Dead Letter Address.</p> +<p>It is also possible to configure a dead letter address so that after +a specified number of unsuccessful deliveries, messages are removed +from their queue and sent to the dead letter address. These messages +will not be delivered again from this queue.</p> +</li> +</ul> +<p>Both options can be combined for maximum flexibility.</p> +<h2 id="delayed-redelivery">Delayed Redelivery</h2> +<p>Delaying redelivery can often be useful in cases where clients regularly +fail or rollback. Without a delayed redelivery, the system can get into a +"thrashing" state, with delivery being attempted, the client rolling back, +and delivery being re-attempted ad infinitum in quick succession, +consuming valuable CPU and network resources.</p> +<h3 id="configuring-delayed-redelivery">Configuring Delayed Redelivery</h3> +<p>Delayed redelivery is defined in the address-setting configuration:</p> +<pre><code><!-- delay redelivery of messages for 5s --> +<address-setting match="jms.queue.exampleQueue"> +<!-- default is 1.0 --> +<redelivery-delay-multiplier>1.5</redelivery-delay-multiplier> +<!-- default is 0 (no delay) --> +<redelivery-delay>5000</redelivery-delay> +<!-- default is redelivery-delay * 10 --> +<max-redelivery-delay>50000</max-redelivery-delay> + +</address-setting> +</code></pre><p>If a <code>redelivery-delay</code> is specified, Apache ActiveMQ Artemis will wait this delay +before redelivering the messages.</p> +<p>By default, there is no redelivery delay (<code>redelivery-delay</code>is set to +0).</p> +<p>Other subsequent messages will be delivery regularly, only the cancelled +message will be sent asynchronously back to the queue after the delay.</p> +<p>You can specify a multiplier (the <code>redelivery-delay-multiplier</code>) that will +take effect on top of the <code>redelivery-delay</code>. Each time a message is redelivered +the delay period will be equal to the previous delay <em> <code>redelivery-delay-multiplier</code>. +A max-redelivery-delay can be set to prevent the delay from becoming too large. +The max-redelivery-delay is defaulted to redelivery-delay \</em> 10.</p> +<p>Example:</p> +<pre><code>- redelivery-delay=5000, redelivery-delay-multiplier=2, max-redelivery-delay=15000 + +1. Delivery Attempt 1. (Unsuccessful) +2. Wait Delay Period: 5000 +3. Delivery Attempt 2. (Unsuccessful) +4. Wait Delay Period: 10000 // (5000 * 2) < max-delay-period. Use 10000 +5. Delivery Attempt 3: (Unsuccessful) +6. Wait Delay Period: 15000 // (10000 * 2) > max-delay-period: Use max-delay-delivery +</code></pre><p>Address wildcards can be used to configure redelivery delay for a set of +addresses (see <a href="wildcard-syntax.html">Understanding the Wildcard Syntax</a>), so you don't have to specify redelivery delay +individually for each address.</p> +<h3 id="example">Example</h3> +<p>See <a href="examples.html">the examples chapter</a> for an example which shows how delayed redelivery is configured +and used with JMS.</p> +<h2 id="dead-letter-addresses">Dead Letter Addresses</h2> +<p>To prevent a client infinitely receiving the same undelivered message +(regardless of what is causing the unsuccessful deliveries), messaging +systems define <em>dead letter addresses</em>: after a specified unsuccessful +delivery attempts, the message is removed from its queue and sent +to a dead letter address.</p> +<p>Any such messages can then be diverted to queue(s) where they can later +be perused by the system administrator for action to be taken.</p> +<p>Apache ActiveMQ Artemis's addresses can be assigned a dead letter address. Once the +messages have been unsuccessfully delivered for a given number of +attempts, they are removed from their queue and sent to the relevant +dead letter address. These <em>dead letter</em> messages can later be consumed +from the dead letter address for further inspection.</p> +<h3 id="configuring-dead-letter-addresses">Configuring Dead Letter Addresses</h3> +<p>Dead letter address is defined in the address-setting configuration:</p> +<pre><code><!-- undelivered messages in exampleQueue will be sent to the dead letter address +deadLetterQueue after 3 unsuccessful delivery attempts --> +<address-setting match="jms.queue.exampleQueue"> +<dead-letter-address>jms.queue.deadLetterQueue</dead-letter-address> +<max-delivery-attempts>3</max-delivery-attempts> +</address-setting> +</code></pre><p>If a <code>dead-letter-address</code> is not specified, messages will removed after +<code>max-delivery-attempts</code> unsuccessful attempts.</p> +<p>By default, messages are redelivered 10 times at the maximum. Set +<code>max-delivery-attempts</code> to -1 for infinite redeliveries.</p> +<p>A <code>dead letter address</code> can be set globally for a set of matching +addresses and you can set <code>max-delivery-attempts</code> to -1 for a specific +address setting to allow infinite redeliveries only for this address.</p> +<p>Address wildcards can be used to configure dead letter settings for a +set of addresses (see <a href="wildcard-syntax.html">Understanding the Wildcard Syntax</a>).</p> +<h3 id="dead-letter-properties">Dead Letter Properties</h3> +<p>Dead letter messages which are consumed from a dead letter address have +the following properties:</p> +<ul> +<li><p><code>_AMQ_ORIG_ADDRESS</code></p> +<p>a String property containing the <em>original address</em> of the dead +letter message</p> +</li> +<li><p><code>_AMQ_ORIG_QUEUE</code></p> +<p>a String property containing the <em>original queue</em> of the dead letter +message</p> +</li> +</ul> +<h3 id="example">Example</h3> +<p>See: Dead Letter section of the <a href="examples.html">Examples</a> for an example +that shows how dead letter is configured and used with JMS.</p> +<h2 id="delivery-count-persistence">Delivery Count Persistence</h2> +<p>In normal use, Apache ActiveMQ Artemis does not update delivery count <em>persistently</em> +until a message is rolled back (i.e. the delivery count is not updated +<em>before</em> the message is delivered to the consumer). In most messaging +use cases, the messages are consumed, acknowledged and forgotten as soon +as they are consumed. In these cases, updating the delivery count +persistently before delivering the message would add an extra persistent +step <em>for each message delivered</em>, implying a significant performance +penalty.</p> +<p>However, if the delivery count is not updated persistently before the +message delivery happens, in the event of a server crash, messages might +have been delivered but that will not have been reflected in the +delivery count. During the recovery phase, the server will not have +knowledge of that and will deliver the message with <code>redelivered</code> set to +<code>false</code> while it should be <code>true</code>.</p> +<p>As this behavior breaks strict JMS semantics, Apache ActiveMQ Artemis allows to persist +delivery count before message delivery but this feature is disabled by default +due to performance implications.</p> +<p>To enable it, set <code>persist-delivery-count-before-delivery</code> to <code>true</code> in +<code>broker.xml</code>:</p> +<pre><code><persist-delivery-count-before-delivery>true</persist-delivery-count-before-delivery> +</code></pre> + + </section> + + </div> + <div class="search-results"> + <div class="has-results"> + + <h1 class="search-results-title"><span class='search-results-count'></span> results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1> + <ul class="search-results-list"></ul> + + </div> + <div class="no-results"> + + <h1 class="search-results-title">No results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1> + + </div> + </div> +</div> + + </div> + </div> + + </div> + + + + <a href="send-guarantees.html" class="navigation navigation-prev " aria-label="Previous page: Guarantees of sends and commits"> + <i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i> + </a> + + + <a href="message-expiry.html" class="navigation navigation-next " aria-label="Next page: Message Expiry"> + <i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i> + </a> + + + + </div> + + <script> + var gitbook = gitbook || []; + gitbook.push(function() { + gitbook.page.hasChanged({"page":{"title":"Message Redelivery and Undelivered Messages","level":"1.24","depth":1,"next":{"title":"Message Expiry","level":"1.25","depth":1,"path":"message-expiry.md","ref":"message-expiry.md","articles":[]},"previous":{"title":"Guarantees of sends and commits","level":"1.23","depth":1,"path":"send-guarantees.md","ref":"send-guarantees.md","articles":[]},"dir":"ltr"},"config":{"plugins":[],"styles":{"website":"styles/website.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","epub":"styles/epub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","ebook":"styles/ebook.css","print":"styles/print.css"},"pluginsConfig":{"highlight":{},"search":{},"lunr":{"maxIndexSize":1000000},"sharing":{"facebook":true,"twitter":true,"google":false,"weibo":false,"instapaper":false,"vk":false,"all":["facebook","google","twitter","weibo","instapaper"]},"fontsettings":{"theme":"white","family":"sans","size":2},"theme-default":{"styles":{"website":"styles/website.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","epub":"styles/ep ub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","ebook":"styles/ebook.css","print":"styles/print.css"},"showLevel":false}},"github":"apache/activemq-artemis","theme":"default","githubHost":"https://github.com/","pdf":{"pageNumbers":true,"fontSize":12,"fontFamily":"Arial","paperSize":"a4","chapterMark":"pagebreak","pageBreaksBefore":"/","margin":{"right":62,"left":62,"top":56,"bottom":56}},"structure":{"langs":"LANGS.md","readme":"README.md","glossary":"GLOSSARY.md","summary":"SUMMARY.md"},"variables":{},"title":"ActiveMQ Artemis Documentation","links":{"home":"http://activemq.apache.org/","issues":"http://activemq.apache.org/","contribute":"http://activemq.apache.org/contributing.html"},"gitbook":"3.x.x","description":"ActiveMQ Artemis User Guide and Reference Documentation"},"file":{"path":"undelivered-messages.md","mtime":"2016-10-22T12:23:36.000Z","type":"markdown"},"gitbook":{"version":"3.1.1","time":"2016-11-12T01:00:04.718Z"},"basePath":".","book":{"language":""}}); + }); + </script> +</div> + + + <script src="gitbook/gitbook.js"></script> + <script src="gitbook/theme.js"></script> + + + <script src="gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search-engine.js"></script> + + + + <script src="gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search.js"></script> + + + + <script src="gitbook/gitbook-plugin-lunr/lunr.min.js"></script> + + + + <script src="gitbook/gitbook-plugin-lunr/search-lunr.js"></script> + + + + <script src="gitbook/gitbook-plugin-sharing/buttons.js"></script> + + + + <script src="gitbook/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/fontsettings.js"></script> + + + + </body> +</html> +
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Flows + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.39" data-path="core-bridges.html"> + + <a href="core-bridges.html"> + + + Core Bridges + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.40" data-path="duplicate-detection.html"> + + <a href="duplicate-detection.html"> + + + Duplicate Message Detection + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.41" data-path="clusters.html"> + + <a href="clusters.html"> + + + Clusters + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.42" data-path="ha.html"> + + <a href="ha.html"> + + + High Availability and Failover + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.43" data-path="graceful-shutdown.html"> + + <a href="graceful-shutdown.html"> + + + Graceful Server Shutdown + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.44" data-path="libaio.html"> + + <a href="libaio.html"> + + + Libaio Native Libraries + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " 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href="maven-plugin.html"> + + + Maven Plugin + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter active" data-level="1.58" data-path="unit-testing.html"> + + <a href="unit-testing.html"> + + + Unit Testing + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.59" data-path="perf-tuning.html"> + + <a href="perf-tuning.html"> + + + Troubleshooting and Performance Tuning + + </a> + + + + </li> + + <li class="chapter " data-level="1.60" data-path="configuration-index.html"> + + <a href="configuration-index.html"> + + + Configuration Reference + + </a> + + + + </li> + + + + + <li class="divider"></li> + + <li> + <a href="https://www.gitbook.com"; target="blank" class="gitbook-link"> + Published with GitBook + </a> + </li> +</ul> + + + </nav> + + + </div> + + <div class="book-body"> + + <div class="body-inner"> + + + +<div class="book-header" role="navigation"> + + + <!-- Title --> + <h1> + <i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i> + <a href="." >Unit Testing</a> + </h1> +</div> + + + + + <div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main"> + <div class="page-inner"> + +<div id="book-search-results"> + <div class="search-noresults"> + + <section class="normal markdown-section"> + + <h1 id="unit-testing">Unit Testing</h1> +<p>The package <code>artemis-junit</code> provides tools to facilitate how to run Artemis resources inside Junit Tests.</p> +<p>These are provided as junit rules and can make it easier to embed Messaging functionality on your tests.</p> +<h2 id="example">Example</h2> +<h3 id="import-this-on-your-pomxml">Import this on your pom.xml</h3> +<pre><code class="lang-xml"><span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span> + <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span>org.apache.activemq<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>></span> + <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span>artemis-junit<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>></span> + <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- replace this for the version you are using --></span> + <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span>1.5.0<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">version</span>></span> + <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-name">scope</span>></span>test<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">scope</span>></span> +<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>></span> +</code></pre> +<h3 id="declare-a-rule-on-your-junit-test">Declare a rule on your JUnit Test</h3> +<pre><code class="lang-java"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> org.apache.activemq.artemis.junit.EmbeddedJMSResource; +<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> org.junit.Rule; +<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> org.junit.Test; + +<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">MyTest</span> </span>{ + + <span class="hljs-meta">@Rule</span> + <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> EmbeddedJMSResource resource = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> EmbeddedJMSResource(); + + <span class="hljs-meta">@Test</span> + <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">myTest</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span> </span>{ + + } +} +</code></pre> +<p>This will start a server that will be available for your test:</p> +<pre><code>ain] 17:00:16,644 INFO [org.apache.activemq.artemis.core.server] AMQ221000: live Message Broker is starting with configuration Broker Configuration (clustered=false,journalDirectory=data/journal,bindingsDirectory=data/bindings,largeMessagesDirectory=data/largemessages,pagingDirectory=data/paging) +[main] 17:00:16,666 INFO [org.apache.activemq.artemis.core.server] AMQ221045: libaio is not available, switching the configuration into NIO +[main] 17:00:16,688 INFO [org.apache.activemq.artemis.core.server] AMQ221043: Protocol module found: [artemis-server]. Adding protocol support for: CORE +[main] 17:00:16,801 INFO [org.apache.activemq.artemis.core.server] AMQ221007: Server is now live +[main] 17:00:16,801 INFO [org.apache.activemq.artemis.core.server] AMQ221001: Apache ActiveMQ Artemis Message Broker version 1.5.0-SNAPSHOT [embedded-jms-server, nodeID=39e78380-842c-11e6-9e43-f45c8992f3c7] +[main] 17:00:16,891 INFO [org.apache.activemq.artemis.core.server] AMQ221002: Apache ActiveMQ Artemis Message Broker version 1.5.0-SNAPSHOT [39e78380-842c-11e6-9e43-f45c8992f3c7] stopped, uptime 0.272 seconds +</code></pre><h3 id="ordering-rules">Ordering rules</h3> +<p>This is actually a Junit feature, but this could be helpful on pre-determining the order on which rules are executed. </p> +<pre><code class="lang-java"> ActiveMQDynamicProducerResource producer = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ActiveMQDynamicProducerResource(server.getVmURL()); + + <span class="hljs-meta">@Rule</span> + <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> RuleChain ruleChain = RuleChain.outerRule(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ThreadLeakCheckRule()).around(server).around(producer); +</code></pre> +<h3 id="available-rules">Available Rules</h3> +<table> +<thead> +<tr> +<th style="text-align:left">Name</th> +<th style="text-align:left">Description</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> +<td style="text-align:left">EmbeddedActiveMQResource</td> +<td style="text-align:left">It will run a Server, without the JMS manager </td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td style="text-align:left">EmbeddedJMSResource</td> +<td style="text-align:left">It will run a Server, including the JMS Manager</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td style="text-align:left">ActiveMQConsumerResource</td> +<td style="text-align:left">It will automate the creation of a consumer </td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td style="text-align:left">ActiveMQProducerResource</td> +<td style="text-align:left">It will automate the creation of a producer</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td style="text-align:left">ThreadLeakCheckRule</td> +<td style="text-align:left">It will check that all threads have been finished after the test is finished</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + + </section> + + </div> + <div class="search-results"> + <div class="has-results"> + + <h1 class="search-results-title"><span class='search-results-count'></span> results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1> + <ul class="search-results-list"></ul> + + </div> + <div class="no-results"> + + <h1 class="search-results-title">No results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1> + + </div> + </div> +</div> + + </div> + </div> + + </div> + + + + <a href="maven-plugin.html" class="navigation navigation-prev " aria-label="Previous page: Maven Plugin"> + <i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i> + </a> + + + <a href="perf-tuning.html" class="navigation navigation-next " aria-label="Next page: Troubleshooting and Performance Tuning"> + <i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i> + </a> + + + + </div> + + <script> + var gitbook = gitbook || []; 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