Lee-W commented on code in PR #74487:
URL: https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/74487#discussion_r4236863668


##########
providers/common/ai/tests/unit/common/ai/utils/test_sql_validation.py:
##########
@@ -614,3 +617,113 @@ def test_flags_dynamic_sql_as_unverifiable(self, sql, 
dialect):
         scan = collect_table_references(parse_sql(sql, dialect=dialect))
         assert scan.tables == []
         assert scan.unverifiable_sources
+
+
+# sqlglot has no upper bound in pyproject.toml, so an upstream rename, split 
or removal of an
+# ``exp`` class would otherwise make the read-only check silently stop 
recognising a write.
+# The tests below turn that drift into a CI failure; if one fails after a 
sqlglot bump, review
+# ``_DATA_MODIFYING_NODES`` / ``DEFAULT_ALLOWED_TYPES`` in 
``utils/sql_validation.py``.
+_DIALECTS = ["postgres", "mysql", "snowflake", "bigquery", "sqlite"]
+
+_WRITE_STATEMENTS = {
+    "insert": "INSERT INTO t (a) VALUES (1)",
+    "update": "UPDATE t SET a = 1",
+    "delete": "DELETE FROM t",
+    "merge": "MERGE INTO t USING s ON t.id = s.id WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET 
a = 1",
+    "drop": "DROP TABLE t",
+    "truncate": "TRUNCATE TABLE t",
+    "create": "CREATE TABLE t (id INT)",
+    "create_as_select": "CREATE TABLE t AS SELECT 1",
+    "alter": "ALTER TABLE t ADD COLUMN c INT",
+    "copy": "COPY t FROM '/tmp/x'",
+    "grant": "GRANT SELECT ON t TO u",
+    "cte_delete": "WITH d AS (DELETE FROM t RETURNING *) SELECT * FROM d",
+    "cte_insert": "WITH d AS (INSERT INTO t VALUES (1) RETURNING *) SELECT * 
FROM d",
+    "select_into": "SELECT * INTO n FROM t",
+}
+
+_READ_STATEMENTS = {
+    "select": "SELECT a FROM t",
+    "cte_select": "WITH c AS (SELECT 1 AS a) SELECT * FROM c",
+    "union_all": "SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2",
+}
+
+
+class TestSqlglotDriftTripwires:
+    """Fail loudly if a sqlglot upgrade silently changes what the read-only 
check recognises."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "node_type",
+        [*DEFAULT_ALLOWED_TYPES, *READ_ONLY_METADATA_TYPES, 
*_DATA_MODIFYING_NODES],
+        ids=lambda t: t.__name__,
+    )
+    def test_referenced_node_is_still_a_public_expression_class(self, 
node_type):
+        assert isinstance(node_type, type)
+        assert issubclass(node_type, exp.Expression), (
+            f"{node_type!r} is no longer an exp.Expression subclass; review 
utils/sql_validation.py"
+        )
+        assert getattr(exp, node_type.__name__, None) is node_type, (
+            f"exp.{node_type.__name__} no longer resolves to the class 
sql_validation.py references; "
+            "review utils/sql_validation.py"
+        )
+
+    def test_allowed_types_never_overlap_data_modifying_nodes(self):
+        """A write type slipping into the allow-list would bypass the 
statement-type check."""
+        for allowed in DEFAULT_ALLOWED_TYPES:
+            for denied in _DATA_MODIFYING_NODES:
+                assert not issubclass(allowed, denied), f"{allowed.__name__} 
is a kind of {denied.__name__}"
+                assert not issubclass(denied, allowed), f"{denied.__name__} is 
a kind of {allowed.__name__}"
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        ("sql", "node_type"),
+        [
+            (_WRITE_STATEMENTS["insert"], exp.Insert),
+            (_WRITE_STATEMENTS["update"], exp.Update),
+            (_WRITE_STATEMENTS["delete"], exp.Delete),
+            (_WRITE_STATEMENTS["merge"], exp.Merge),
+            (_WRITE_STATEMENTS["drop"], exp.Drop),
+            (_WRITE_STATEMENTS["truncate"], exp.TruncateTable),
+            (_WRITE_STATEMENTS["create"], exp.Create),
+            (_WRITE_STATEMENTS["alter"], exp.Alter),
+            (_WRITE_STATEMENTS["select_into"], exp.Into),
+        ],
+        ids=["insert", "update", "delete", "merge", "drop", "truncate", 
"create", "alter", "select_into"],
+    )
+    def test_write_statement_parses_to_a_denied_node(self, sql, node_type):
+        """sqlglot must keep producing the node class the deny-list names for 
each write."""
+        parsed = parse_sql(sql, dialect="postgres")
+        found = [n for stmt in parsed for n in stmt.walk() if isinstance(n, 
node_type)]
+        assert found, f"{sql!r} no longer parses to {node_type.__name__}; 
review _DATA_MODIFYING_NODES"
+        assert issubclass(node_type, _DATA_MODIFYING_NODES)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("sql", list(_READ_STATEMENTS.values()), 
ids=list(_READ_STATEMENTS))
+    def test_read_statement_parses_to_an_allowed_node(self, sql):
+        assert isinstance(parse_sql(sql, dialect="postgres")[0], 
DEFAULT_ALLOWED_TYPES)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("dialect", _DIALECTS)
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("sql", list(_WRITE_STATEMENTS.values()), 
ids=list(_WRITE_STATEMENTS))
+    def test_write_and_ddl_statements_rejected_in_every_dialect(self, sql, 
dialect):
+        with pytest.raises(SQLSafetyError):
+            validate_sql(sql, dialect=dialect)

Review Comment:
   Changed it into `@pytest.mark.parametrize("allow_read_only_metadata", 
[False, True])`, and each case pins the guard it must hit via `match=` — the 
top-level type check or the deep scan.
   
   * Added
        * `DESCRIBE ALTER` (postgres, mysql)
        * `EXPLAIN DELETE` (mysql)
   
   Dropping `exp.Alter` from `_DATA_MODIFYING_NODES` now fails the 
metadata-mode `DESCRIBE ALTER` cases.



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