uranusjr commented on code in PR #75184:
URL: https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/75184#discussion_r4439649591


##########
task-sdk/src/airflow/sdk/coordinators/_subprocess.py:
##########
@@ -604,6 +658,220 @@ def _handle_set_task_state_store(
                 )
         return super()._handle_set_task_state_store(msg, log, req_id)
 
+    def _monitor_subprocess(self):
+        try:
+            super()._monitor_subprocess()
+        finally:
+            self._stop_xcom_backend()
+
+    def _start_xcom_backend_call(
+        self, call: XComBackendCall, finish: Callable[[XComBackendResult], 
None]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Send ``call`` to the XCom backend process, which starts on the 
first call it handles."""
+        if self._xcom_backend is not None and not 
self._xcom_backend.can_run_a_call:
+            # The process has exited, so a call sent to it would wait for an 
answer that never comes.
+            self._stop_xcom_backend()
+        if self._xcom_backend is None:
+            self._xcom_backend = XComBackendProcess.start(
+                id=self.id,
+                client=self.client,
+                logger=self.process_log,
+                selector=self.selector,
+            )
+        self._xcom_backend.send_call(call, finish)
+
+    def _stop_xcom_backend(self) -> None:
+        """Stop the XCom backend process, so that the next call starts one 
that can answer it."""
+        if (backend := self._xcom_backend) is not None:
+            self._xcom_backend = None
+            backend.stop()
+
+    def _call_xcom_backend(
+        self,
+        call: XComBackendCall,
+        then: Callable[[XComBackendResult], RequestResult],
+        req_id: int,
+    ) -> ResponseSent:
+        """
+        Answer request ``req_id`` with ``then(result)`` once the XCom backend 
has run ``call``.
+
+        The request loop goes on servicing the task and the backend process 
while the call runs, so it
+        keeps heartbeating and stops the task when it reaches its 
``execution_timeout``. A call that
+        fails fails the request, so the runtime fails the task.
+        """
+
+        def finish(result: XComBackendResult) -> None:
+            try:
+                if result.error is not None:
+                    raise XComBackendError(result.error)
+                resp, dump_opts = then(result)
+            except Exception as e:
+                self.process_log.exception("Failed to handle the XCom backend 
result", request_id=req_id)
+                self.send_msg(None, request_id=req_id, 
error=_build_request_error(e))
+            else:
+                self.send_msg(resp, request_id=req_id, error=None, **dump_opts)
+
+        self._start_xcom_backend_call(call, finish)
+        return ResponseSent.ALREADY_SENT
+
+    def _run_xcom_backend_call(self, call: XComBackendCall) -> None:
+        """
+        Run ``call`` and wait for it, for a caller with no request loop to 
return to.
+
+        :raises XComBackendError: when the call fails or is not answered in 
time.
+        """
+        answer: list[XComBackendResult] = []
+        self._start_xcom_backend_call(call, answer.append)
+        deadline = time.monotonic() + _XCOM_BACKEND_CALL_TIMEOUT
+        # The task process has not been told to start, so servicing it here 
reads no request of its own.
+        while not answer and (now := time.monotonic()) < deadline:
+            self._service_subprocess(max_wait_time=deadline - now)
+        if not answer:
+            # The process is still running the call, and what it does next is 
unknown, so it is replaced.
+            self._stop_xcom_backend()
+            raise XComBackendError("The XCom backend did not answer in time")
+        if (error := answer[0].error) is not None:
+            raise XComBackendError(error)
+
+    def _handle_set_xcom(
+        self, msg: SetXCom, log: FilteringBoundLogger, req_id: int
+    ) -> RequestResult | ResponseSent:
+        xcom = _get_xcom_backend()
+        if not (is_stored_through_backend(msg.key) and not 
_is_extra_link(msg.key) and runs_in_helper(xcom)):
+            return handle_set_xcom(self.client, msg)
+        ti = cast("_OwnTaskInstance", self.ti)
+        if is_own_xcom(ti, msg.dag_id, msg.run_id, msg.task_id, 
msg.resolved_map_index):
+            coordinate = build_own_coordinate(ti)
+        else:
+            coordinate = XComCoordinate(msg.dag_id, msg.run_id, msg.task_id)
+        # A loop iteration has map index -1, unlike a mapped task. A mapped 
task inside a loop is not
+        # caught here because the supervisor does not parse the Dag, while 
Python rejects such a Dag
+        # when it is parsed.
+        if coordinate.region_id is not None and msg.resolved_map_index == -1 
and is_legacy_xcom_backend(xcom):
+            error = _build_request_error(build_loop_error(xcom, f"Task 
{msg.task_id!r}"))
+            self.send_msg(None, request_id=req_id, error=error)
+            return ResponseSent.ALREADY_SENT
+        return self._call_xcom_backend(
+            XComBackendCall.store(coordinate, msg.resolved_map_index, msg.key, 
msg.value),
+            lambda stored: handle_set_xcom(self.client, 
msg.model_copy(update={"value": stored.value})),
+            req_id,
+        )
+
+    def _handle_get_xcom(
+        self, msg: GetXCom, log: FilteringBoundLogger, req_id: int
+    ) -> RequestResult | ResponseSent:
+        result, dump_opts = handle_get_xcom(self.client, msg)
+        if not (isinstance(result, XComResult) and result.value is not None 
and _is_loaded_through_backend()):
+            return result, dump_opts
+        return self._call_xcom_backend(
+            XComBackendCall(hook="load", key=msg.key, value=result.value),
+            lambda loaded: (result.model_copy(update={"value": loaded.value}), 
dump_opts),
+            req_id,
+        )
+
+    def _handle_get_xcom_sequence_item(
+        self, msg: GetXComSequenceItem, log: FilteringBoundLogger, req_id: int
+    ) -> RequestResult | ResponseSent:
+        result, dump_opts = handle_get_xcom_sequence_item(self.client, msg)
+        if not (isinstance(result, XComSequenceIndexResult) and 
_is_loaded_through_backend()):
+            return result, dump_opts
+        return self._call_xcom_backend(
+            XComBackendCall(hook="load", key=msg.key, value=result.root),
+            lambda loaded: (XComSequenceIndexResult(root=loaded.value), 
dump_opts),
+            req_id,
+        )
+
+    def _handle_get_xcom_sequence_slice(
+        self, msg: GetXComSequenceSlice, log: FilteringBoundLogger, req_id: int
+    ) -> RequestResult | ResponseSent:
+        result, dump_opts = handle_get_xcom_sequence_slice(self.client, msg)
+        if not (isinstance(result, XComSequenceSliceResult) and result.root 
and _is_loaded_through_backend()):
+            return result, dump_opts
+        return self._call_xcom_backend(
+            XComBackendCall(hook="load_many", key=msg.key, value=result.root),
+            lambda loaded: (
+                XComSequenceSliceResult(root=cast("list[JsonValue]", 
loaded.value)),
+                dump_opts,
+            ),
+            req_id,
+        )
+
+    def _handle_delete_xcom(
+        self, msg: DeleteXCom, log: FilteringBoundLogger, req_id: int
+    ) -> RequestResult | ResponseSent:
+        result, purge = self._delete_xcom(msg)
+        if purge is None:
+            return result
+        # A failed purge fails the request, as it fails a Python task that 
calls XCom.delete.
+        return self._call_xcom_backend(purge, lambda _: result, req_id)
+
+    def _delete_xcom(self, msg: DeleteXCom) -> tuple[RequestResult, 
XComBackendCall | None]:
+        """
+        Delete an XCom, and return the call that purges it from the XCom 
backend as ``XCom.delete`` does.
+
+        The read is not guarded, for the same reason ``XCom.delete`` does not 
guard it: a row the
+        supervisor cannot read is a row it cannot purge, and silently skipping 
the purge would leave
+        the stored data behind without anything saying so.
+        """
+        if not runs_in_helper(_get_xcom_backend()):
+            return handle_delete_xcom(self.client, msg), None
+        row, _ = handle_get_xcom(
+            self.client,
+            GetXCom(
+                key=msg.key,
+                dag_id=msg.dag_id,
+                run_id=msg.run_id,
+                task_id=msg.task_id,
+                map_index=msg.map_index,
+            ),
+        )
+        result = handle_delete_xcom(self.client, msg)
+        if isinstance(row, XComResult) and row.value is not None:
+            return result, XComBackendCall(hook="purge", key=msg.key, 
value=row.value)
+        return result, None
+
+    _request_handlers: ClassVar[dict[type[BaseModel], RequestHandler[Any]]] = {
+        **ActivitySubprocess._request_handlers,
+        **dict(
+            [
+                register_request_method(DeleteXCom, _handle_delete_xcom),
+                register_request_method(GetXCom, _handle_get_xcom),
+                register_request_method(GetXComSequenceItem, 
_handle_get_xcom_sequence_item),
+                register_request_method(GetXComSequenceSlice, 
_handle_get_xcom_sequence_slice),
+                register_request_method(SetXCom, _handle_set_xcom),
+            ]
+        ),
+    }
+
+
+def _build_request_error(exc: Exception) -> ErrorResponse:
+    """Report ``exc`` to the runtime as an XCom backend failure rather than an 
API server one."""
+    return ErrorResponse(
+        error=ErrorType.XCOM_BACKEND_ERROR,
+        detail={"status_code": None, "message": str(exc), "exception_type": 
type(exc).__name__},
+    )
+
+
+def _get_xcom_backend() -> type[BaseXCom]:
+    # Lazy: resolving the configured backend imports it, which only a worker 
that runs a task needs.

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
   ```



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