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     new b004ec708 Multiple optimizer passes (#3880)
b004ec708 is described below

commit b004ec708ff72092ba614a31d8bd263f8edc239b
Author: Andy Grove <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Wed Oct 19 08:55:16 2022 -0600

    Multiple optimizer passes (#3880)
---
 benchmarks/expected-plans/q19.txt                |  6 +-
 datafusion/core/src/config.rs                    |  9 ++-
 datafusion/core/src/execution/context.rs         |  9 ++-
 datafusion/core/tests/sql/information_schema.rs  |  1 +
 datafusion/core/tests/sql/subqueries.rs          |  4 +-
 datafusion/optimizer/src/optimizer.rs            | 73 +++++++++++++++++-------
 datafusion/optimizer/src/projection_push_down.rs | 22 ++++++-
 docs/source/user-guide/configs.md                |  6 ++
 8 files changed, 99 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks/expected-plans/q19.txt 
b/benchmarks/expected-plans/q19.txt
index ff729db96..a8ce0e6c8 100644
--- a/benchmarks/expected-plans/q19.txt
+++ b/benchmarks/expected-plans/q19.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Projection: SUM(lineitem.l_extendedprice * Int64(1) - 
lineitem.l_discount) AS re
     Projection: lineitem.l_extendedprice, lineitem.l_discount
       Filter: part.p_brand = Utf8("Brand#12") AND part.p_container IN 
([Utf8("SM CASE"), Utf8("SM BOX"), Utf8("SM PACK"), Utf8("SM PKG")]) AND 
lineitem.l_quantity >= Decimal128(Some(100),15,2) AND lineitem.l_quantity <= 
Decimal128(Some(1100),15,2) AND part.p_size <= Int32(5) OR part.p_brand = 
Utf8("Brand#23") AND part.p_container IN ([Utf8("MED BAG"), Utf8("MED BOX"), 
Utf8("MED PKG"), Utf8("MED PACK")]) AND lineitem.l_quantity >= 
Decimal128(Some(1000),15,2) AND lineitem.l_quantity <= Dec [...]
         Inner Join: lineitem.l_partkey = part.p_partkey
-          Filter: lineitem.l_shipmode IN ([Utf8("AIR"), Utf8("AIR REG")]) AND 
lineitem.l_shipinstruct = Utf8("DELIVER IN PERSON") AND lineitem.l_quantity >= 
Decimal128(Some(100),15,2) AND lineitem.l_quantity <= 
Decimal128(Some(1100),15,2) OR lineitem.l_quantity >= 
Decimal128(Some(1000),15,2) AND lineitem.l_quantity <= 
Decimal128(Some(2000),15,2) OR lineitem.l_quantity >= 
Decimal128(Some(2000),15,2) AND lineitem.l_quantity <= 
Decimal128(Some(3000),15,2)
+          Filter: lineitem.l_quantity >= Decimal128(Some(100),15,2) AND 
lineitem.l_quantity <= Decimal128(Some(1100),15,2) OR lineitem.l_quantity >= 
Decimal128(Some(1000),15,2) AND lineitem.l_quantity <= 
Decimal128(Some(2000),15,2) OR lineitem.l_quantity >= 
Decimal128(Some(2000),15,2) AND lineitem.l_quantity <= 
Decimal128(Some(3000),15,2) AND lineitem.l_shipmode IN ([Utf8("AIR"), Utf8("AIR 
REG")]) AND lineitem.l_shipinstruct = Utf8("DELIVER IN PERSON")
             TableScan: lineitem projection=[l_partkey, l_quantity, 
l_extendedprice, l_discount, l_shipinstruct, l_shipmode]
-          Filter: part.p_size >= Int32(1) AND part.p_brand = Utf8("Brand#12") 
AND part.p_container IN ([Utf8("SM CASE"), Utf8("SM BOX"), Utf8("SM PACK"), 
Utf8("SM PKG")]) AND part.p_size <= Int32(5) OR part.p_brand = Utf8("Brand#23") 
AND part.p_container IN ([Utf8("MED BAG"), Utf8("MED BOX"), Utf8("MED PKG"), 
Utf8("MED PACK")]) AND part.p_size <= Int32(10) OR part.p_brand = 
Utf8("Brand#34") AND part.p_container IN ([Utf8("LG CASE"), Utf8("LG BOX"), 
Utf8("LG PACK"), Utf8("LG PKG")]) AND p [...]
-            TableScan: part projection=[p_partkey, p_brand, p_size, 
p_container]
+          Filter: part.p_brand = Utf8("Brand#12") AND part.p_container IN 
([Utf8("SM CASE"), Utf8("SM BOX"), Utf8("SM PACK"), Utf8("SM PKG")]) AND 
part.p_size <= Int32(5) OR part.p_brand = Utf8("Brand#23") AND part.p_container 
IN ([Utf8("MED BAG"), Utf8("MED BOX"), Utf8("MED PKG"), Utf8("MED PACK")]) AND 
part.p_size <= Int32(10) OR part.p_brand = Utf8("Brand#34") AND 
part.p_container IN ([Utf8("LG CASE"), Utf8("LG BOX"), Utf8("LG PACK"), 
Utf8("LG PKG")]) AND part.p_size <= Int32(15) AND  [...]
+            TableScan: part projection=[p_partkey, p_brand, p_size, 
p_container]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/datafusion/core/src/config.rs b/datafusion/core/src/config.rs
index b95c12d3b..e058f5c72 100644
--- a/datafusion/core/src/config.rs
+++ b/datafusion/core/src/config.rs
@@ -64,6 +64,9 @@ pub const OPT_PARQUET_ENABLE_PAGE_INDEX: &str =
 pub const OPT_OPTIMIZER_SKIP_FAILED_RULES: &str =
     "datafusion.optimizer.skip_failed_rules";
 
+/// Configuration option "datafusion.optimizer.max_passes"
+pub const OPT_OPTIMIZER_MAX_PASSES: &str = "datafusion.optimizer.max_passes";
+
 /// Definition of a configuration option
 pub struct ConfigDefinition {
     /// key used to identifier this configuration option
@@ -241,7 +244,11 @@ impl BuiltInConfigs {
                 rule. When set to false, any rules that produce errors will 
cause the query to fail.",
                 true
             ),
-            ]
+             ConfigDefinition::new_u64(
+                 OPT_OPTIMIZER_MAX_PASSES,
+                 "Number of times that the optimizer will attempt to optimize 
the plan",
+                 3
+             )]
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/datafusion/core/src/execution/context.rs 
b/datafusion/core/src/execution/context.rs
index c50f79426..f140ce1c3 100644
--- a/datafusion/core/src/execution/context.rs
+++ b/datafusion/core/src/execution/context.rs
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ use crate::physical_optimizer::repartition::Repartition;
 
 use crate::config::{
     ConfigOptions, OPT_BATCH_SIZE, OPT_COALESCE_BATCHES, 
OPT_COALESCE_TARGET_BATCH_SIZE,
-    OPT_FILTER_NULL_JOIN_KEYS, OPT_OPTIMIZER_SKIP_FAILED_RULES,
+    OPT_FILTER_NULL_JOIN_KEYS, OPT_OPTIMIZER_MAX_PASSES, 
OPT_OPTIMIZER_SKIP_FAILED_RULES,
 };
 use crate::datasource::file_format::file_type::{FileCompressionType, FileType};
 use crate::execution::{runtime_env::RuntimeEnv, FunctionRegistry};
@@ -1599,6 +1599,13 @@ impl SessionState {
                     .get_bool(OPT_OPTIMIZER_SKIP_FAILED_RULES)
                     .unwrap_or_default(),
             )
+            .with_max_passes(
+                self.config
+                    .config_options
+                    .read()
+                    .get_u64(OPT_OPTIMIZER_MAX_PASSES)
+                    .unwrap_or_default() as u8,
+            )
             .with_query_execution_start_time(
                 self.execution_props.query_execution_start_time,
             );
diff --git a/datafusion/core/tests/sql/information_schema.rs 
b/datafusion/core/tests/sql/information_schema.rs
index 873ead462..ce318e6c2 100644
--- a/datafusion/core/tests/sql/information_schema.rs
+++ b/datafusion/core/tests/sql/information_schema.rs
@@ -708,6 +708,7 @@ async fn show_all() {
         "| datafusion.explain.logical_plan_only            | false   |",
         "| datafusion.explain.physical_plan_only           | false   |",
         "| datafusion.optimizer.filter_null_join_keys      | false   |",
+        "| datafusion.optimizer.max_passes                 | 3       |",
         "| datafusion.optimizer.skip_failed_rules          | true    |",
         "+-------------------------------------------------+---------+",
     ];
diff --git a/datafusion/core/tests/sql/subqueries.rs 
b/datafusion/core/tests/sql/subqueries.rs
index fd25e95bb..803c24995 100644
--- a/datafusion/core/tests/sql/subqueries.rs
+++ b/datafusion/core/tests/sql/subqueries.rs
@@ -394,9 +394,9 @@ order by cntrycode;"#;
               Projection: AVG(customer.c_acctbal) AS __value, alias=__sq_1
                 Aggregate: groupBy=[[]], aggr=[[AVG(customer.c_acctbal)]]
                   Filter: customer.c_acctbal > Decimal128(Some(0),15,2) AND 
substr(customer.c_phone, Int64(1), Int64(2)) IN ([Utf8("13"), Utf8("31"), 
Utf8("23"), Utf8("29"), Utf8("30"), Utf8("18"), Utf8("17")])
-                    TableScan: customer projection=[c_phone, c_acctbal], 
partial_filters=[CAST(customer.c_acctbal AS Decimal128(30, 15)) > 
Decimal128(Some(0),30,15), substr(customer.c_phone, Int64(1), Int64(2)) IN 
([Utf8("13"), Utf8("31"), Utf8("23"), Utf8("29"), Utf8("30"), Utf8("18"), 
Utf8("17")])]"#
+                    TableScan: customer projection=[c_phone, c_acctbal], 
partial_filters=[CAST(customer.c_acctbal AS Decimal128(30, 15)) > 
Decimal128(Some(0),30,15), substr(customer.c_phone, Int64(1), Int64(2)) IN 
([Utf8("13"), Utf8("31"), Utf8("23"), Utf8("29"), Utf8("30"), Utf8("18"), 
Utf8("17")]), customer.c_acctbal > Decimal128(Some(0),15,2)]"#
         .to_string();
-    assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+    assert_eq!(expected, actual);
 
     // assert data
     let results = execute_to_batches(&ctx, sql).await;
diff --git a/datafusion/optimizer/src/optimizer.rs 
b/datafusion/optimizer/src/optimizer.rs
index 5052dc67e..976131e04 100644
--- a/datafusion/optimizer/src/optimizer.rs
+++ b/datafusion/optimizer/src/optimizer.rs
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ use datafusion_common::{DataFusionError, Result};
 use datafusion_expr::logical_plan::LogicalPlan;
 use log::{debug, trace, warn};
 use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Instant;
 
 /// `OptimizerRule` transforms one ['LogicalPlan'] into another which
 /// computes the same results, but in a potentially more efficient
@@ -71,6 +72,8 @@ pub struct OptimizerConfig {
     skip_failing_rules: bool,
     /// Specify whether to enable the filter_null_keys rule
     filter_null_keys: bool,
+    /// Maximum number of times to run optimizer against a plan
+    max_passes: u8,
 }
 
 impl OptimizerConfig {
@@ -81,6 +84,7 @@ impl OptimizerConfig {
             next_id: 0, // useful for generating things like unique subquery 
aliases
             skip_failing_rules: true,
             filter_null_keys: true,
+            max_passes: 3,
         }
     }
 
@@ -107,6 +111,12 @@ impl OptimizerConfig {
         self
     }
 
+    /// Specify how many times to attempt to optimize the plan
+    pub fn with_max_passes(mut self, v: u8) -> Self {
+        self.max_passes = v;
+        self
+    }
+
     /// Generate the next ID needed
     pub fn next_id(&mut self) -> usize {
         self.next_id += 1;
@@ -189,38 +199,57 @@ impl Optimizer {
     where
         F: FnMut(&LogicalPlan, &dyn OptimizerRule),
     {
+        let start_time = Instant::now();
+        let mut plan_str = format!("{}", plan.display_indent());
         let mut new_plan = plan.clone();
-        log_plan("Optimizer input", plan);
+        let mut i = 0;
+        while i < optimizer_config.max_passes {
+            log_plan(&format!("Optimizer input (pass {})", i), &new_plan);
 
-        for rule in &self.rules {
-            let result = rule.optimize(&new_plan, optimizer_config);
-            match result {
-                Ok(plan) => {
-                    new_plan = plan;
-                    observer(&new_plan, rule.as_ref());
-                    log_plan(rule.name(), &new_plan);
-                }
-                Err(ref e) => {
-                    if optimizer_config.skip_failing_rules {
-                        // Note to future readers: if you see this warning it 
signals a
-                        // bug in the DataFusion optimizer. Please consider 
filing a ticket
-                        // https://github.com/apache/arrow-datafusion
-                        warn!(
+            for rule in &self.rules {
+                let result = rule.optimize(&new_plan, optimizer_config);
+                match result {
+                    Ok(plan) => {
+                        new_plan = plan;
+                        observer(&new_plan, rule.as_ref());
+                        log_plan(rule.name(), &new_plan);
+                    }
+                    Err(ref e) => {
+                        if optimizer_config.skip_failing_rules {
+                            // Note to future readers: if you see this warning 
it signals a
+                            // bug in the DataFusion optimizer. Please 
consider filing a ticket
+                            // https://github.com/apache/arrow-datafusion
+                            warn!(
                             "Skipping optimizer rule '{}' due to unexpected 
error: {}",
                             rule.name(),
                             e
                         );
-                    } else {
-                        return Err(DataFusionError::Internal(format!(
-                            "Optimizer rule '{}' failed due to unexpected 
error: {}",
-                            rule.name(),
-                            e
-                        )));
+                        } else {
+                            return Err(DataFusionError::Internal(format!(
+                                "Optimizer rule '{}' failed due to unexpected 
error: {}",
+                                rule.name(),
+                                e
+                            )));
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
+            log_plan(&format!("Optimized plan (pass {})", i), &new_plan);
+
+            // TODO this is an expensive way to see if the optimizer did 
anything and
+            // it would be better to change the OptimizerRule trait to return 
an Option
+            // instead
+            let new_plan_str = format!("{}", new_plan.display_indent());
+            if plan_str == new_plan_str {
+                // plan did not change, so no need to continue trying to 
optimize
+                debug!("optimizer pass {} did not make changes", i);
+                break;
+            }
+            plan_str = new_plan_str;
+            i += 1;
         }
-        log_plan("Optimized plan", &new_plan);
+        log_plan("Final optimized plan", &new_plan);
+        debug!("Optimizer took {} ms", start_time.elapsed().as_millis());
         Ok(new_plan)
     }
 }
diff --git a/datafusion/optimizer/src/projection_push_down.rs 
b/datafusion/optimizer/src/projection_push_down.rs
index 9e61ccd6e..f6430b87a 100644
--- a/datafusion/optimizer/src/projection_push_down.rs
+++ b/datafusion/optimizer/src/projection_push_down.rs
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ fn optimize_plan(
     _optimizer_config: &OptimizerConfig,
 ) -> Result<LogicalPlan> {
     let mut new_required_columns = required_columns.clone();
-    match plan {
+    let new_plan = match plan {
         LogicalPlan::Projection(Projection {
             input,
             expr,
@@ -509,7 +509,25 @@ fn optimize_plan(
 
             from_plan(plan, &expr, &new_inputs)
         }
-    }
+    };
+
+    // when this rule is applied multiple times it will insert duplicate 
nested projections,
+    // so we catch this here
+    let with_dupe_projection_removed = match new_plan? {
+        LogicalPlan::Projection(p) => match p.input.as_ref() {
+            LogicalPlan::Projection(p2) if projection_equal(&p, p2) => {
+                LogicalPlan::Projection(p2.clone())
+            }
+            _ => LogicalPlan::Projection(p),
+        },
+        other => other,
+    };
+
+    Ok(with_dupe_projection_removed)
+}
+
+fn projection_equal(p: &Projection, p2: &Projection) -> bool {
+    p.expr.len() == p2.expr.len() && p.expr.iter().zip(&p2.expr).all(|(l, r)| 
l == r)
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/docs/source/user-guide/configs.md 
b/docs/source/user-guide/configs.md
index 079cdacd1..2404131da 100644
--- a/docs/source/user-guide/configs.md
+++ b/docs/source/user-guide/configs.md
@@ -40,9 +40,15 @@ Environment variables are read during `SessionConfig` 
initialisation so they mus
 | datafusion.execution.batch_size                 | UInt64  | 8192    | 
Default batch size while creating new batches, it's especially useful for 
buffer-in-memory batches since creating tiny batches would results in too much 
metadata memory consumption.                                                    
                                                                                
                                     |
 | datafusion.execution.coalesce_batches           | Boolean | true    | When 
set to true, record batches will be examined between each operator and small 
batches will be coalesced into larger batches. This is helpful when there are 
highly selective filters or joins that could produce tiny output batches. The 
target batch size is determined by the configuration setting 
'datafusion.execution.coalesce_target_batch_size'. |
 | datafusion.execution.coalesce_target_batch_size | UInt64  | 4096    | Target 
batch size when coalescing batches. Uses in conjunction with the configuration 
setting 'datafusion.execution.coalesce_batches'.                                
                                                                                
                                                                                
                        |
+| datafusion.execution.parquet.enable_page_index  | Boolean | false   | If 
true, uses parquet data page level metadata (Page Index) statistics to reduce 
the number of rows decoded.                                                     
                                                                                
                                                                                
                             |
+| datafusion.execution.parquet.pushdown_filters   | Boolean | false   | If 
true, filter expressions are be applied during the parquet decoding operation 
to reduce the number of rows decoded.                                           
                                                                                
                                                                                
                             |
+| datafusion.execution.parquet.reorder_filters    | Boolean | false   | If 
true, filter expressions evaluated during the parquet decoding opearation will 
be reordered heuristically to minimize the cost of evaluation. If false, the 
filters are applied in the same order as written in the query.                  
                                                                                
                               |
+| datafusion.execution.time_zone                  | Utf8    | UTC     | The 
session time zone which some function require e.g. EXTRACT(HOUR from SOME_TIME) 
shift the underline datetime according to the time zone,                        
                                                                                
                                                                                
                          |
+| then extract the hour.                          |
 | datafusion.execution.time_zone                  | Utf8    | UTC     | The 
session time zone which some function require e.g. EXTRACT(HOUR from SOME_TIME) 
shift the underline datetime according to the time zone,                        
                                                                                
                                                                                
                          |
 | then extract the hour                           |
 | datafusion.explain.logical_plan_only            | Boolean | false   | When 
set to true, the explain statement will only print logical plans.               
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                                                
                         |
 | datafusion.explain.physical_plan_only           | Boolean | false   | When 
set to true, the explain statement will only print physical plans.              
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                                                
                         |
 | datafusion.optimizer.filter_null_join_keys      | Boolean | false   | When 
set to true, the optimizer will insert filters before a join between a nullable 
and non-nullable column to filter out nulls on the nullable side. This filter 
can add additional overhead when the file format does not fully support 
predicate push down.                                                            
                                   |
+| datafusion.optimizer.max_passes                 | UInt64  | 3       | Number 
of times that the optimizer will attempt to optimize the plan                   
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                                                
                       |
 | datafusion.optimizer.skip_failed_rules          | Boolean | true    | When 
set to true, the logical plan optimizer will produce warning messages if any 
optimization rules produce errors and then proceed to the next rule. When set 
to false, any rules that produce errors will cause the query to fail.           
                                                                                
                              |

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