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The following commit(s) were added to refs/heads/main by this push:
     new 96725b787a60 CAMEL-25905: camel-file - the checksum of 
checksumFileAlgorithm is calculated from the bytes written to the file (#28429)
96725b787a60 is described below

commit 96725b787a6076489f5eced72f66e8633df3153a
Author: allthingssecurity <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Sun Oct 25 13:01:09 2026 +0530

    CAMEL-25905: camel-file - the checksum of checksumFileAlgorithm is 
calculated from the bytes written to the file (#28429)
    
    Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <[email protected]>
    Signed-off-by: Claus Ibsen <[email protected]>
---
 .../camel/component/file/FileOperations.java       | 77 +++++++++++--------
 .../FileProducerChecksumOfWrittenFileTest.java     | 88 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 .../ROOT/pages/camel-4x-upgrade-guide-4_24.adoc    | 11 +++
 3 files changed, 143 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-)

diff --git 
a/components/camel-file/src/main/java/org/apache/camel/component/file/FileOperations.java
 
b/components/camel-file/src/main/java/org/apache/camel/component/file/FileOperations.java
index 9d3d2395c1d6..2d99e5f682db 100644
--- 
a/components/camel-file/src/main/java/org/apache/camel/component/file/FileOperations.java
+++ 
b/components/camel-file/src/main/java/org/apache/camel/component/file/FileOperations.java
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
 import java.io.Reader;
 import java.io.Writer;
 import java.nio.Buffer;
@@ -29,13 +31,14 @@ import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.SeekableByteChannel;
 import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.nio.charset.CharsetEncoder;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
 import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
 import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission;
 import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermissions;
-import java.security.DigestInputStream;
+import java.security.DigestOutputStream;
 import java.security.MessageDigest;
 import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 import java.util.Date;
@@ -346,31 +349,26 @@ public class FileOperations implements 
GenericFileOperations<File> {
                 }
             }
 
-            // if we use checksum them we need to use an input stream to 
calculate while writing the file
-            DigestInputStream dis = null;
+            // the checksum is calculated from the bytes written to the file, 
which are not the bytes of the body
+            // when they are encoded with the charset of the endpoint or 
followed by the appendChars
+            MessageDigest digest = null;
             if (endpoint.getChecksumFileAlgorithm() != null) {
-                MessageDigest digest = 
MessageDigest.getInstance(endpoint.getChecksumFileAlgorithm());
-                // prefer FileInputStream over general stream
-                InputStream is = 
exchange.getMessage().getBody(FileInputStream.class);
-                if (is == null) {
-                    is = mandatoryBodyStream(exchange, exchange.getMessage(), 
file);
-                }
-                dis = new DigestInputStream(is, digest);
+                digest = 
MessageDigest.getInstance(endpoint.getChecksumFileAlgorithm());
             }
             if (charset != null) {
                 // charset configured so we must use a reader so we can write
                 // with encoding
-                handleReaderAsFileSource(exchange, file, charset, dis);
-            } else if (dis == null && exchange.getIn().getBody() instanceof 
String) {
+                handleReaderAsFileSource(exchange, file, charset, digest);
+            } else if (digest == null && exchange.getIn().getBody() instanceof 
String) {
                 // If the body is a string, write it directly
                 handleStringAsFileSource(exchange, file);
             } else {
                 // fallback and use stream based
-                handleStreamAsFileSource(exchange, file, dis);
+                handleStreamAsFileSource(exchange, file, digest);
             }
 
-            if (dis != null) {
-                String hash = 
StringHelper.bytesToHex(dis.getMessageDigest().digest());
+            if (digest != null) {
+                String hash = StringHelper.bytesToHex(digest.digest());
                 exchange.getMessage().setHeader(FileConstants.FILE_CHECKSUM, 
hash);
             }
 
@@ -423,12 +421,17 @@ public class FileOperations implements 
GenericFileOperations<File> {
         return true;
     }
 
-    private void handleStreamAsFileSource(Exchange exchange, File file, 
InputStream is)
+    private void handleStreamAsFileSource(Exchange exchange, File file, 
MessageDigest digest)
             throws InvalidPayloadException, IOException {
+        InputStream is = null;
+        if (digest != null) {
+            // prefer FileInputStream over general stream
+            is = exchange.getMessage().getBody(FileInputStream.class);
+        }
         if (is == null) {
             is = mandatoryBodyStream(exchange, exchange.getIn(), file);
         }
-        writeFileByStream(is, file);
+        writeFileByStream(is, file, digest);
     }
 
     private void handleStringAsFileSource(Exchange exchange, File file) throws 
IOException {
@@ -436,24 +439,18 @@ public class FileOperations implements 
GenericFileOperations<File> {
         writeFileByString(stringBody, file);
     }
 
-    private void handleReaderAsFileSource(Exchange exchange, File file, String 
charset, InputStream is)
+    private void handleReaderAsFileSource(Exchange exchange, File file, String 
charset, MessageDigest digest)
             throws InvalidPayloadException, IOException {
-        Reader in = null;
-        if (is == null) {
-            in = 
exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter().tryConvertTo(Reader.class, exchange,
-                    exchange.getIn().getBody());
-        }
+        Reader in = 
exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter().tryConvertTo(Reader.class, exchange,
+                exchange.getIn().getBody());
         if (in == null) {
             // okay no direct reader conversion, so use an input stream
             // (which a lot can be converted as)
-            if (is == null) {
-                is = mandatoryBodyStream(exchange, exchange.getIn(), file);
-            }
-            in = new InputStreamReader(is);
+            in = new InputStreamReader(mandatoryBodyStream(exchange, 
exchange.getIn(), file));
         }
         // buffer the reader
         in = IOHelper.buffered(in);
-        writeFileByReaderWithCharset(in, file, charset);
+        writeFileByReaderWithCharset(in, file, charset, digest);
     }
 
     private boolean handleFileAsFileSource(Exchange exchange, File file, File 
source) throws IOException {
@@ -597,7 +594,7 @@ public class FileOperations implements 
GenericFileOperations<File> {
         }
     }
 
-    private void writeFileByStream(InputStream in, File target) throws 
IOException {
+    private void writeFileByStream(InputStream in, File target, MessageDigest 
digest) throws IOException {
         try (SeekableByteChannel out = prepareOutputFileChannel(target)) {
             LOG.debug("Using InputStream to write file: {}", target);
             int size = endpoint.getBufferSize();
@@ -610,12 +607,19 @@ public class FileOperations implements 
GenericFileOperations<File> {
                 }
                 out.write(byteBuffer);
                 ((Buffer) byteBuffer).clear();
+                if (digest != null) {
+                    digest.update(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
+                }
             }
 
             boolean append = endpoint.getFileExist() == 
GenericFileExist.Append;
             if (append && endpoint.getAppendChars() != null) {
-                byteBuffer = 
ByteBuffer.wrap(endpoint.getAppendChars().getBytes());
+                byte[] appendBytes = endpoint.getAppendChars().getBytes();
+                byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(appendBytes);
                 out.write(byteBuffer);
+                if (digest != null) {
+                    digest.update(appendBytes);
+                }
                 Buffer buf = byteBuffer;
                 buf.clear();
             }
@@ -624,10 +628,17 @@ public class FileOperations implements 
GenericFileOperations<File> {
         }
     }
 
-    private void writeFileByReaderWithCharset(Reader in, File target, String 
charset) throws IOException {
+    private void writeFileByReaderWithCharset(Reader in, File target, String 
charset, MessageDigest digest)
+            throws IOException {
         boolean append = endpoint.getFileExist() == GenericFileExist.Append;
-        try (Writer out = Files.newBufferedWriter(target.toPath(), 
Charset.forName(charset), StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
-                append ? StandardOpenOption.APPEND : 
StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING, StandardOpenOption.CREATE)) {
+        // an encoder that reports characters the charset cannot encode, as 
Files.newBufferedWriter does
+        CharsetEncoder encoder = Charset.forName(charset).newEncoder();
+        OutputStream os = Files.newOutputStream(target.toPath(), 
StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                append ? StandardOpenOption.APPEND : 
StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING, StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
+        if (digest != null) {
+            os = new DigestOutputStream(os, digest);
+        }
+        try (Writer out = IOHelper.buffered(new OutputStreamWriter(os, 
encoder))) {
             LOG.debug("Using Reader to write file: {} with charset: {}", 
target, charset);
             int size = endpoint.getBufferSize();
             IOHelper.copy(in, out, size);
diff --git 
a/core/camel-core/src/test/java/org/apache/camel/component/file/FileProducerChecksumOfWrittenFileTest.java
 
b/core/camel-core/src/test/java/org/apache/camel/component/file/FileProducerChecksumOfWrittenFileTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..68e29b381ebb
--- /dev/null
+++ 
b/core/camel-core/src/test/java/org/apache/camel/component/file/FileProducerChecksumOfWrittenFileTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.camel.component.file;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+
+import org.apache.camel.ContextTestSupport;
+import org.apache.camel.Exchange;
+import org.apache.camel.util.StringHelper;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+/**
+ * The checksum of checksumFileAlgorithm is the checksum of the file that has 
been written, also when the producer
+ * encodes the body with its charset or adds the appendChars, and adding a 
checksum does not change how the body is
+ * decoded.
+ */
+class FileProducerChecksumOfWrittenFileTest extends ContextTestSupport {
+
+    private static final String TEXT = "Grüße aus Köln";
+
+    private String sha256OfFile(String name) throws Exception {
+        byte[] data = Files.readAllBytes(testFile(name));
+        return 
StringHelper.bytesToHex(MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256").digest(data));
+    }
+
+    private String checksumFile(String name) throws Exception {
+        return Files.readString(testFile(name + ".sha256"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void transcodedFileHasItsOwnChecksumAndContent() throws Exception {
+        // the bytes of an ISO-8859-1 file, as a file consumer with 
charset=ISO-8859-1 hands them over
+        Exchange out = 
template.request(fileUri("?charset=UTF-8&checksumFileAlgorithm=sha256"), 
exchange -> {
+            exchange.setProperty(Exchange.CHARSET_NAME, "ISO-8859-1");
+            exchange.getIn().setHeader(Exchange.FILE_NAME, "transcoded.txt");
+            
exchange.getIn().setBody(TEXT.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1));
+        });
+
+        assertArrayEquals(TEXT.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), 
Files.readAllBytes(testFile("transcoded.txt")));
+        assertEquals(sha256OfFile("transcoded.txt"), 
checksumFile("transcoded.txt"));
+        assertEquals(sha256OfFile("transcoded.txt"), 
out.getMessage().getHeader(FileConstants.FILE_CHECKSUM));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void stringWrittenWithCharsetHasTheChecksumOfTheFile() throws Exception {
+        
template.sendBodyAndHeader(fileUri("?charset=ISO-8859-1&checksumFileAlgorithm=sha256"),
 TEXT,
+                Exchange.FILE_NAME, "latin1.txt");
+
+        assertArrayEquals(TEXT.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1), 
Files.readAllBytes(testFile("latin1.txt")));
+        assertEquals(sha256OfFile("latin1.txt"), checksumFile("latin1.txt"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void appendCharsArePartOfTheChecksum() throws Exception {
+        
template.sendBodyAndHeader(fileUri("?fileExist=Append&appendChars=\\n&checksumFileAlgorithm=sha256"),
+                "Hello World", Exchange.FILE_NAME, "appended.txt");
+
+        assertEquals("Hello World\n", 
Files.readString(testFile("appended.txt")));
+        assertEquals(sha256OfFile("appended.txt"), 
checksumFile("appended.txt"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void bodyWithoutCharsetKeepsItsChecksum() throws Exception {
+        template.sendBodyAndHeader(fileUri("?checksumFileAlgorithm=sha256"), 
TEXT, Exchange.FILE_NAME, "plain.txt");
+
+        assertArrayEquals(TEXT.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), 
Files.readAllBytes(testFile("plain.txt")));
+        assertEquals(sha256OfFile("plain.txt"), checksumFile("plain.txt"));
+    }
+}
diff --git 
a/docs/user-manual/modules/ROOT/pages/camel-4x-upgrade-guide-4_24.adoc 
b/docs/user-manual/modules/ROOT/pages/camel-4x-upgrade-guide-4_24.adoc
index 597f745d7393..7d2ae9d195d6 100644
--- a/docs/user-manual/modules/ROOT/pages/camel-4x-upgrade-guide-4_24.adoc
+++ b/docs/user-manual/modules/ROOT/pages/camel-4x-upgrade-guide-4_24.adoc
@@ -328,6 +328,17 @@ The generated Endpoint DSL header accessors on the Swift 
`HeaderNameBuilder` are
 `openstackSwiftVersionsLocation()`, `xContainerRead()` -> 
`openstackSwiftContainerRead()`, `xContainerWrite()` ->
 `openstackSwiftContainerWrite()`).
 
+=== camel-file - the checksum of checksumFileAlgorithm is the checksum of the 
written file
+
+With `checksumFileAlgorithm`, the file producer calculated the checksum from 
the body before it was written. With
+`charset` set, it also decoded that body with the default charset of the JVM 
instead of the charset of the exchange.
+So with `charset`, the checksum (the `CamelFileChecksum` header and the 
checksum file) did not match the written file
+as soon as the encoding changed a byte, a body read with another charset (such 
as the bytes of a file consumed with
+`charset=ISO-8859-1`) was written with its non-ASCII characters replaced, and 
a String body could fail with an
+`UnmappableCharacterException`; with `fileExist=Append` and `appendChars`, the 
checksum left out the appended
+characters. The checksum is now calculated from the bytes written to the file, 
and the body is decoded as it is
+without `checksumFileAlgorithm`. Checksums of such files differ from the ones 
written before.
+
 === camel-pqc - an unknown hybridKdfAlgorithm is rejected
 
 The hybrid KEM operations now fail with an `IllegalArgumentException` when 
`hybridKdfAlgorithm` is not one of

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