gnodet-bot commented on code in PR #29489:
URL: https://github.com/apache/camel/pull/29489#discussion_r4541289738


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components/camel-azure/camel-azure-iothub/src/test/java/org/apache/camel/component/azure/iothub/client/DeviceClientPoolTest.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.camel.component.azure.iothub.client;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+
+import com.microsoft.azure.sdk.iot.device.ConnectionStatusChangeContext;
+import com.microsoft.azure.sdk.iot.device.DeviceClient;
+import com.microsoft.azure.sdk.iot.device.IotHubClientProtocol;
+import com.microsoft.azure.sdk.iot.device.IotHubConnectionStatusChangeCallback;
+import com.microsoft.azure.sdk.iot.device.IotHubConnectionStatusChangeReason;
+import com.microsoft.azure.sdk.iot.device.transport.IotHubConnectionStatus;
+import org.awaitility.Awaitility;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertSame;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+class DeviceClientPoolTest {
+
+    private static final String CS = "HostName=h;DeviceId=d;SharedAccessKey=k";
+
+    @Test
+    void testLeaseInUseIsReusedAndReleased() throws Exception {
+        DeviceClient client = mock(DeviceClient.class);
+        DeviceClientPool pool = new DeviceClientPool(Duration.ofMinutes(5), 
Duration.ofSeconds(30));
+        pool.setDeviceClientFactory((cs, protocol) -> client);
+
+        try (DeviceClientPool.Lease first = pool.lease("d", CS, 
IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT)) {
+            assertSame(client, first.getClient());
+            assertEquals(1, pool.getActiveClientCount());
+
+            try (DeviceClientPool.Lease second = pool.lease("d", CS, 
IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT)) {
+                assertSame(client, second.getClient());
+                assertEquals(1, pool.getActiveClientCount());
+            }
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(1, pool.getActiveClientCount());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testConcurrentFirstAcquireCreatesSingleClient() throws Exception {
+        DeviceClient client = mock(DeviceClient.class);
+        AtomicInteger created = new AtomicInteger();
+        CountDownLatch factoryStarted = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        CountDownLatch releaseFactory = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        DeviceClientPool pool = new DeviceClientPool(Duration.ofMinutes(5), 
Duration.ofSeconds(30));
+        pool.setDeviceClientFactory((cs, protocol) -> {
+            created.incrementAndGet();
+            factoryStarted.countDown();
+            try {
+                assertTrue(releaseFactory.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS), "factory 
should be released after both tasks start");
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            }
+            return client;
+        });
+
+        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
+        List<DeviceClientPool.Lease> leases = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<Future<?>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            futures.add(executor.submit(() -> {
+                DeviceClientPool.Lease lease = pool.lease("d", CS, 
IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT);
+                synchronized (leases) {
+                    leases.add(lease);
+                }
+                return null;
+            }));
+        }
+
+        assertTrue(factoryStarted.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS), "one thread 
should open the first client");
+        releaseFactory.countDown();
+        executor.shutdown();
+        assertTrue(executor.awaitTermination(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS), "worker 
tasks did not finish");
+        for (Future<?> future : futures) {
+            future.get();
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(1, created.get(), "only one client should be created for 
first acquire");
+        assertEquals(1, pool.getActiveClientCount());
+        for (DeviceClientPool.Lease lease : leases) {
+            lease.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testGetOrCreateCreatesOnceAndReuses() throws Exception {
+        AtomicInteger created = new AtomicInteger();
+        DeviceClient client = mock(DeviceClient.class);
+
+        DeviceClientPool pool = new DeviceClientPool(Duration.ofMinutes(5), 
Duration.ofSeconds(30));
+        pool.setDeviceClientFactory((cs, protocol) -> {
+            created.incrementAndGet();
+            return client;
+        });
+
+        DeviceClient first = pool.getOrCreate("d", CS, 
IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT);
+        DeviceClient second = pool.getOrCreate("d", CS, 
IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT);
+
+        assertSame(client, first);
+        assertSame(first, second);
+        assertEquals(1, created.get(), "client should be created once and 
reused");
+        assertEquals(1, pool.getActiveClientCount());
+        verify(client, times(1)).open(true);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testRejectsMismatchedDeviceId() {
+        DeviceClientPool pool = new DeviceClientPool(Duration.ofMinutes(5), 
Duration.ofSeconds(30));
+        pool.setDeviceClientFactory((cs, protocol) -> 
mock(DeviceClient.class));
+
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> 
pool.getOrCreate("dev1", CS, IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testRemoveClosesClient() throws Exception {
+        DeviceClient client = mock(DeviceClient.class);
+        DeviceClientPool pool = new DeviceClientPool(Duration.ofMinutes(5), 
Duration.ofSeconds(30));
+        pool.setDeviceClientFactory((cs, protocol) -> client);
+
+        pool.getOrCreate("d", CS, IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT);
+        pool.remove("d");
+
+        assertEquals(0, pool.getActiveClientCount());
+        verify(client, times(1)).close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testShutdownClosesAllAndBlocksCreation() throws Exception {
+        DeviceClient client = mock(DeviceClient.class);
+        DeviceClientPool pool = new DeviceClientPool(Duration.ofMinutes(5), 
Duration.ofSeconds(30));
+        pool.setDeviceClientFactory((cs, protocol) -> client);
+
+        pool.getOrCreate("d", CS, IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT);
+        pool.shutdown();
+
+        assertEquals(0, pool.getActiveClientCount());
+        verify(client, times(1)).close();
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> pool.getOrCreate("d", 
CS, IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testIdleClientsAreEvicted() throws Exception {
+        DeviceClient client = mock(DeviceClient.class);
+        AtomicLong clock = new AtomicLong(0);
+
+        DeviceClientPool pool = new DeviceClientPool(Duration.ofMillis(10), 
Duration.ofMillis(20));
+        pool.setDeviceClientFactory((cs, protocol) -> client);
+        pool.setNowMillisSupplier(clock::get);
+        pool.start();
+        try {
+            pool.getOrCreate("d", CS, IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT);
+            assertEquals(1, pool.getActiveClientCount());
+
+            clock.set(10_000);
+            Awaitility.await().atMost(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS).until(() -> 
pool.getActiveClientCount() == 0);
+            assertEquals(0, pool.getActiveClientCount(), "idle client should 
have been evicted");
+            verify(client, Mockito.atLeastOnce()).close();
+        } finally {
+            pool.shutdown();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCreationFailurePropagates() {
+        DeviceClientPool pool = new DeviceClientPool(Duration.ofMinutes(5), 
Duration.ofSeconds(30));
+        pool.setDeviceClientFactory((cs, protocol) -> {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("bad connection string");
+        });
+
+        assertThrows(RuntimeException.class, () -> pool.getOrCreate("d", CS, 
IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT));
+        assertEquals(0, pool.getActiveClientCount());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCreationErrorCompletesFutureForWaiters() throws Exception {
+        DeviceClientPool pool = new DeviceClientPool(Duration.ofMinutes(5), 
Duration.ofSeconds(30));
+        CountDownLatch factoryStarted = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        CountDownLatch waiterReady = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        CountDownLatch allowFactoryToThrow = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        AtomicReference<Throwable> creatorFailure = new AtomicReference<>();
+        AtomicReference<Throwable> waiterFailure = new AtomicReference<>();
+
+        pool.setDeviceClientFactory((cs, protocol) -> {
+            factoryStarted.countDown();
+            try {
+                if (!allowFactoryToThrow.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+                    throw new IllegalStateException("factory should be 
released after the waiter starts");
+                }
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                throw new IllegalStateException("factory interrupted while 
waiting to fail", e);
+            }
+            throw new NoClassDefFoundError("missing Azure SDK transitive");
+        });
+
+        Thread creator = new Thread(() -> {
+            try {
+                pool.getOrCreate("d", CS, IotHubClientProtocol.MQTT);
+            } catch (Throwable t) {
+                creatorFailure.set(t);
+            }
+        }, "device-client-pool-creator");
+
+        Thread waiter = new Thread(() -> {
+            waiterReady.countDown();

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **Minor test robustness gap**
   
   `waiterReady.countDown()` fires *before* `pool.getOrCreate()` is called on 
the waiter thread. A scheduler preemption in that window could cause the waiter 
to create its own client rather than piggyback on the in-flight creation future 
— meaning this test would validate error propagation via the direct-creation 
path instead of the future-sharing path.
   
   In practice this is vanishingly unlikely: the factory is blocked on 
`allowFactoryToThrow` while the waiter starts, so the in-flight future is 
almost certainly still active when the waiter enters `getOrCreate()`. But a 
second `CountDownLatch` signalled from *inside* `getOrCreate()` (before the 
pool lock is released) would make the synchronisation deterministic. Not 
blocking — noting for completeness.



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