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headline">¶</a></h1> +<p>This document describes the Cassandra Query Language (CQL) <a class="footnote-reference" href="#id2" id="id1">[1]</a>. Note that this document describes the last version of +the languages. However, the <a class="reference external" href="#changes">changes</a> section provides the diff between the different versions of CQL.</p> +<p>CQL offers a model close to SQL in the sense that data is put in <em>tables</em> containing <em>rows</em> of <em>columns</em>. For +that reason, when used in this document, these terms (tables, rows and columns) have the same definition than they have +in SQL. But please note that as such, they do <strong>not</strong> refer to the concept of rows and columns found in the deprecated +thrift API (and earlier version 1 and 2 of CQL).</p> +<div class="toctree-wrapper compound"> +<ul> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html">Definitions</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#conventions">Conventions</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#identifiers">Identifiers and keywords</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#constants">Constants</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#terms">Terms</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#comments">Comments</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#statements">Statements</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#prepared-statements">Prepared Statements</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="types.html">Data Types</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="types.html#native-types">Native Types</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="types.html#working-with-timestamps">Working with timestamps</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="types.html#working-with-dates">Working with dates</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="types.html#working-with-times">Working with times</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="types.html#collections">Collections</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="types.html#user-defined-types">User-Defined Types</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="types.html#tuples">Tuples</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="types.html#custom-types">Custom Types</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html">Data Definition</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#common-definitions">Common definitions</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#create-keyspace">CREATE KEYSPACE</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#use">USE</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#alter-keyspace">ALTER KEYSPACE</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#drop-keyspace">DROP KEYSPACE</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#create-table">CREATE TABLE</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#alter-table">ALTER TABLE</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#drop-table">DROP TABLE</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#truncate">TRUNCATE</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="dml.html">Data Manipulation</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dml.html#select">SELECT</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dml.html#insert">INSERT</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dml.html#update">UPDATE</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dml.html#delete">DELETE</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dml.html#batch">BATCH</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="indexes.html">Secondary Indexes</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="indexes.html#create-index">CREATE INDEX</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="indexes.html#drop-index">DROP INDEX</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="mvs.html">Materialized Views</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="mvs.html#create-materialized-view">CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="mvs.html#alter-materialized-view">ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="mvs.html#drop-materialized-view">DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html">Security</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#database-roles">Database Roles</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#users">Users</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#data-control">Data Control</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="functions.html">Functions</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#scalar-functions">Scalar functions</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#aggregate-functions">Aggregate functions</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="json.html">JSON Support</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="json.html#select-json">SELECT JSON</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="json.html#insert-json">INSERT JSON</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="json.html#json-encoding-of-cassandra-data-types">JSON Encoding of Cassandra Data Types</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="json.html#the-fromjson-function">The fromJson() Function</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="json.html#the-tojson-function">The toJson() Function</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="triggers.html">Triggers</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="triggers.html#create-trigger">CREATE TRIGGER</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="triggers.html#drop-trigger">DROP TRIGGER</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="appendices.html">Appendices</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="appendices.html#appendix-a-cql-keywords">Appendix A: CQL Keywords</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="appendices.html#appendix-b-cql-reserved-types">Appendix B: CQL Reserved Types</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html">Changes</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id1">3.4.3</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id2">3.4.2</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id3">3.4.1</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id4">3.4.0</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id5">3.3.1</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id6">3.3.0</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id7">3.2.0</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id8">3.1.7</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id9">3.1.6</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id10">3.1.5</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id11">3.1.4</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id12">3.1.3</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id13">3.1.2</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id14">3.1.1</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id15">3.1.0</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id16">3.0.5</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id17">3.0.4</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id18">3.0.3</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id19">3.0.2</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#id20">3.0.1</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changes.html#versioning">Versioning</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" 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</div> + </div> + </div> + <div class="col-md-8"> + <div class="content doc-content"> + <div class="container"> + + <div class="section" id="secondary-indexes"> +<span id="id1"></span><h1>Secondary Indexes<a class="headerlink" href="#secondary-indexes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> +<p>CQL supports creating secondary indexes on tables, allowing queries on the table to use those indexes. A secondary index +is identified by a name defined by:</p> +<pre> +<strong id="grammar-token-index_name">index_name</strong> ::= re('[a-zA-Z_0-9]+') +</pre> +<div class="section" id="create-index"> +<span id="create-index-statement"></span><h2>CREATE INDEX<a class="headerlink" href="#create-index" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>Creating a secondary index on a table uses the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CREATE</span> <span class="pre">INDEX</span></code> statement:</p> +<pre> +<strong id="grammar-token-create_index_statement">create_index_statement</strong> ::= CREATE [ CUSTOM ] INDEX [ IF NOT EXISTS ] [ <a class="reference internal" href="#grammar-token-index_name"><code class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">index_name</span></code></a> ] + ON <a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#grammar-token-table_name"><code class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">table_name</span></code></a> '(' <a class="reference internal" href="#grammar-token-index_identifier"><code class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">index_identifier</span></code></a> ')' + [ USING <a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#grammar-token-string"><code class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">string</span></code></a> [ WITH OPTIONS = <a class="reference internal" href="types.html#grammar-token-map_literal"><code class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">map_literal</span></code></a> ] ] +<strong id="grammar-token-index_identifier">index_identifier </strong> ::= <a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#grammar-token-column_name"><code class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_name</span></code></a> + | ( KEYS | VALUES | ENTRIES | FULL ) '(' <a class="reference internal" href="ddl.html#grammar-token-column_name"><code class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_name</span></code></a> ')' +</pre> +<p>For instance:</p> +<div class="highlight-cql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">INDEX</span> <span class="n">userIndex</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="n">NerdMovies</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">user</span><span class="p">);</span> +<span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">INDEX</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="n">Mutants</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">abilityId</span><span class="p">);</span> +<span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">INDEX</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="k">users</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">keys</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">favs</span><span class="p">));</span> +<span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">CUSTOM</span> <span class="k">INDEX</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="k">users</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">USING</span> <span class="s1">'path.to.the.IndexClass'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">CUSTOM</span> <span class="k">INDEX</span> <span class="k">ON</span> <span class="k">users</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">USING</span> <span class="s1">'path.to.the.IndexClass'</span> <span class="k">WITH</span> <span class="k">OPTIONS</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">'storage'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'/mnt/ssd/indexes/'</span><span class="p">};</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CREATE</span> <span class="pre">INDEX</span></code> statement is used to create a new (automatic) secondary index for a given (existing) column in a +given table. A name for the index itself can be specified before the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ON</span></code> keyword, if desired. If data already exists +for the column, it will be indexed asynchronously. After the index is created, new data for the column is indexed +automatically at insertion time.</p> +<p>Attempting to create an already existing index will return an error unless the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IF</span> <span class="pre">NOT</span> <span class="pre">EXISTS</span></code> option is used. If it +is used, the statement will be a no-op if the index already exists.</p> +<div class="section" id="indexes-on-map-keys"> +<h3>Indexes on Map Keys<a class="headerlink" href="#indexes-on-map-keys" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<p>When creating an index on a <a class="reference internal" href="types.html#maps"><span class="std std-ref">maps</span></a>, you may index either the keys or the values. If the column identifier is +placed within the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keys()</span></code> function, the index will be on the map keys, allowing you to use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CONTAINS</span> <span class="pre">KEY</span></code> in +<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WHERE</span></code> clauses. Otherwise, the index will be on the map values.</p> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="drop-index"> +<span id="drop-index-statement"></span><h2>DROP INDEX<a class="headerlink" href="#drop-index" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>Dropping a secondary index uses the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DROP</span> <span class="pre">INDEX</span></code> statement:</p> +<pre> +<strong id="grammar-token-drop_index_statement">drop_index_statement</strong> ::= DROP INDEX [ IF EXISTS ] <a class="reference internal" href="#grammar-token-index_name"><code class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">index_name</span></code></a> +</pre> +<p>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DROP</span> <span class="pre">INDEX</span></code> statement is used to drop an existing secondary index. The argument of the statement is the index +name, which may optionally specify the keyspace of the index.</p> +<p>If the index does not exists, the statement will return an error, unless <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IF</span> <span class="pre">EXISTS</span></code> is used in which case the +operation is a no-op.</p> +</div> +</div> + + + + + <div class="doc-prev-next-links" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> + + <a href="mvs.html" class="btn btn-default pull-right " role="button" title="Materialized Views" accesskey="n">Next <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> + + + <a href="dml.html" class="btn btn-default" role="button" title="Data Manipulation" accesskey="p"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> Previous</a> + + </div> + + </div> + </div> + </div> + <div class="col-md-2"> + </div> + </div> +</div> + + <footer> + <div class="container"> + <div class="col-md-4 social-blk"> + <span class="social"> + <a href="https://twitter.com/cassandra"; + class="twitter-follow-button" + data-show-count="false" data-size="large">Follow @cassandra</a> + <script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)?'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs');</script> + <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?button_hashtag=cassandra"; + class="twitter-hashtag-button" + data-size="large" + data-related="ApacheCassandra">Tweet #cassandra</a> + <script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)?'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs');</script> + </span> + </div> + + <div class="col-md-8 trademark"> + <p>© 2016 <a href="http://apache.org";>The Apache Software Foundation</a>. + Apache, the Apache feather logo, and Apache Cassandra are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + <p> + </div> + </div><!-- /.container --> +</footer> + +<!-- Javascript. 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This support does not fundamentally alter the CQL API (for example, the schema is still enforced), it simply +provides a convenient way to work with JSON documents.</p> +<div class="section" id="select-json"> +<h2>SELECT JSON<a class="headerlink" href="#select-json" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>With <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span></code> statements, the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> keyword can be used to return each row as a single <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> encoded map. The +remainder of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span></code> statement behavior is the same.</p> +<p>The result map keys are the same as the column names in a normal result set. For example, a statement like <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span> <span class="pre">JSON</span> +<span class="pre">a,</span> <span class="pre">ttl(b)</span> <span class="pre">FROM</span> <span class="pre">...</span></code> would result in a map with keys <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"a"</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"ttl(b)"</span></code>. However, this is one notable exception: +for symmetry with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INSERT</span> <span class="pre">JSON</span></code> behavior, case-sensitive column names with upper-case letters will be surrounded with +double quotes. For example, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span> <span class="pre">JSON</span> <span class="pre">myColumn</span> <span class="pre">FROM</span> <span class="pre">...</span></code> would result in a map key <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"\"myColumn\""</span></code> (note the +escaped quotes).</p> +<p>The map values will <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code>-encoded representations (as described below) of the result set values.</p> +</div> +<div class="section" id="insert-json"> +<h2>INSERT JSON<a class="headerlink" href="#insert-json" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>With <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INSERT</span></code> statements, the new <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> keyword can be used to enable inserting a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> encoded map as a single +row. The format of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> map should generally match that returned by a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span> <span class="pre">JSON</span></code> statement on the same +table. In particular, case-sensitive column names should be surrounded with double quotes. For example, to insert into a +table with two columns named “myKey” and “value”, you would do the following:</p> +<div class="highlight-cql"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">INSERT</span> <span class="k">INTO</span> <span class="n">mytable</span> <span class="k">JSON</span> <span class="s1">'{ "\"myKey\"": 0, "value": 0}'</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>By default (or if <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span> <span class="pre">NULL</span></code> is explicitly used), a column omitted from the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> map will be set to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>, +meaning that any pre-existing value for that column will be removed (resulting in a tombstone being created). +Alternatively, if the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span> <span class="pre">UNSET</span></code> directive is used after the value, omitted column values will be left unset, +meaning that pre-existing values for those column will be preserved.</p> +</div> +<div class="section" id="json-encoding-of-cassandra-data-types"> +<h2>JSON Encoding of Cassandra Data Types<a class="headerlink" href="#json-encoding-of-cassandra-data-types" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>Where possible, Cassandra will represent and accept data types in their native <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> representation. Cassandra will +also accept string representations matching the CQL literal format for all single-field types. For example, floats, +ints, UUIDs, and dates can be represented by CQL literal strings. However, compound types, such as collections, tuples, +and user-defined types must be represented by native <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> collections (maps and lists) or a JSON-encoded string +representation of the collection.</p> +<p>The following table describes the encodings that Cassandra will accept in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INSERT</span> <span class="pre">JSON</span></code> values (and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fromJson()</span></code> +arguments) as well as the format Cassandra will use when returning data for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span> <span class="pre">JSON</span></code> statements (and +<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fromJson()</span></code>):</p> +<table border="1" class="docutils"> +<colgroup> +<col width="13%" /> +<col width="21%" /> +<col width="13%" /> +<col width="54%" /> +</colgroup> +<thead valign="bottom"> +<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Type</th> +<th class="head">Formats accepted</th> +<th class="head">Return format</th> +<th class="head">Notes</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody valign="top"> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ascii</span></code></td> +<td>string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>Uses JSON’s <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\u</span></code> character escape</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bigint</span></code></td> +<td>integer, string</td> +<td>integer</td> +<td>String must be valid 64 bit integer</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blob</span></code></td> +<td>string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>String should be 0x followed by an even number of hex digits</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boolean</span></code></td> +<td>boolean, string</td> +<td>boolean</td> +<td>String must be “true” or “false”</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">date</span></code></td> +<td>string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>Date in format <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">YYYY-MM-DD</span></code>, timezone UTC</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">decimal</span></code></td> +<td>integer, float, string</td> +<td>float</td> +<td>May exceed 32 or 64-bit IEEE-754 floating point precision in +client-side decoder</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">double</span></code></td> +<td>integer, float, string</td> +<td>float</td> +<td>String must be valid integer or float</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">float</span></code></td> +<td>integer, float, string</td> +<td>float</td> +<td>String must be valid integer or float</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">inet</span></code></td> +<td>string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>IPv4 or IPv6 address</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">int</span></code></td> +<td>integer, string</td> +<td>integer</td> +<td>String must be valid 32 bit integer</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">list</span></code></td> +<td>list, string</td> +<td>list</td> +<td>Uses JSON’s native list representation</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">map</span></code></td> +<td>map, string</td> +<td>map</td> +<td>Uses JSON’s native map representation</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">smallint</span></code></td> +<td>integer, string</td> +<td>integer</td> +<td>String must be valid 16 bit integer</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set</span></code></td> +<td>list, string</td> +<td>list</td> +<td>Uses JSON’s native list representation</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">text</span></code></td> +<td>string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>Uses JSON’s <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\u</span></code> character escape</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">time</span></code></td> +<td>string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>Time of day in format <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">HH-MM-SS[.fffffffff]</span></code></td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">timestamp</span></code></td> +<td>integer, string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>A timestamp. Strings constant allows to input <a class="reference internal" href="types.html#timestamps"><span class="std std-ref">timestamps +as dates</span></a>. Datestamps with format <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">YYYY-MM-DD</span> +<span class="pre">HH:MM:SS.SSS</span></code> are returned.</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">timeuuid</span></code></td> +<td>string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>Type 1 UUID. See <a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#grammar-token-constant"><code class="xref std std-token docutils literal"><span class="pre">constant</span></code></a> for the UUID format</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tinyint</span></code></td> +<td>integer, string</td> +<td>integer</td> +<td>String must be valid 8 bit integer</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tuple</span></code></td> +<td>list, string</td> +<td>list</td> +<td>Uses JSON’s native list representation</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UDT</span></code></td> +<td>map, string</td> +<td>map</td> +<td>Uses JSON’s native map representation with field names as keys</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">uuid</span></code></td> +<td>string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>See <a class="reference internal" href="definitions.html#grammar-token-constant"><code class="xref std std-token docutils literal"><span class="pre">constant</span></code></a> for the UUID format</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">varchar</span></code></td> +<td>string</td> +<td>string</td> +<td>Uses JSON’s <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\u</span></code> character escape</td> +</tr> +<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">varint</span></code></td> +<td>integer, string</td> +<td>integer</td> +<td>Variable length; may overflow 32 or 64 bit integers in +client-side decoder</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> +</div> +<div class="section" id="the-fromjson-function"> +<h2>The fromJson() Function<a class="headerlink" href="#the-fromjson-function" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fromJson()</span></code> function may be used similarly to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INSERT</span> <span class="pre">JSON</span></code>, but for a single column value. It may only be used +in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">VALUES</span></code> clause of an <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INSERT</span></code> statement or as one of the column values in an <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UPDATE</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DELETE</span></code>, or +<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span></code> statement. For example, it cannot be used in the selection clause of a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span></code> statement.</p> +</div> +<div class="section" id="the-tojson-function"> +<h2>The toJson() Function<a class="headerlink" href="#the-tojson-function" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">toJson()</span></code> function may be used similarly to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span> <span class="pre">JSON</span></code>, but for a single column value. It may only be used +in the selection clause of a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SELECT</span></code> statement.</p> +</div> +</div> + + + + + <div class="doc-prev-next-links" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> + + <a href="triggers.html" class="btn btn-default pull-right " role="button" title="Triggers" accesskey="n">Next <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> + + + <a href="functions.html" class="btn btn-default" role="button" title="Functions" accesskey="p"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> Previous</a> + + </div> + + </div> + </div> + </div> + <div class="col-md-2"> + </div> + </div> +</div> + + <footer> + <div class="container"> + <div class="col-md-4 social-blk"> + <span class="social"> + <a href="https://twitter.com/cassandra"; + class="twitter-follow-button" + data-show-count="false" data-size="large">Follow @cassandra</a> + <script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)?'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs');</script> + <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?button_hashtag=cassandra"; + class="twitter-hashtag-button" + data-size="large" + data-related="ApacheCassandra">Tweet #cassandra</a> + <script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)?'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs');</script> + </span> + </div> + + <div class="col-md-8 trademark"> + <p>© 2016 <a href="http://apache.org";>The Apache Software Foundation</a>. + Apache, the Apache feather logo, and Apache Cassandra are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + <p> + </div> + </div><!-- /.container --> +</footer> + +<!-- Javascript. 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