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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-15700?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=17078557#comment-17078557
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Aleksey Yeschenko commented on CASSANDRA-15700:
-----------------------------------------------

I'll take a look soonish.

> Performance regression on internode messaging
> ---------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: CASSANDRA-15700
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-15700
>             Project: Cassandra
>          Issue Type: Bug
>          Components: Messaging/Internode
>            Reporter: Sergio Bossa
>            Assignee: Sergio Bossa
>            Priority: Normal
>             Fix For: 4.0-beta
>
>         Attachments: Oss40patchedvsOss311.png, Oss40vsOss311.png, oss40.gc, 
> oss40_nogc.tar.xz, oss40_system.log
>
>
> Me and [~jasonstack] have been investigating a performance regression 
> affecting 4.0 during a 3 nodes, RF 3 write throughput test with a timeseries 
> like workload, as shown in this plot, where blue is 3.11 and orange is 4.0:
> !Oss40vsOss311.png|width=389,height=214!
>  It's been a bit of a long investigation, but two clues ended up standing out:
> 1) An abnormal number of expired messages on 4.0 (as shown in the attached  
> system log), while 3.11 has almost none.
> 2) An abnormal GC activity (as shown in the attached gc log).
> Turns out the two are related, as the [on expired 
> callback|https://github.com/apache/cassandra/blob/trunk/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundConnection.java#L462]
>  creates a huge amount of strings in the {{id()}} call. The next question is 
> what causes all those message expirations; we thoroughly reviewed the 
> internode messaging code and the only issue we could find so far is related 
> to the "batch pruning" calls 
> [here|https://github.com/apache/cassandra/blob/trunk/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundMessageQueue.java#L81]
>  and 
> [here|https://github.com/apache/cassandra/blob/trunk/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundMessageQueue.java#L188]:
>  it _seems_ too much time is spent on those, causing the event loop to fall 
> behind in processing the rest of the messages, which will end up being 
> expired. This is supported by the analysis of the collapsed stacks (after 
> fixing the GC issue):
> {noformat}
> (tprint (top-aggregated-calls oss40nogc "EventLoopDelivery:doRun" 5))
> org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundConnection$EventLoopDelivery:doRun 3456
> org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundMessageQueue:access$600 1621
> org/apache/cassandra/net/PrunableArrayQueue:prune 1621
> org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundMessageQueue$WithLock:close 1621
> org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundMessageQueue:pruneInternalQueueWithLock 1620
> {noformat}
> Those are the top 5 sampled calls from {{EventLoopDelivery#doRun()}} which 
> spends half of its time pruning. But only a tiny portion of such pruning time 
> is spent actually expiring:
> {noformat}
> (tprint (top-aggregated-calls oss40nogc 
> "OutboundMessageQueue:pruneInternalQueueWithLock" 5))
> org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundMessageQueue:pruneInternalQueueWithLock 1900
> org/apache/cassandra/net/PrunableArrayQueue:prune 1894
> org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundMessageQueue$1Pruner:onPruned 147
> org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundConnection$$Lambda$444/740904487:accept 147
> org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundConnection:onExpired 147
> {noformat}
> And indeed, the {{PrunableArrayQueue:prune()}} self time is dominant:
> {noformat}
> (tprint (top-self-calls oss40nogc "PrunableArrayQueue:prune" 5))
> org/apache/cassandra/net/PrunableArrayQueue:prune 1718
> org/apache/cassandra/net/OutboundConnection:releaseCapacity 27
> java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap:replaceNode 19
> java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentLinkedQueue:offer 16
> java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingQueue:offer 15
> {noformat}
> That said, before proceeding with a PR to fix those issues, I'd like to 
> understand: what's the reason to prune so often, rather than just when 
> polling the message during delivery? If there's a reason I'm missing, let's 
> talk about how to optimize pruning, otherwise let's get rid of that.



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