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new 2ef3eda8e5 Blog: preview Apache Cloudberry 2.2 (#398)
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commit 2ef3eda8e5a2869243f7335c041d775c40d8e860
Author: Dianjin Wang <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Fri Sep 11 15:52:31 2026 +0800
Blog: preview Apache Cloudberry 2.2 (#398)
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+---
+slug: "apache-cloudberry-2.2.0-preview"
+title: "Previewing Apache Cloudberry (Incubating) 2.2.0"
+description: "A preview of key changes in the current Apache Cloudberry 2.2.0
release candidates across the core database, PXF, Backup, and the newly
released Go libraries."
+authors: [asfcloudberry]
+tags: [Release]
+image: /img/blog/202609-cloudberry2.2.png
+---
+
+:::note
+Apache Cloudberry 2.2.0 has not been officially released yet. This post
highlights several changes included in the current release candidates. Final
contents may still change before the release is approved.
+:::
+
+Apache Cloudberry (Incubating) 2.2.0 is the widest release the project has cut
so far. Alongside the core database, this cycle publishes coordinated releases
of Apache Cloudberry PXF, Apache Cloudberry Backup, and, for the first time,
Apache Cloudberry Go Libs.
+
+This article is a preview rather than an official release announcement, so it
focuses on the changes users and developers are most likely to notice instead
of a complete changelog.
+
+## Apache Cloudberry Core (`apache/cloudberry`)
+
+### Tracking upstream PostgreSQL: 14.4 to 14.9
+
+The single most consequential change in 2.2.0 is not a feature. It is a change
in posture.
+
+Cloudberry now actively tracks upstream PostgreSQL 14 minor releases,
absorbing the optimizations, fixes, and hardening that come with each one. The
kernel has moved from PostgreSQL 14.4 to 14.9 in this release, and the work
continues one minor version at a time until PostgreSQL 14 reaches the end of
its upstream life.
+
+This is an ongoing, reviewable effort rather than a one-time jump. If you want
to help, the tracking board is open: https://github.com/orgs/apache/projects/572
+
+Special thanks to our Cloudberry PPMC member
[@reshke](https://github.com/reshke) for the sustained effort that made this
possible.
+
+### Six new extensions
+
+2.2.0 significantly expands what ships in the tree. Several extensions have
been introduced by community members, adapted for Apache Cloudberry.
+
+- **`diskquota`** (`gpcontrib/diskquota`) enforces disk usage limits on
database objects. It supports quota limits per schema and per role within a
database, implemented as a soft limit: a query targeting an over-quota schema
or role is rejected before it starts, and a query that crosses the limit while
running is cancelled. This is a legacy extension from the official Greenplum
Database project, distributed under the PostgreSQL license, now brought forward
to PostgreSQL 14 and Cloudberr [...]
+
+- **`gp_stats_collector`** (`gpcontrib/gp_stats_collector`) collects query
execution metrics and reports them to an external agent over a Unix domain
socket. It captures the query lifecycle, `EXPLAIN` and `EXPLAIN ANALYZE`
output, and instrument, system, network, interconnect, and spill metrics, all
governed by `gpsc.*` GUCs. This is the extension the forthcoming Cloudberry
Command Center consumes. Enable it with `--with-gp-stats-collector`.
+
+- **`gp_relsizes_stats`** (`gpcontrib/gp_relsizes_stats`) calculates and
stores statistics on file and table sizes and on space occupied on coordinator
and segment host disks. A background worker collects on a configurable
schedule, with per-database and per-file nap times so the load can be spread
over time. It is built and installed by default.
+
+- **`reject_partition_fullscan`** (`gpcontrib/reject_partition_fullscan`)
rejects queries against partitioned tables that prune no partitions, which is a
common way for a missing `WHERE` clause on the partition key to turn into a
very expensive query. Two user-settable GUCs control it:
`reject_partition_fullscan` and `partition_fullscan_threshold`. Both the
PostgreSQL planner and ORCA dynamic scan paths are handled. It is built and
installed by default; load it through `shared_preload_li [...]
+
+- **`try_convert`** (`contrib/try_convert`) adds error-safe type casts, in the
spirit of SQL Server's `TRY_CAST`. A failed cast returns a default value
instead of aborting the statement. Casting from `hstore` and `citext` is
supported via `add_type_for_try_convert()`. It is built and installed by
default.
+
+- **`yezzey`** (`gpcontrib/yezzey`) is included as a submodule at version
1.8.11, and offloads AO/AOCO table data to S3-compatible object storage for
tiered storage workloads. Enable it with `--with-yezzey`.
+
+### Query processing and observability
+
+- **Interconnect statistics views.** A new `interconnect` extension exposes
cumulative counters from the UDPIFC interconnect protocol through three views:
`gp_interconnect_stats` for the whole cluster,
`gp_interconnect_stats_per_segment`, and `gp_interconnect_stats_per_host`. This
makes interconnect behaviour observable with plain SQL rather than log scraping.
+- **Intra-segment parallel table scan in ORCA.** ORCA can now generate
worker-level parallel scans within a segment, with parallel-safety checks, cost
model integration, and DXL serialization. Worker count follows
`max_parallel_workers_per_gather`. This requires `enable_parallel`, which is
off by default.
+- **Parallel Hash Full Join and Right Join.** Two join shapes that previously
forced serial execution across all segments can now run in parallel, with the
distributed planner taught to carry worker counts through the `HashedOJ` locus
a full outer join produces. Also gated on `enable_parallel`.
+- **AQUMV for multi-table joins.** Answer-Query-Using-Materialized-Views now
supports exact matches for multi-table join queries, including matview status
maintenance. Enable it with `enable_answer_query_using_materialized_views`,
which is off by default.
+
+Beyond these, the cycle carries a long list of correctness fixes in ORCA, PAX
storage, append-optimized vacuum, the UDP interconnect, `pg_dump` and
`pg_dumpall` upgrade paths from Greenplum 5, 6, and 7, and cluster utilities
such as `gpexpand`.
+
+### Platform coverage, packaging, and developer experience
+
+Release engineering received as much attention as the kernel this cycle.
+
+- **Rocky Linux 10 and Ubuntu 24.04 are now supported; Ubuntu 20.04 is
dropped.** The supported platform set for 2.2.0 is Rocky Linux 8, 9, and 10 and
Ubuntu 22.04 and 24.04. If you are still on Ubuntu 20.04, plan an upgrade
before moving to 2.2.0.
+- **Wider CI coverage behind that.** 2.1.0 gated on Rocky Linux 9 and Ubuntu
22.04; 2.2.0 builds and tests on all five supported platforms. New development
images are published as `apache/incubator-cloudberry:cbdb-build-rocky8-latest`,
`apache/incubator-cloudberry:cbdb-build-rocky10-latest`, and
`apache/incubator-cloudberry:cbdb-build-ubuntu24.04-latest`.
+- **Two workflows instead of many.** The per-OS test workflows have been
consolidated into one matrix-driven Rocky Linux workflow and one matrix-driven
Ubuntu workflow. Adding the next OS version is now a matrix entry rather than a
new file, and every day-to-day change is validated across all supported
versions.
+- **Automated DEB and RPM builds.** A convenience package workflow lets the
release manager produce packages for x86_64 and ARM64 across the supported
operating systems, starting from a verified ASF source release tarball with
signature and checksum validation built in.
+- **Relocatable RPMs with major-version coexistence.** RPM packages can now be
installed to a custom location with `rpm --prefix`, and the package name
carries the major version, so multiple Cloudberry major versions can live side
by side under one prefix.
+- **Python build dependencies on modern distributions.** Building with
`--with-pythonsrc-ext` now works where Python is externally managed, such as
Ubuntu 24.04, and the packages can be pre-staged with `make -C gpMgmt/bin
download-python-deps`. Build prerequisites changed for 2.2.0, so check the
updated build documentation before you configure.
+- **macOS build portability.** A series of fixes to PAX, the UDP interconnect,
and shared-library linking make the source tree considerably friendlier to
build on macOS for local development.
+
+### Security fixes
+
+For anyone running Cloudberry in production, this is the most concrete reason
to plan an upgrade. 2.2.0 carries 41 CVE fixes that 2.1.0 does not, covering
privilege-escalation checks, memory-safety hardening across the parser, regex
engine, text search and `pgcrypto`, injection paths in `pg_dump` and `psql`,
and a path traversal in `pg_basebackup` and `pg_rewind`.
+
+- **2026:** CVE-2026-2003, CVE-2026-2004, CVE-2026-2005, CVE-2026-2006,
CVE-2026-6464, CVE-2026-6470, CVE-2026-6472, CVE-2026-6473, CVE-2026-6474,
CVE-2026-6475, CVE-2026-6477, CVE-2026-6478, CVE-2026-6479, CVE-2026-6637,
CVE-2026-14662, CVE-2026-14663, CVE-2026-14664, CVE-2026-14666, CVE-2026-14668,
CVE-2026-14669, CVE-2026-14677, CVE-2026-14678, CVE-2026-14679, CVE-2026-15741,
CVE-2026-16239, CVE-2026-16241, CVE-2026-18408
+- **2025:** CVE-2025-1094, CVE-2025-4207, CVE-2025-8713, CVE-2025-8714,
CVE-2025-8715, CVE-2025-12817, CVE-2025-12818
+- **2024:** CVE-2024-4317, CVE-2024-7348, CVE-2024-10976, CVE-2024-10977,
CVE-2024-10979
+- **2023 and earlier:** CVE-2023-5870, CVE-2022-2625
+
+Note the dates: most of these advisories postdate PostgreSQL 14.9 and arrived
as targeted cherry-picks rather than through the version merge. That is the
practical point of the kernel work described above. The project no longer has
to wait for a full version upgrade to ship a security fix, and a few of the
fixes from the PostgreSQL 14.5 to 14.9 releases had already landed in 2.1.0.
The list above is the delta against 2.1.0, taken from the release candidate's
commit history.
+
+For the full picture, see the [core branch
comparison](https://github.com/apache/cloudberry/compare/2.1.0-incubating...2.2.0-incubating-rc1).
+
+## Apache Cloudberry PXF (`apache/cloudberry-pxf`)
+
+### See and control what PXF is doing
+
+The headline addition is observability that DBAs have wanted for years.
`pxf_stat_activity` shows what is running inside the PXF server, one row per
active operation, with segment id, session id, command count, transaction id,
operation, user, server, profile, schema, table, data source, and start time.
Two companion functions, `pxf_cancel_backend` and `pxf_interrupt_backend`, let
you stop a runaway external-table query without restarting PXF.
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM pxf_stat_activity;
+```
+
+Server-side logging is easier to correlate too: `gp_session_id` and
`gp_command_count` are now added to the logging MDC, so PXF log lines can be
tied back to the Cloudberry session that produced them.
+
+### Java, toolchain, and dependencies
+
+- **Java 17 support**, with Gradle upgraded to 8.14.4. PXF now builds and
passes its test suite on Java 8, 11, 17, and 21; CI's default build JDK is Java
11. Artifacts are still compiled to Java 8 bytecode, so existing Java 8
deployments keep running unchanged. PXF 3.0 is expected to raise the minimum to
Java 11 as a step toward the Hadoop 3.x migration, with Java 17 discussed as a
later target. That work is in review and does not affect 2.2.0, but 2.2.0 is
the right release to plan your [...]
+- **Go toolchain moved to 1.25** for the PXF CLI.
+- **Log4j is at 2.25.4** and **HBase at 2.5.15**. Whether to drop HBase
support in PXF 3.0 is currently under community discussion.
+- Other dependencies including `golang.org/x/crypto` and `tomcat-embed-core`
were refreshed to clear security advisories.
+
+The PXF 3.0 direction, including the Java 11 minimum, Spring Boot and Hadoop
library upgrades, and which legacy connectors to retire, is being planned in
the open in
[cloudberry-pxf#131](https://github.com/apache/cloudberry-pxf/issues/131).
+
+### Testing and connectors
+
+Connector testing has expanded substantially, with Testcontainers-based suites
now covering ClickHouse, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server over JDBC, plus S3.
CI gained Rocky Linux 9 and Rocky Linux 10 environments, and a convenience
package build workflow now produces PXF packages the same way the core project
does.
+
+There are functional gains as well: Parquet UUID types can be read and
written, and filter pushdown now works for numeric columns compared against
integer constants.
+
+Finally, **PXF documentation has moved to the Cloudberry website** and is now
browsable at https://cloudberry.apache.org/pxf/
+
+For more detail, see the [PXF branch
comparison](https://github.com/apache/cloudberry-pxf/compare/2.1.0-incubating...2.2.0-incubating-rc1).
+
+## Apache Cloudberry Backup (`apache/cloudberry-backup`)
+
+Two new commands ship in 2.2.0.
+
+**`gpbackman`** manages the backups that `gpbackup` creates, working directly
against the `gpbackup_history.db` SQLite history database. It can display
backup information and reports, delete a specific backup or every backup older
than a time condition, from local storage or through storage plugins, clean
deleted backups out of the history database, and synchronize the cluster
history database to the standby coordinator either manually or automatically
after a deletion. This release also [...]
+
+**`gpbackup_exporter`** is a Prometheus exporter for the same history
database. It exposes backup status, deletion status, backup metadata, backup
duration, and seconds since the last completed backup, listening on port 19854
by default with optional TLS and authentication.
+
+Other changes worth knowing about:
+
+- The `gpbackup` history database is now synchronized with the standby
coordinator.
+- `gprestore --resize-cluster` no longer fails when `--jobs` is greater than 1.
+- The column permissions query during backup is faster.
+- The Go toolchain moved to 1.25.
+- A portable binary package workflow lets the release manager produce x86_64
and ARM64 packages quickly.
+
+For the complete set of changes, see the [Backup branch
comparison](https://github.com/apache/cloudberry-backup/compare/2.1.0-incubating...2.2.0-incubating-rc1).
+
+## Apache Cloudberry Go Libs (`apache/cloudberry-go-libs`)
+
+This is the first release of `cloudberry-go-libs` as its own artifact. The
motivation is downstream: components that depend on these libraries, WAL-G
among them, need a released, versioned, ASF-compliant dependency rather than a
moving branch.
+
+The repository received the compliance work that an ASF release requires, its
CI/CD was modernized onto GitHub Actions, the Go module path was renamed to
`github.com/apache/cloudberry-go-libs`, and the PostgreSQL driver was migrated
from `pgx` v4 to v5. Dependencies including `golang.org/x/crypto` and
`golang.org/x/net` were upgraded to clear security advisories.
+
+## Looking Ahead
+
+If there is a theme to 2.2.0, it is Apache Cloudberry continuing to advance as
a PostgreSQL-based MPP database. The kernel now moves with upstream PostgreSQL,
parallel execution reaches further into the segments, the extension surface
grew by six, and the ecosystem components release together on one cadence with
shared packaging machinery.
+
+If the releases are approved, the project will share the official announcement
and related materials through the website and community channels. Until then,
please read this post as a preview of the current release candidates rather
than final release notes.
+
+We welcome everyone to continue following and participating in the Apache
Cloudberry community to witness the 2.2.0 release:
+
+- Visit our website: https://cloudberry.apache.org
+- Follow us on GitHub: https://github.com/apache/cloudberry
+- Join our Slack workspace:
https://join.slack.com/t/asf-cloudberry/shared_invite/zt-3um34r7hf-Sh~6jG6hVxlQJo1tbhK2sw
+- Subscribe to the mailing lists:
https://cloudberry.apache.org/community/mailing-lists
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