seawinde commented on code in PR #29370:
URL: https://github.com/apache/doris/pull/29370#discussion_r1440304899
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docs/en/docs/query-acceleration/async-materialized-view/query-rewrite-summary-and-desc.md:
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+---
+{
+ "title": "Querying Asynchronous Materialized Views",
+ "language": "en"
+}
+---
+
+<!--
+Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
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+regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+specific language governing permissions and limitations
+under the License.
+-->
+
+## Overview
+
+Doris's asynchronous materialized views employ a structure based on the SPJG
(SELECT-PROJECT-JOIN-GROUP-BY) pattern
+for transparent rewriting algorithms. Doris can analyze the structural
information of the query SQL,
+automatically identify suitable materialized views, and attempt transparent
rewriting by expressing the
+query SQL using the materialized views. By utilizing precomputed materialized
view results,
+significant improvements in query performance and a reduction in computational
costs can be achieved.
+
+Using the three tables: lineitem, orders, and partsupp from TPC-H, let's
describe the capability of directly querying
+a materialized view and using the materialized view for transparent query
rewriting.
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS lineitem (
+ l_orderkey integer not null,
+ l_partkey integer not null,
+ l_suppkey integer not null,
+ l_linenumber integer not null,
+ l_quantity decimalv3(15,2) not null,
+ l_extendedprice decimalv3(15,2) not null,
+ l_discount decimalv3(15,2) not null,
+ l_tax decimalv3(15,2) not null,
+ l_returnflag char(1) not null,
+ l_linestatus char(1) not null,
+ l_shipdate date not null,
+ l_commitdate date not null,
+ l_receiptdate date not null,
+ l_shipinstruct char(25) not null,
+ l_shipmode char(10) not null,
+ l_comment varchar(44) not null
+ )
+ DUPLICATE KEY(l_orderkey, l_partkey, l_suppkey, l_linenumber)
+ PARTITION BY RANGE(l_shipdate)
+ (FROM ('2023-10-17') TO ('2023-10-20') INTERVAL 1 DAY)
+ DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(l_orderkey) BUCKETS 3
+ PROPERTIES ("replication_num" = "1");
+```
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS orders (
+ o_orderkey integer not null,
+ o_custkey integer not null,
+ o_orderstatus char(1) not null,
+ o_totalprice decimalv3(15,2) not null,
+ o_orderdate date not null,
+ o_orderpriority char(15) not null,
+ o_clerk char(15) not null,
+ o_shippriority integer not null,
+ o_comment varchar(79) not null
+ )
+ DUPLICATE KEY(o_orderkey, o_custkey)
+ PARTITION BY RANGE(o_orderdate)(
+ FROM ('2023-10-17') TO ('2023-10-20') INTERVAL 1 DAY)
+ DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(o_orderkey) BUCKETS 3
+ PROPERTIES ("replication_num" = "1");
+```
+
+```sql
+ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS partsupp (
+ ps_partkey INTEGER NOT NULL,
+ ps_suppkey INTEGER NOT NULL,
+ ps_availqty INTEGER NOT NULL,
+ ps_supplycost DECIMALV3(15,2) NOT NULL,
+ ps_comment VARCHAR(199) NOT NULL
+ )
+ DUPLICATE KEY(ps_partkey, ps_suppkey)
+ DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(ps_partkey) BUCKETS 3
+ PROPERTIES (
+ "replication_num" = "1"
+ );
+```
+
+## Direct Query of Materialized View
+A materialized view can be considered as a table and can be queried just like
a regular table.
+
+The syntax for defining a materialized view, details can be found in
+[CREATE-ASYNC-MATERIALIZED-VIEW](../../sql-manual/sql-reference/Data-Definition-Statements/Create/CREATE-ASYNC-MATERIALIZED-VIEW.md)
+
+Materialized view definition:
+```sql
+CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mv1
+BUILD IMMEDIATE REFRESH AUTO ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 hour
+DISTRIBUTED BY RANDOM BUCKETS 12
+PROPERTIES ('replication_num' = '1')
+AS
+SELECT t1.l_linenumber,
+ o_custkey,
+ o_orderdate
+FROM (SELECT * FROM lineitem WHERE l_linenumber > 1) t1
+ LEFT OUTER JOIN orders
+ ON l_orderkey = o_orderkey;
+```
+
+Query statement:
+Direct queries can be performed on the materialized view with additional
filtering conditions and aggregations.
+
+```sql
+SELECT l_linenumber,
+ o_custkey
+FROM mv1
+WHERE l_linenumber > 1 and o_orderdate = '2023-12-31';
+```
+
+## Transparent Rewriting Capability
+### Join rewriting
+
+JOIN rewriting refers to the ability to transparently rewrite a query when the
tables used in the query and
+the materialized view are the same. This rewriting can occur either by joining
the materialized view
+and the query inside the JOIN clause or by placing conditions in the WHERE
clause outside of the JOIN.
+Additionally, under certain conditions, when the types of JOINs in the query
and the materialized view do not match,
+rewriting can still take place.
+
+**Case 1:**
+
+The following case can undergo transparent rewriting. The condition
`l_linenumber > 1` allows for pull-up,
+enabling transparent rewriting by expressing the query using the precomputed
results of the materialized view.
+
+Materialized view definition:
+```sql
+SELECT t1.l_linenumber,
+ o_custkey,
+ o_orderdate
+FROM (SELECT * FROM lineitem WHERE l_linenumber > 1) t1
+LEFT OUTER JOIN orders
+ON l_orderkey = o_orderkey;
+```
+Query statement:
+
+```sql
+SELECT l_linenumber,
+ o_custkey
+FROM lineitem
+LEFT OUTER JOIN orders
+ON l_orderkey = o_orderkey
+WHERE l_linenumber > 1 and o_orderdate = '2023-12-31';
+```
+
+**Case 2:**
+
+OIN Derivation (TODO)
Review Comment:
OK
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