github-actions[bot] commented on code in PR #68453:
URL: https://github.com/apache/doris/pull/68453#discussion_r4123903605


##########
fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/lance/LanceSdkNamespace.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package org.apache.doris.datasource.lance;
+
+import org.apache.doris.datasource.lance.storage.LanceStorageOptions;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.hash.Hasher;
+import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+import org.apache.arrow.memory.BufferAllocator;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.exception.ExceptionUtils;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+import org.lance.namespace.LanceNamespace;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableRequest;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableResponse;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableVersionRequest;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableVersionResponse;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.ListTableVersionsRequest;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.ListTableVersionsResponse;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+/**
+ * The namespace the Lance SDK is handed to open one namespace-managed 
dataset: the catalog's
+ * namespace, with two things the SDK gets wrong on its own.
+ *
+ * <p>The SDK opens with the options it is handed plus whatever its own 
describe vends, spelled as
+ * the namespace spells them. Lance then adds the process environment for any 
option whose
+ * canonical key is missing, so a vended {@code endpoint} next to an {@code 
AWS_ENDPOINT} in the
+ * FE environment leaves the FE on whichever endpoint object_store folds last, 
while the BE, handed
+ * the canonical {@code aws_endpoint}, keeps the vended one. {@link 
#describeTable} therefore
+ * returns the vended options in the vocabulary Doris uses for everything else.
+ *
+ * <p>The SDK also caches the object store of a namespace-opened dataset in 
the catalog Session by
+ * the namespace's id and the table id alone, ignoring the options: a read 
overlapping another one
+ * that still holds a store for the same table reuses that store, whatever 
endpoint it was built
+ * for (lance-io {@code StorageOptionsAccessor::accessor_id}, {@code 
ObjectStoreRegistry::get_store}).
+ * {@link #namespaceId} therefore also identifies the options the store is 
built with, less
+ * credentials that carry an expiry, which the store refreshes from the 
namespace anyway.
+ *
+ * <p>A namespace Lance does not implement natively is called back through 
JNI, which reports an
+ * exception thrown by the callback only as "Java exception was thrown". The 
last one is kept for
+ * {@link #unwrapCallbackFailure}, so a missing version or branch is still 
reported as such.
+ *
+ * <p>One instance is created per open. The datasets checked out from it 
resolve versions through
+ * it, and the store the open builds refreshes credentials through it, also 
for later reads that
+ * share that store.
+ */
+final class LanceSdkNamespace implements LanceNamespace {
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LogManager.getLogger(LanceSdkNamespace.class);
+
+    /** What jni-rs reports for a Java exception a callback threw. */
+    private static final String CALLBACK_FAILURE = "Java exception was thrown";
+
+    private static final String EXPIRES_AT_MILLIS = "expires_at_millis";
+
+    /**
+     * The credentials a store takes from its credential provider rather than 
fixing them when it
+     * is built: every spelling lance-io's {@code DynamicCredentials} 
conversions read for AWS,
+     * Azure and GCS, the OSS keys its dynamic OpenDAL store re-reads, and the 
refresh deadline.
+     * The provider refreshes them from the namespace only when they carry
+     * {@value #EXPIRES_AT_MILLIS}; see {@link #storeIdentity}.
+     */
+    private static final Set<String> CREDENTIAL_OPTIONS = ImmutableSet.of(
+            "aws_access_key_id", "access_key_id", "aws_secret_access_key", 
"secret_access_key",
+            "aws_session_token", "aws_token", "aws_security_token", 
"session_token", "token",
+            "azure_storage_sas_token", "azure_storage_sas_key", "sas_token", 
"sas_key",
+            "azure_storage_token", "bearer_token", 
"azure_storage_account_key", "azure_storage_access_key",
+            "azure_storage_master_key", "access_key", "master_key", 
"account_key",
+            "google_storage_token",
+            "oss_access_key_id", "oss_secret_access_key", "oss_security_token",
+            EXPIRES_AT_MILLIS);
+
+    /** Keys the store digest, so an id in a log cannot be checked against 
guessed credentials. */
+    private static final byte[] IDENTITY_KEY = new byte[32];
+
+    static {
+        new SecureRandom().nextBytes(IDENTITY_KEY);
+    }
+
+    private final LanceNamespace catalogNamespace;
+    private final Map<String, String> sdkStorageOptions;
+    private final AtomicReference<RuntimeException> callbackFailure = new 
AtomicReference<>();
+    /** The thread that opens the dataset and issues the SDK's describe; every 
other call is a JNI callback. */
+    private final Thread openingThread = Thread.currentThread();
+    /** Set by the SDK's own describe while it opens the dataset. */
+    private volatile String storeIdentity;
+
+    /**
+     * @param sdkStorageOptions the options the SDK is handed in its read 
options, which it opens
+     *     with under what its describe vends
+     */
+    LanceSdkNamespace(LanceNamespace catalogNamespace, Map<String, String> 
sdkStorageOptions) {
+        this.catalogNamespace = catalogNamespace;
+        this.sdkStorageOptions = sdkStorageOptions;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void initialize(Map<String, String> configProperties, 
BufferAllocator allocator) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("A Lance SDK namespace wraps 
an initialized catalog namespace");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read by the SDK once, when it opens the dataset: Lance 12 describes the 
table in
+     * {@code OpenDatasetBuilder.buildFromNamespaceClient} first and reads the 
id when the JNI
+     * wraps this namespace. It keys the store cache, through the credential 
provider the SDK
+     * builds from this namespace.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String namespaceId() {
+        String identity = storeIdentity;
+        if (identity == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("The Lance SDK read the namespace 
id before describing the table");
+        }
+        return "DorisSdkNamespace[" + catalogNamespace.namespaceId() + ", 
store=" + identity + "]";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The catalog namespace's describe, with the vended options normalized. 
The first call is the
+     * SDK's own describe while it opens the dataset, whose options the store 
is built with; later
+     * ones refresh credentials.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public DescribeTableResponse describeTable(DescribeTableRequest request) {
+        return record(() -> {
+            DescribeTableResponse response = 
catalogNamespace.describeTable(request);
+            Map<String, String> vended = 
LanceStorageOptions.normalizeVendedStorageOptions(
+                    response.getLocation(), response.getStorageOptions());
+            // Left null when nothing was vended: a credential refresh then 
keeps the options it has.
+            if (response.getStorageOptions() != null) {
+                response.setStorageOptions(vended);
+            }
+            if (storeIdentity == null) {
+                Map<String, String> opened = new HashMap<>(sdkStorageOptions);
+                opened.putAll(vended);
+                storeIdentity = storeIdentity(opened);
+            }
+            return response;
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ListTableVersionsResponse 
listTableVersions(ListTableVersionsRequest request) {
+        return record(() -> catalogNamespace.listTableVersions(request));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public DescribeTableVersionResponse 
describeTableVersion(DescribeTableVersionRequest request) {
+        return record(() -> catalogNamespace.describeTableVersion(request));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The exception a failed SDK call reported as a failed callback, in place 
of that report, or
+     * {@code sdkError} itself. Each kept exception is handed out once.
+     */
+    Exception unwrapCallbackFailure(Exception sdkError) {
+        if (!isCallbackFailure(sdkError)) {
+            return sdkError;
+        }
+        RuntimeException failure = callbackFailure.getAndSet(null);
+        if (failure == null) {
+            return sdkError;
+        }
+        failure.addSuppressed(sdkError);
+        return failure;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isCallbackFailure(Throwable error) {
+        return ExceptionUtils.getThrowableList(error).stream()
+                .anyMatch(cause -> cause.getMessage() != null && 
cause.getMessage().contains(CALLBACK_FAILURE));
+    }
+
+    private <T> T record(Supplier<T> call) {
+        try {
+            return call.get();
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            callbackFailure.set(e);
+            if (Thread.currentThread() != openingThread) {
+                // The JNI leaves the exception pending on a thread it 
attached only for this call,
+                // and the JVM reports it as uncaught when that thread 
detaches. It is not: it
+                // reaches the read through unwrapCallbackFailure.
+                Thread.currentThread().setUncaughtExceptionHandler(
+                        (thread, error) -> LOG.debug("Lance namespace callback 
failed", error));
+            }
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A digest of every option that fixes where and how a store connects. The 
options can name
+     * endpoints and account names, so only the digest reaches the id, which 
Lance logs.
+     *
+     * <p>Credentials that carry an expiry are left out: the store refreshes 
them from the namespace
+     * before they expire, and a namespace that vends new ones on every 
describe would otherwise
+     * leave one registry entry behind per read. Without an expiry the store 
never refreshes, and
+     * keeps the credentials it was built with for as long as any read holds 
it, so they count, as
+     * they do for a store Lance opens without a namespace.
+     */
+    static String storeIdentity(Map<String, String> options) {
+        boolean refreshed = options.containsKey(EXPIRES_AT_MILLIS);

Review Comment:
   [P1] Keep expiring OpenDAL credentials in the store identity
   
   `expires_at_millis` makes this omit the credentials, but Lance v12's [S3 
OpenDAL 
constructor](https://github.com/lance-format/lance/blob/v12.0.0/rust/lance-io/src/object_store/providers/aws.rs#L2430-L2480)
 builds a static `Operator` from the initial options, without the dynamic 
credential accessor. If Q1 opens a bucket with key A and a concurrent Q2 is 
vended valid key B after A is revoked, the unchanged identity can reuse Q1's A 
store even though Q2's reported options (and BE options) contain B. Metadata 
can fail or diverge from the BE. Please include credentials in the identity for 
static OpenDAL backends, or reject this combination, and cover overlapping 
rotation. The earlier thread covered non-expiring keys; this is the 
expiring-key path it leaves out.



##########
fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/lance/LanceCatalogClient.java:
##########
@@ -235,68 +252,508 @@ public LanceTableMetadata loadBasicTableMetadata(String 
dbName, String tableName
     }
 
     public Schema loadTableSchema(String dbName, String tableName) {
-        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, Optional.empty(),
+        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, LanceRefSelector.latest(),
                 (dataset, access, metrics) -> metrics.measure(Stage.SCHEMA, 
dataset::getSchema));
     }
 
     public LanceTableMetadata loadTableMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName,
             Optional<TableSnapshot> tableSnapshot) {
-        return loadQueryMetadata(dbName, tableName, tableSnapshot, 
LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope.WITH_INDEXES);
+        return loadTableMetadata(dbName, tableName, 
LanceRefSelector.snapshot(tableSnapshot));
+    }
+
+    public LanceTableMetadata loadTableMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName, LanceRefSelector selector) {
+        return loadQueryMetadata(dbName, tableName, selector, 
LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope.WITH_INDEXES);
     }
 
     private LanceTableMetadata loadQueryMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName,
             Optional<TableSnapshot> tableSnapshot, 
LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope mode) {
-        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, tableSnapshot,
+        return loadQueryMetadata(dbName, tableName, 
LanceRefSelector.snapshot(tableSnapshot), mode);
+    }
+
+    private LanceTableMetadata loadQueryMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName,
+            LanceRefSelector selector, LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope mode) 
{
+        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, selector,
                 (dataset, access, metrics) -> 
LanceMetadataLoader.read(dataset, access, mode, metrics));
     }
 
-    /** Pins one resource generation, resolved table access, and the Dataset 
version for the whole read. */
-    private <T> T readTableSnapshot(String dbName, String tableName, 
Optional<TableSnapshot> tableSnapshot,
+    /**
+     * Pins one resource generation, resolved table access, and the Dataset 
version for the whole read.
+     *
+     * <p>The latest version of the main chain is opened once and every other 
selector is a
+     * checkout from that handle, so the SDK resolves the ref with the same 
commit handler
+     * (the namespace's, for a managed table). A tag is resolved first to the 
chain and version it
+     * points at, so a tag created on a branch selects that branch. The two 
shortcuts that skip the
+     * latest open are an explicit version on the main chain, and the latest 
version of a managed
+     * table. For a managed table, "latest" is always the newest version the 
namespace records,
+     * never the newest manifest in storage.
+     */
+    private <T> T readTableSnapshot(String dbName, String tableName, 
LanceRefSelector selector,
             SnapshotReader<T> reader) {
-        LanceTableAccess tableAccess = null;
+        ReadState state = new ReadState(selector, dbName + "." + tableName);
         LanceMetadataMetrics metrics = 
LanceMetadataMetrics.startMetadataRead();
         try {
             T result;
             try (BufferAllocator allocator = 
namespaceAllocator.newChildAllocator(
                     "lance-metadata-read", 0, namespaceAllocator.getLimit())) {
-                tableAccess = metrics.measure(Stage.TABLE_ACCESS,
+                state.access = metrics.measure(Stage.TABLE_ACCESS,
                         () -> namespaceClient.resolveTableAccess(dbName, 
tableName));
-                OptionalLong version = OptionalLong.empty();
-                if (tableSnapshot.isPresent()) {
-                    TableSnapshot snapshot = tableSnapshot.get();
-                    if (snapshot.getType() == 
TableSnapshot.VersionType.VERSION) {
-                        version = 
OptionalLong.of(LanceSnapshotResolver.parseVersion(snapshot.getValue()));
-                    } else {
-                        long timestamp = 
TimeUtils.timeStringToLong(snapshot.getValue(), TimeUtils.getTimeZone());
-                        if (timestamp < 0) {
-                            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                                    "Cannot parse Lance FOR TIME AS OF value 
'" + snapshot.getValue() + "'");
-                        }
-                        try (Dataset latest = openDataset(allocator, 
tableAccess, OptionalLong.empty(), metrics)) {
-                            version = 
OptionalLong.of(metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE,
-                                    () -> 
LanceSnapshotResolver.getVersionAtOrBefore(latest, timestamp)));
-                        }
+                OptionalLong direct = directMainVersion(state, metrics);
+                if (direct.isPresent() || isLatestMain(selector)) {
+                    state.version = direct;
+                    try (Dataset dataset = openDataset(allocator, state, 
direct, metrics)) {
+                        result = reader.read(dataset, state.access, metrics);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    OptionalLong mainVersion = 
state.access.isManagedVersioning()
+                            ? OptionalLong.of(recordedLatestVersion(state, 
Optional.empty(), metrics))
+                            : OptionalLong.empty();
+                    try (Dataset main = openDataset(allocator, state, 
mainVersion, metrics)) {
+                        result = readFromLatest(main, state, reader, metrics);
                     }
-                }
-                try (Dataset dataset = openDataset(allocator, tableAccess, 
version, metrics)) {
-                    result = reader.read(dataset, tableAccess, metrics);
                 }
             }
             metrics.succeeded();
             return result;
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw LanceErrorMessages.failure("Failed to load Lance table 
metadata for " + dbName + "." + tableName, e,
-                    tableAccess == null ? null : tableAccess.getDatasetUri(),
-                    tableAccess == null ? namespaceStorageOptions : 
tableAccess.getStorageOptions(), catalogSecrets);
+        } catch (LanceUserFacingException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e);
+        } catch (Exception sdkError) {
+            Exception e = unwrapCallbackFailure(state, sdkError);
+            LanceTableAccess access = state.access;
+            String uri = access == null ? null : access.getDatasetUri();
+            Map<String, String> options = access == null ? 
namespaceStorageOptions : access.getStorageOptions();
+            String what = state.displayName();
+            if (state.branch.isPresent() && !state.branchExists && 
isBranchNotFound(e, state.branch.get())) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Lance branch '" + 
state.branch.get() + "' of " + state.tableName
+                        + state.selector.getTag().map(tag -> " (tag '" + tag + 
"')").orElse("")
+                        + " was not found" + (isNamespaceMiss(e, "table branch 
not found") ? " in the namespace" : ""),
+                        sanitizedCause(e, uri, options));
+            }
+            if (state.version.isPresent() && isVersionNotFound(e)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Lance version " + 
state.version.getAsLong() + " of " + what
+                        + state.selector.getTag().map(tag -> " (tag '" + tag + 
"')").orElse("")
+                        + " was not found" + (isNamespaceMiss(e, "table 
version not found") ? " in the namespace" : ""),
+                        sanitizedCause(e, uri, options));
+            }
+            String hint = access != null && access.isManagedVersioning() && 
isAccessDenied(e)
+                    ? " (reading a namespace-managed Lance table may need 
write access to finalize a staged manifest)"
+                    : "";
+            throw LanceErrorMessages.failure("Failed to load Lance table 
metadata for " + what + hint, e, uri, options,
+                    catalogSecrets);
         } finally {
             metrics.close();
         }
     }
 
-    private Dataset openDataset(BufferAllocator allocator, LanceTableAccess 
access, OptionalLong version,
+    /** What a read has resolved so far; the catch block reports errors 
against it. */
+    private static final class ReadState {
+        private final LanceRefSelector selector;
+        private final String tableName;
+        private LanceTableAccess access;
+        /** The namespace the SDK opened a managed table through, which keeps 
its callbacks' failures. */
+        private LanceSdkNamespace sdkNamespace;
+        private Optional<String> branch;
+        /**
+         * Set once the branch is known to exist: the namespace recorded 
versions for it, or its
+         * latest version was checked out. Later failures are not reported as 
a missing branch.
+         */
+        private boolean branchExists;
+        private OptionalLong version = OptionalLong.empty();
+        /** The namespace's version list per chain ("" is main), fetched at 
most once per read. */
+        private final Map<String, List<TableVersion>> namespaceVersions = new 
HashMap<>();
+
+        private ReadState(LanceRefSelector selector, String tableName) {
+            this.selector = selector;
+            this.tableName = tableName;
+            this.branch = selector.getBranch();
+        }
+
+        private String displayName() {
+            return tableName + branch.map(name -> "@" + name).orElse("");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isLatestMain(LanceRefSelector selector) {
+        return !selector.getTag().isPresent() && 
!selector.getBranch().isPresent()
+                && !selector.getSnapshot().isPresent();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The main-chain version a selector names without looking at the latest 
manifest: an explicit
+     * version, or the latest version of a managed table, which the namespace 
records.
+     */
+    private OptionalLong directMainVersion(ReadState state, 
LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        LanceRefSelector selector = state.selector;
+        if (selector.getTag().isPresent() || selector.getBranch().isPresent()) 
{
+            return OptionalLong.empty();
+        }
+        if (!selector.getSnapshot().isPresent()) {
+            return state.access.isManagedVersioning()
+                    ? OptionalLong.of(recordedLatestVersion(state, 
Optional.empty(), metrics))
+                    : OptionalLong.empty();
+        }
+        TableSnapshot snapshot = selector.getSnapshot().get();
+        return snapshot.getType() == TableSnapshot.VersionType.VERSION
+                ? 
OptionalLong.of(LanceSnapshotResolver.parseVersion(snapshot.getValue()))
+                : OptionalLong.empty();
+    }
+
+    /** Resolves the selector against the open latest main chain and reads the 
selected snapshot. */
+    private <T> T readFromLatest(Dataset main, ReadState state, 
SnapshotReader<T> reader, LanceMetadataMetrics metrics)
+            throws Exception {
+        LanceRefSelector selector = state.selector;
+        if (selector.getTag().isPresent()) {
+            // Only this tag's file is read, however many tags the table has. 
The SDK checks the tag
+            // out on the branch of the version it points at; for a managed 
table that is an
+            // explicit version the namespace resolves, never a storage 
fallback.
+            String tag = selector.getTag().get();
+            state.version = 
OptionalLong.of(metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE, () -> tagVersion(main, 
tag, state)));
+            try (Dataset target = checkout(main, Ref.ofTag(tag), metrics)) {
+                state.branch = branchOf(target.uri(), 
state.access.getDatasetUri());
+                return reader.read(target, accessOf(target, state), metrics);
+            }
+        }
+        if (state.branch.isPresent()) {
+            String branch = state.branch.get();
+            // Check out the branch's latest version first even when a version 
is already known, so
+            // a missing branch and a missing version inside an existing 
branch are told apart.
+            Ref branchHead = Ref.ofBranch(branch);
+            if (state.access.isManagedVersioning()) {
+                branchHead = Ref.ofBranch(branch, recordedLatestVersion(state, 
Optional.of(branch), metrics));
+                state.branchExists = true;
+            }
+            try (Dataset latest = checkout(main, branchHead, metrics)) {
+                state.branchExists = true;
+                LanceTableAccess branchAccess = accessOf(latest, state);
+                if (!state.version.isPresent() && 
selector.getSnapshot().isPresent()) {
+                    state.version = resolveSnapshotVersion(latest, 
branchAccess, selector.getSnapshot().get(), state,
+                            metrics);
+                }
+                if (!state.version.isPresent()) {
+                    return reader.read(latest, branchAccess, metrics);
+                }
+                try (Dataset dataset = checkout(latest, Ref.ofBranch(branch, 
state.version.getAsLong()), metrics)) {
+                    return reader.read(dataset, branchAccess, metrics);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // FOR TIME AS OF on the main chain, resolved from manifest commit 
times.
+        state.version = resolveSnapshotVersion(main, state.access, 
selector.getSnapshot().get(), state, metrics);
+        try (Dataset dataset = checkout(main, 
Ref.ofMain(state.version.getAsLong()), metrics)) {
+            return reader.read(dataset, state.access, metrics);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static long tagVersion(Dataset main, String tag, ReadState state) {
+        try {
+            return main.tags().getVersion(tag);
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(e);
+            if (rootMessage != null && rootMessage.contains("tag " + tag + " 
does not exist")) {
+                throw new LanceUserFacingException("Lance tag '" + tag + "' of 
" + state.tableName + " was not found");
+            }
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The branch a dataset checked out from the table root is on, from its 
root directory: the
+     * table root for main, {@code <root>/tree/<branch>} otherwise. Lance 
inserts the branch path
+     * before a URI's query string, so the query is compared apart. A URI that 
is neither is an
+     * error rather than main, which would hand the BE the wrong chain.
+     */
+    static Optional<String> branchOf(String checkedOutUri, String tableUri) {
+        String root = 
StringUtils.removeEnd(StringUtils.substringBefore(tableUri, "?"), "/");
+        String uri = 
StringUtils.removeEnd(StringUtils.substringBefore(checkedOutUri, "?"), "/");
+        if (uri.equals(root)) {
+            return Optional.empty();
+        }
+        String branchRoot = root + "/tree/";
+        if (!uri.startsWith(branchRoot) || uri.length() == 
branchRoot.length()) {
+            // The URIs may carry credentials in their query, so they stay out 
of the message.
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot tell which branch a Lance 
tag was checked out on");
+        }
+        return Optional.of(uri.substring(branchRoot.length()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The access for a dataset checked out from the table: the main chain 
keeps the table access,
+     * and a branch takes the directory the SDK checked out, which is what the 
BE opens by URI.
+     */
+    private static LanceTableAccess accessOf(Dataset dataset, ReadState state) 
{
+        return state.branch.isPresent() ? 
state.access.onBranch(state.branch.get(), dataset.uri()) : state.access;
+    }
+
+    /** A selector error whose message is user-facing as is, such as a tag 
that does not exist. */
+    private static final class LanceUserFacingException extends 
RuntimeException {
+        private LanceUserFacingException(String message) {
+            super(message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The newest version the namespace records for a managed chain. Doris 
asks for it itself:
+     * opening "latest" through the SDK falls back to the newest manifest in 
storage when the
+     * namespace records none, which would expose a version the namespace 
never published.
+     */
+    private long recordedLatestVersion(ReadState state, Optional<String> 
branch, LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        // A read that already listed the chain's versions reuses that list.
+        List<TableVersion> listed = 
state.namespaceVersions.get(branch.orElse(""));
+        OptionalLong latest = listed != null
+                ? 
listed.stream().map(TableVersion::getVersion).filter(Objects::nonNull)
+                        .mapToLong(Long::longValue).max()
+                : metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE,
+                        () -> 
namespaceClient.latestManagedVersion(state.access, branch));
+        if (!latest.isPresent()) {
+            throw new LanceUserFacingException("Lance namespace lists no 
versions for " + state.tableName
+                    + branch.map(name -> "@" + name).orElse(""));
+        }
+        return latest.getAsLong();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The failure behind {@code sdkError}. For a managed table the SDK 
resolves versions through
+     * {@link LanceSdkNamespace} by JNI callback, and reports a namespace 
error there without its
+     * type or message; the namespace kept it.
+     */
+    private static Exception unwrapCallbackFailure(ReadState state, Exception 
sdkError) {
+        return state.sdkNamespace == null ? sdkError : 
state.sdkNamespace.unwrapCallbackFailure(sdkError);
+    }
+
+    private RuntimeException sanitizedCause(Throwable error, String uri, 
Map<String, String> options) {
+        return new RuntimeException(LanceErrorMessages.sanitize(error, uri, 
options, catalogSecrets));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks out a ref of an already open dataset. The SDK resolves the ref 
itself, from the
+     * dataset directory or, for a namespace-managed dataset, with its own 
namespace client.
+     */
+    private static Dataset checkout(Dataset dataset, Ref ref, 
LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        return metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE, () -> 
dataset.checkout(ref));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Resolves a {@code FOR VERSION AS OF} / {@code FOR TIME AS OF} snapshot 
against the chain
+     * {@code latest} is checked out on: the main chain, or a branch when 
{@code access} is a
+     * branch access.
+     */
+    private OptionalLong resolveSnapshotVersion(Dataset latest, 
LanceTableAccess access, TableSnapshot snapshot,
+            ReadState state, LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        if (snapshot.getType() == TableSnapshot.VersionType.VERSION) {
+            return 
OptionalLong.of(LanceSnapshotResolver.parseVersion(snapshot.getValue()));
+        }
+        long timestamp = parseTimeTravelTimestamp(snapshot.getValue());
+        try {
+            return OptionalLong.of(resolveVersionAtOrBefore(latest, access, 
timestamp, snapshot.getValue(), state,
+                    metrics));
+        } catch (LanceSnapshotResolver.NoVersionAtOrBeforeException e) {
+            if (!access.getBranch().isPresent()) {
+                throw e;
+            }
+            // A branch's chain starts at the version it was created from and 
carries its own
+            // commit times, so an earlier timestamp has nothing to select on 
the branch.
+            throw new LanceUserFacingException("Lance branch '" + 
access.getBranch().get() + "' of "
+                    + state.tableName + " has no version at or before '" + 
snapshot.getValue()
+                    + "'; a branch only holds the versions from its creation 
on");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether a failed branch checkout means the branch does not exist. The 
SDK reports
+     * "branch <name> does not exist", a namespace "Table branch not found", 
or a missing manifest
+     * under the branch directory when nothing was ever committed there.
+     */
+    private static boolean isBranchNotFound(Throwable throwable, String 
branch) {
+        if (ExceptionUtils.indexOfType(throwable, 
TableBranchNotFoundException.class) >= 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(throwable);
+        if (rootMessage == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        String lower = rootMessage.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        String name = branch.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        return lower.contains("table branch not found")
+                || lower.contains("branch " + name + " does not exist")
+                || (lower.contains("not found") && lower.contains("tree/" + 
name + "/"));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether a not-found came from the namespace rather than storage. The 
SDK surfaces a
+     * namespace error by its display text ("Table version not found: ..."), 
and the Java client
+     * by its exception type.
+     */
+    private static boolean isNamespaceMiss(Throwable throwable, String 
namespaceText) {
+        if (ExceptionUtils.indexOfType(throwable, 
TableVersionNotFoundException.class) >= 0
+                || ExceptionUtils.indexOfType(throwable, 
TableBranchNotFoundException.class) >= 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(throwable);
+        return rootMessage != null && 
rootMessage.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).contains(namespaceText);
+    }
+
+    /** An HTTP 403 as the object stores report it, or an explicit 
access-denied error. */
+    private static final Pattern ACCESS_DENIED = Pattern.compile(
+            "accessdenied|access denied|permission 
denied|forbidden|(status|http|code)\\W{0,3}403\\b");
+
+    private static boolean isAccessDenied(Throwable throwable) {
+        String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(throwable);
+        return rootMessage != null && 
ACCESS_DENIED.matcher(rootMessage.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)).find();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Every version the namespace records for the chain {@code access} 
addresses, listed once per
+     * read. The whole list is needed: the storage fallback filters by it, and 
neither the order a
+     * namespace returns nor monotonic commit times can be relied on to stop 
early.
+     */
+    private List<TableVersion> namespaceVersions(ReadState state, 
LanceTableAccess access,
             LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        return 
state.namespaceVersions.computeIfAbsent(access.getBranch().orElse(""), chain -> 
{
+            List<TableVersion> versions = 
metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE,
+                    () -> namespaceClient.listManagedVersions(access));
+            if (versions.isEmpty()) {
+                throw new LanceUserFacingException("Lance namespace lists no 
versions for "
+                        + state.tableName + (chain.isEmpty() ? "" : "@" + 
chain));
+            }
+            return versions;
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Resolves {@code FOR TIME AS OF} to a version on the chain {@code 
latest} is checked out on,
+     * from the commit times the manifests record, over the history {@link 
LanceSnapshotResolver}
+     * describes. A managed table only selects among the versions its 
namespace records; one
+     * missing from the storage listing because its manifest is still staged 
is checked out, which
+     * finalizes it and yields its commit time.
+     */
+    private long resolveVersionAtOrBefore(Dataset latest, LanceTableAccess 
access, long timestamp,
+            String requestedText, ReadState state, LanceMetadataMetrics 
metrics) {
+        NavigableSet<Long> recorded = access.isManagedVersioning()
+                ? namespaceVersions(state, access, 
metrics).stream().map(TableVersion::getVersion)
+                        
.filter(Objects::nonNull).collect(Collectors.toCollection(TreeSet::new))
+                : null;
+        long version = metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE, () -> {
+            try {
+                return 
LanceSnapshotResolver.versionAtOrBefore(latest.listVersions(), recorded,
+                        id -> recordedVersion(latest, access, id, state), 
timestamp, requestedText);
+            } catch (LanceSnapshotResolver.HistoryRemovedException e) {
+                throw historyRemoved(e.getVersion(), requestedText, state);
+            }
+        });
+        LOG.debug("Resolved Lance FOR TIME AS OF '{}' to version {} from 
manifest commit times", requestedText,
+                version);
+        return version;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A namespace-recorded version checked out through the namespace, or null 
if it is gone. A
+     * still-staged manifest is finalized by the checkout.
+     */
+    private static Version recordedVersion(Dataset latest, LanceTableAccess 
access, long version,
+            ReadState state) {
+        Ref ref = access.getBranch().map(name -> Ref.ofBranch(name, 
version)).orElseGet(() -> Ref.ofMain(version));
+        try (Dataset recorded = latest.checkout(ref)) {
+            return recorded.getVersion();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Also the IOException the JNI raises for a missing manifest.
+            Exception failure = unwrapCallbackFailure(state, e);
+            if (isVersionNotFound(failure)) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            // The namespace's own exception if it kept one; otherwise the 
SDK's, which may be the
+            // checked IOException the JNI throws undeclared.
+            if (failure instanceof RuntimeException) {
+                throw (RuntimeException) failure;
+            }
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static LanceUserFacingException historyRemoved(long version, 
String requestedText, ReadState state) {
+        return new LanceUserFacingException("Lance cannot resolve FOR TIME AS 
OF '" + requestedText + "' on "
+                + state.displayName() + ": version " + version + ", which may 
hold the state at that time,"
+                + " no longer exists");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a {@code FOR TIME AS OF} value in the session time zone. Second 
and millisecond
+     * precision are accepted; commit times are compared at millisecond 
precision, the precision a
+     * namespace reports them in, so a timestamp in the millisecond a commit 
lands in selects it.
+     */
+    private static long parseTimeTravelTimestamp(String value) {
+        long timestamp = TimeUtils.timeStringToLong(value, 
TimeUtils.getTimeZone());
+        if (timestamp < 0) {
+            timestamp = TimeUtils.msTimeStringToLong(value, 
TimeUtils.getTimeZone());
+        }
+        if (timestamp < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot parse Lance FOR TIME AS 
OF value '" + value
+                    + "', expected 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss' or 'yyyy-MM-dd 
HH:mm:ss.SSS'");
+        }
+        return timestamp;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether a failed open of an explicitly requested version means that 
version does not exist.
+     * A namespace reports it through {@link TableVersionNotFoundException}. 
The storage reader
+     * reports it as a missing manifest under {@code _versions/} or as Lance's 
own version-not-found
+     * error; a missing dataset or an unreachable store fails differently and 
keeps its message.
+     */
+    private static boolean isVersionNotFound(Throwable throwable) {
+        if (ExceptionUtils.indexOfType(throwable, 
TableVersionNotFoundException.class) >= 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(throwable);
+        if (rootMessage == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        String lower = rootMessage.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        return lower.contains("version not found")
+                || (lower.contains("not found") && 
lower.contains("_versions/"));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Opens the main chain of the table {@code state} resolved. For a managed 
table the SDK
+     * describes the table again and opens the location and storage options 
that describe returns,
+     * so {@code state.access} is replaced by the access for what it opened: 
the BE reads with the
+     * access this read ends up with, and must open what the FE planned. If 
the SDK did not open
+     * with exactly that access's options, the dataset is opened once more 
with them. A namespace
+     * that returns a relative location cannot be read in this mode.
+     */
+    private Dataset openDataset(BufferAllocator allocator, ReadState state, 
OptionalLong version,
+            LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        if (state.access.isManagedVersioning()) {
+            LanceTableAccess access = state.access;
+            for (int attempt = 0; ; attempt++) {
+                ReadOptions readOptions = 
LanceReadOptions.forSharedSession(access.getStorageOptions(), version,
+                        session);
+                LanceTableAccess requested = access;
+                LanceSdkNamespace sdkNamespace = 
namespaceClient.sdkNamespace(requested);
+                state.sdkNamespace = sdkNamespace;
+                Dataset dataset = metrics.measure(Stage.DATASET_OPEN, () -> 
namespaceClient.openManagedDataset(

Review Comment:
   [P1] Check that the BE can open the namespace-approved manifest
   
   A valid namespace `TableVersion.manifest_path` can name a finalized 
`custom.manifest`; the [namespace 
contract](https://lance.org/format/namespace/operations/models/TableVersion/) 
does not require the canonical numeric path, and Lance v12 opens that exact 
finalized path. This reconciliation checks only URI and options. The FE can 
plan `custom.manifest`, while `LanceScanNode` sends only URI/version and the BE 
opens the canonical numeric manifest. If that file is absent the scan fails; if 
it contains different data the query can silently return wrong rows. Please 
verify the approved path matches what the BE will open, or fail closed until 
the manifest identity can be passed to the BE.



##########
fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/lance/LanceCatalogClient.java:
##########
@@ -235,68 +252,508 @@ public LanceTableMetadata loadBasicTableMetadata(String 
dbName, String tableName
     }
 
     public Schema loadTableSchema(String dbName, String tableName) {
-        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, Optional.empty(),
+        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, LanceRefSelector.latest(),
                 (dataset, access, metrics) -> metrics.measure(Stage.SCHEMA, 
dataset::getSchema));
     }
 
     public LanceTableMetadata loadTableMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName,
             Optional<TableSnapshot> tableSnapshot) {
-        return loadQueryMetadata(dbName, tableName, tableSnapshot, 
LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope.WITH_INDEXES);
+        return loadTableMetadata(dbName, tableName, 
LanceRefSelector.snapshot(tableSnapshot));
+    }
+
+    public LanceTableMetadata loadTableMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName, LanceRefSelector selector) {
+        return loadQueryMetadata(dbName, tableName, selector, 
LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope.WITH_INDEXES);
     }
 
     private LanceTableMetadata loadQueryMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName,
             Optional<TableSnapshot> tableSnapshot, 
LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope mode) {
-        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, tableSnapshot,
+        return loadQueryMetadata(dbName, tableName, 
LanceRefSelector.snapshot(tableSnapshot), mode);
+    }
+
+    private LanceTableMetadata loadQueryMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName,
+            LanceRefSelector selector, LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope mode) 
{
+        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, selector,
                 (dataset, access, metrics) -> 
LanceMetadataLoader.read(dataset, access, mode, metrics));
     }
 
-    /** Pins one resource generation, resolved table access, and the Dataset 
version for the whole read. */
-    private <T> T readTableSnapshot(String dbName, String tableName, 
Optional<TableSnapshot> tableSnapshot,
+    /**
+     * Pins one resource generation, resolved table access, and the Dataset 
version for the whole read.
+     *
+     * <p>The latest version of the main chain is opened once and every other 
selector is a
+     * checkout from that handle, so the SDK resolves the ref with the same 
commit handler
+     * (the namespace's, for a managed table). A tag is resolved first to the 
chain and version it
+     * points at, so a tag created on a branch selects that branch. The two 
shortcuts that skip the
+     * latest open are an explicit version on the main chain, and the latest 
version of a managed
+     * table. For a managed table, "latest" is always the newest version the 
namespace records,
+     * never the newest manifest in storage.
+     */
+    private <T> T readTableSnapshot(String dbName, String tableName, 
LanceRefSelector selector,
             SnapshotReader<T> reader) {
-        LanceTableAccess tableAccess = null;
+        ReadState state = new ReadState(selector, dbName + "." + tableName);
         LanceMetadataMetrics metrics = 
LanceMetadataMetrics.startMetadataRead();
         try {
             T result;
             try (BufferAllocator allocator = 
namespaceAllocator.newChildAllocator(
                     "lance-metadata-read", 0, namespaceAllocator.getLimit())) {
-                tableAccess = metrics.measure(Stage.TABLE_ACCESS,
+                state.access = metrics.measure(Stage.TABLE_ACCESS,
                         () -> namespaceClient.resolveTableAccess(dbName, 
tableName));
-                OptionalLong version = OptionalLong.empty();
-                if (tableSnapshot.isPresent()) {
-                    TableSnapshot snapshot = tableSnapshot.get();
-                    if (snapshot.getType() == 
TableSnapshot.VersionType.VERSION) {
-                        version = 
OptionalLong.of(LanceSnapshotResolver.parseVersion(snapshot.getValue()));
-                    } else {
-                        long timestamp = 
TimeUtils.timeStringToLong(snapshot.getValue(), TimeUtils.getTimeZone());
-                        if (timestamp < 0) {
-                            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                                    "Cannot parse Lance FOR TIME AS OF value 
'" + snapshot.getValue() + "'");
-                        }
-                        try (Dataset latest = openDataset(allocator, 
tableAccess, OptionalLong.empty(), metrics)) {
-                            version = 
OptionalLong.of(metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE,
-                                    () -> 
LanceSnapshotResolver.getVersionAtOrBefore(latest, timestamp)));
-                        }
+                OptionalLong direct = directMainVersion(state, metrics);

Review Comment:
   [P1] Re-resolve managed latest after a location change
   
   `directMainVersion` obtains the namespace head before `openDataset` invokes 
the SDK's second describe. If the namespace repoints this table from A (head 3) 
to B (head 4) between those calls, the open reconciles to B's URI/options but 
keeps version 3. A plain latest query then reads unrelated B@3 rows, or fails 
if B has no v3, rather than reading a coherent latest snapshot. The relocation 
test keeps both locations at head 3 and cannot detect this. On a location 
change, restart selector/head resolution or fail with a retry instead of 
carrying A's version into B.



##########
fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/lance/metadata/LanceSnapshotResolver.java:
##########
@@ -46,26 +52,121 @@ public static long parseVersion(String value) {
         return version;
     }
 
+    private static final Pattern VERSION_NUMBER = 
Pattern.compile("[+-]?[0-9]+");
+
     /**
-     * Gets the latest Lance version whose commit time does not exceed the 
requested timestamp.
-     *
-     * <p>Called by
-     * {@link LanceExternalCatalog#loadTableMetadata(String, String, 
java.util.Optional)} to resolve
-     * a {@code FOR TIME AS OF} clause before loading the selected metadata 
snapshot.
+     * Whether a {@code FOR VERSION AS OF} value is a version number rather 
than a tag name. A
+     * signed number counts as one, so that {@code '-1'} is reported as an 
invalid version.
+     */
+    public static boolean isVersionNumber(String value) {
+        return VERSION_NUMBER.matcher(value).matches();
+    }
+
+    /** No version of a chain was committed at or before the requested {@code 
FOR TIME AS OF} time. */
+    public static final class NoVersionAtOrBeforeException extends 
IllegalArgumentException {
+        private NoVersionAtOrBeforeException(String requestedText) {
+            super("Lance dataset has no version at or before '" + 
requestedText + "'");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cleanup removed a version newer than every version committed at or 
before the requested
+     * time. Its commit time went with it, so it may have been the answer.
      */
-    public static long getVersionAtOrBefore(Dataset dataset, long 
timestampMillis) {
-        return versionAtOrBefore(dataset.listVersions(), timestampMillis);
+    public static final class HistoryRemovedException extends 
IllegalArgumentException {
+        private final long version;
+
+        private HistoryRemovedException(long version) {
+            super("Lance version " + version + " no longer exists");
+            this.version = version;
+        }
+
+        public long getVersion() {
+            return version;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** The commit time a manifest records, at millisecond precision. */
+    public static long commitMillis(Version version) {
+        return version.getDataTime().toInstant().toEpochMilli();

Review Comment:
   [P2] Compare full commit instants for `FOR TIME AS OF`
   
   Lance v12 preserves fractional manifest timestamps through its [Java JNI 
conversion](https://github.com/lance-format/lance/blob/v12.0.0/java/lance-jni/src/blocking_dataset.rs#L819-L849).
 Flooring a commit at `09.113997` to `09.113` lets an `AS OF '...09.113'` query 
see data committed 997 microseconds later; the new regression fixture 
explicitly expects this early-visible result. It also orders two commits inside 
one millisecond by version ID even when their actual commit-time order is 
reversed. The old resolver compared full `Instant`s. Please compare the full 
commit instant with `Instant.ofEpochMilli(requestedMillis)` and use full 
instants for ordering, with a fractional-boundary test.



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