cecemei commented on code in PR #19059:
URL: https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/19059#discussion_r2866796588


##########
indexing-service/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/indexing/common/actions/SegmentUpgradeAction.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.druid.indexing.common.actions;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonCreator;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
+import org.apache.druid.indexing.common.task.Task;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.IAE;
+import org.apache.druid.metadata.ReplaceTaskLock;
+import org.apache.druid.timeline.DataSegment;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * Task action that records segments as being upgraded in the metadata store.
+ * <p>
+ * This action is used during compaction to track which segments are being 
replaced.
+ * It validates that all segments to be upgraded are covered by
+ * {@link ReplaceTaskLock}s before inserting them into the upgrade segments 
table.
+ * <p>
+ * The action will fail if any of the upgrade segments do not have a 
corresponding
+ * replace lock, ensuring that only properly locked segments can be marked for 
upgrade.
+ *
+ * @return the number of segments successfully inserted into the upgrade 
segments table
+ */
+public class SegmentUpgradeAction implements TaskAction<Integer>
+{
+  private final String dataSource;
+  private final List<DataSegment> upgradeSegments;
+
+  /**
+   * @param dataSource the datasource containing the segments to upgrade
+   * @param upgradeSegments the list of segments to be recorded as upgraded
+   */
+  @JsonCreator
+  public SegmentUpgradeAction(
+      @JsonProperty("dataSource") String dataSource,
+      @JsonProperty("upgradeSegments") List<DataSegment> upgradeSegments
+  )
+  {
+    this.dataSource = dataSource;
+    this.upgradeSegments = upgradeSegments;
+  }
+
+  @JsonProperty
+  public String getDataSource()
+  {
+    return dataSource;
+  }
+
+  @JsonProperty
+  public List<DataSegment> getUpgradeSegments()
+  {
+    return upgradeSegments;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public TypeReference<Integer> getReturnTypeReference()
+  {
+    return new TypeReference<>()
+    {
+    };
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Integer perform(Task task, TaskActionToolbox toolbox)
+  {
+    final String datasource = task.getDataSource();
+    final Map<DataSegment, ReplaceTaskLock> segmentToReplaceLock
+        = TaskLocks.findReplaceLocksCoveringSegments(datasource, 
toolbox.getTaskLockbox(), Set.copyOf(upgradeSegments));
+
+    if (segmentToReplaceLock.size() < upgradeSegments.size()) {
+      throw new IAE(

Review Comment:
   done



##########
indexing-service/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/indexing/common/task/CompactionIntervalSpec.java:
##########
@@ -42,18 +44,52 @@ public class CompactionIntervalSpec implements 
CompactionInputSpec
 
   private final Interval interval;
   @Nullable
+  private final List<SegmentDescriptor> uncompactedSegments;
+  /**
+   * Optional hash of all segment IDs for validation. When set, this is used 
in {@link #validateSegments} to verify
+   * that the segments haven't changed since this spec was created.
+   * <p>
+   * Note: This hash is computed and validated against ALL segments 
overlapping the interval, not just the
+   * uncompactedSegments. This is because compaction operates on all segments 
within the interval - compacted
+   * segments may need to be rewritten alongside uncompacted ones to maintain 
proper partitioning and sort order.
+   * Therefore, the validation check must apply to all segments to ensure 
correctness.
+   */
+  @Nullable
   private final String sha256OfSortedSegmentIds;
 
+  public CompactionIntervalSpec(Interval interval, String 
sha256OfSortedSegmentIds)
+  {
+    this(interval, null, sha256OfSortedSegmentIds);
+  }
+
   @JsonCreator
   public CompactionIntervalSpec(
       @JsonProperty("interval") Interval interval,
+      @JsonProperty("uncompactedSegments") @Nullable

Review Comment:
   updated



##########
server/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/server/compaction/MostFragmentedIntervalFirstPolicy.java:
##########
@@ -106,6 +118,17 @@ public HumanReadableBytes 
getMaxAverageUncompactedBytesPerSegment()
     return maxAverageUncompactedBytesPerSegment;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Threshold ratio of uncompacted bytes to compacted bytes below which

Review Comment:
   done



##########
server/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/server/compaction/CompactionMode.java:
##########
@@ -27,5 +27,9 @@ public enum CompactionMode
   /**
    * Indicates that all existing segments of the interval will be picked for 
compaction.
    */
-  FULL_COMPACTION;
+  FULL_COMPACTION,
+  /**
+   * Indicates that only uncompacted segments of the interval will be picked 
for compaction.
+   */
+  INCREMENTAL_COMPACTION;

Review Comment:
   done



##########
server/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/server/coordinator/duty/CompactSegments.java:
##########
@@ -463,14 +470,30 @@ private static ClientCompactionTaskQuery compactSegments(
     context.put("priority", compactionTaskPriority);
 
     final String taskId = IdUtils.newTaskId(TASK_ID_PREFIX, 
ClientCompactionTaskQuery.TYPE, dataSource, null);
+    final ClientCompactionIntervalSpec clientCompactionIntervalSpec;
+    switch (compactionMode) {
+      case FULL_COMPACTION:
+        clientCompactionIntervalSpec = new 
ClientCompactionIntervalSpec(entry.getCompactionInterval(), null, null);
+        break;
+      case INCREMENTAL_COMPACTION:

Review Comment:
   this method is used by both coordinator and overlord, coordinator would 
always use ALL_SEGMENTS compaction mode in line 266.



##########
server/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/server/compaction/MostFragmentedIntervalFirstPolicy.java:
##########
@@ -47,13 +47,16 @@ public class MostFragmentedIntervalFirstPolicy extends 
BaseCandidateSearchPolicy
   private final int minUncompactedCount;
   private final HumanReadableBytes minUncompactedBytes;
   private final HumanReadableBytes maxAverageUncompactedBytesPerSegment;
+  private final double incrementalCompactionUncompactedRatioThreshold;
 
   @JsonCreator
   public MostFragmentedIntervalFirstPolicy(
       @JsonProperty("minUncompactedCount") @Nullable Integer 
minUncompactedCount,
       @JsonProperty("minUncompactedBytes") @Nullable HumanReadableBytes 
minUncompactedBytes,
       @JsonProperty("maxAverageUncompactedBytesPerSegment") @Nullable
       HumanReadableBytes maxAverageUncompactedBytesPerSegment,
+      @JsonProperty("incrementalCompactionUncompactedRatioThreshold") @Nullable

Review Comment:
   done



##########
server/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/server/compaction/CompactionMode.java:
##########
@@ -27,5 +27,6 @@ public enum CompactionMode
   /**
    * Indicates that all existing segments of the interval will be picked for 
compaction.
    */
-  FULL_COMPACTION;
+  FULL_COMPACTION,
+  INCREMENTAL_COMPACTION;

Review Comment:
   done



##########
server/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/indexing/overlord/IndexerMetadataStorageCoordinator.java:
##########
@@ -387,6 +387,29 @@ SegmentPublishResult commitAppendSegmentsAndMetadata(
       @Nullable SegmentSchemaMapping segmentSchemaMapping
   );
 
+  /**
+   * Inserts entries into the upgrade_segments table for segments that need to 
be upgraded
+   * to a new version without recompaction. This is used during incremental 
compaction when
+   * some segments in the interval don't require compaction but should be 
upgraded to match
+   * the version of newly compacted segments.
+   * <p>
+   * In incremental compaction scenarios:
+   * <ul>
+   * <li>Some segments may already meet compaction criteria (e.g., already 
compacted, correct partitioning)
+   * and don't need to be rewritten.</li>
+   * <li>These segments are tracked in the upgrade_segments table via this 
method, mapped to their
+   * corresponding REPLACE lock.</li>
+   * <li>When the compaction task finishes via {@link #commitReplaceSegments}, 
these segments are
+   * upgraded directly to the new version to maintain version consistency 
across the interval.</li>
+   * <li>After the task completes, entries are cleaned up via {@link 
#deleteUpgradeSegmentsForTask}.</li>
+   * </ul>

Review Comment:
   done



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