georgew5656 opened a new pull request, #16968:
URL: https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/16968

   Allow specifying extensions between extensions without having to explicitly 
install jars in multiple places.
   
   ### Description
   Currently, in order to have extension A depend on extension B, you have to 
explicitly include extension B as a build dependency in extension A's pom.xml. 
This cause the jar for extension B to be included in extension A's directory 
and loaded as a module.
   
   This can lead to some weird behavior e.g. the following bug linked from 
https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/16929 caused by 
druid-kafka-extraction-namespace depending on druid-lookups-cached-global.
   ```
   There is logic in ExtensionsLoader.tryAdd that checks whether a module has 
already been loaded during initialization and skips it if it already has been 
loaded.
   
   This is a problem when both druid-kafka-extraction-namespace and 
druid-lookups-cached-global are specified because they both load 
NamespaceExtractionModule.
   
   If druid-kafka-extraction-namespace is specified first, both 
NamespaceExtractionModule and KafkaExtractionNamespaceModule are loaded by the 
druid-kafka-extraction-namespace classloader, and the 
druid-lookups-cached-global classloader doesn't load anything since 
NamespaceExtractionModule was already loaded. This is fine because the features 
of druid-lookups-cached-global are served through the module 
NamespaceExtractionModule being loaded in druid-kafka-extraction-namespace. 
(this is essentially the same behavior as just loading 
druid-kafka-extraction-namespace, and this is why loading both extensions in 
this order works)
   
   If druid-lookups-cached-global is specified first, NamespaceExtractionModule 
is loaded by the druid-lookups-cached-global class loader. The 
druid-kafka-extraction-namespace classloader will only load 
KafkaExtractionNamespaceModule because NamespaceExtractionModule has already 
been loaded. This is a problem because kafka lookups rely on classes bound in 
NamespaceExtractionModule that it can't access (because 
NamespaceExtractionModule is only bound in the druid-lookups-cached-global 
classloader).
   ```
   
   to get around this issue, my proposed fix is to allow chaining classloaders 
without having to actually copy jars. e.g. extension A won't actually have 
extension B's jar (we include the dependency as provided in the pom.xml). when 
extension A is loading classes, it will try to use extension B's classloader to 
find classes it can't find.
   
   #### Fixed the bug ...
   #### Renamed the class ...
   #### Added a forbidden-apis entry ...
   
   
   We currently support two kinds of classloaders for each extension 
(extension-first or not). hadoop always uses the non extension-first 
classloader and other druid services check the 
druid.extensions.useExtensionClassloaderFirst property. this made it a little 
more annoying to implement chained classloading (see ExtensionLoader), but I 
didn't think we could deprecate this behavior so I left it in. I had to add a 
StandardClassLoader class because we were just using a regular UrlClassLoader 
object for the non extension-first classloader. In both StandardClassLoader and 
ExtensionFirstClassLoader i added the logic to check other extension's 
classloaders for classes. this is the part of the code i'd like some more 
detailed feedback on.
   
   I added a root level extension-dependencies.json file to specify 
inter-extension dependencies. the kafka/global cached lookup dependency is 
included here. When building druid bundles, maven copies this file into the 
extensions/ directory so the PullDependencies command can read it. I was hoping 
to just have the PullDependencies command to copy the json over instead but the 
Main command that runs PullDependencies actually needs extensions to be loaded 
(https://github.com/apache/druid/blob/master/services/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/cli/Main.java#L98),
 so this doesn't work.
   Since PullDependencies can delete the extensions/ directory before copying 
jars in, I had to update the logic to replace the extension-dependencies.json 
file after the extensions/ directory has been repopulated.
   
   The logic to actually set dependencies from extension-dependencies.json in 
extension classloaders is in ExtensionsLoader.
   
   I tested this with druid-kafka-extraction-namespace and 
druid-lookups-cached-global and everything seems to work okay.
   
   
   I haven't added any unit tests yet because I want to get feedback on whether 
this approach seems reasonable.
   
   #### Release note
   - support explicit extension dependencies in druid
   
   ##### Key changed/added classes in this PR
    * `ExtensionLoader`
    * `ExtensionFirstClassLoader`
    * `StandardClassLoader`
    * `PullDependencies`
   <hr>
   
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