GWphua opened a new pull request, #17482:
URL: https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/17482

   Fixes #6647  
   
   ### Description
   
   This PR is built upon #6683 and #9172 and aims to reduce the number of 
ZooKeeper watch counts. 
   
   #### Fixed Huge Number of Watches in ZooKeeper
   
   Previously, `Announcer.java` causes all child nodes under the parent path to 
be watched by the ZooKeeper ensemble. This causes an unnecessarily large number 
of ZooKeeper watches to be produced. 
   
   The new `NodeAnnouncer.java` class, which is heavily modelled on the 
`Announcer.java`, aims to address this issue by announcing a single node within 
a ZooKeeper ensemble. By eliminating the watches on child nodes, this approach 
significantly reduces the total number of watch counts in ZooKeeper. Tests 
conducted on the production server also indicate a decrease in watch counts 
resulting from this change.
   
   ![ZK Watch 
Count](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6bf479a7-9e5c-4554-b99b-ea8b1f4ded3a)
   
   The original `Announcer.java` still provides better performance for segment 
announcements, and hence will be retained in the codebase.
   
   #### Documentation
   - Implementation of #6683 and #9172 are complete, and this PR addresses 
blocking requests for change by adding Javadocs, and making announcement logic 
more human-readable.
   - Remove 
[humor](https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/6683#discussion_r239161626) in 
error logs. 
   
   #### Refactoring
   
   - Shift `Announceable` class in `Announcer.java` to `Announceable.java`.
   - Refactor long methods by creating helper functions.
   - Add `ZKPathsUtils.java` to abstract the retrieval of ZooKeeper path and 
ZooKeeper node.
   
   ### Further Actionable
    
   #### Deprecated Code
   
   The `PathChildrenCache`, `NodeCache` classes have been 
[deprecated](https://curator.apache.org/apidocs/org/apache/curator/framework/recipes/cache/package-summary.html)
 since Curator 5.0.0. 
   
   We can look into replacing these deprecated classes with `CuratorCache`. 
CuratorCache requires ZooKeeper 3.6+, and we are currently using ZooKeeper 
3.8.4.
   
   #### Concurrency Flow
   
   Add a concurrent control flow documentation for NodeAnnouncer.
   
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   #### Release note
   
   Improved: ZooKeeper no longer spins up an unnecessary large number of 
watches when running realtime tasks.
   
   <hr>
   
   ##### Key changed/added classes in this PR
    * `Announcer.java`
    * `NodeAnnouncer.java`
    * `Announceable.java`
    * `AnnouncerModule.java`
    * `ZKPathsUtils.java`
   
   <hr>
   
   <!-- Check the items by putting "x" in the brackets for the done things. Not 
all of these items apply to every PR. Remove the items which are not done or 
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   This PR has:
   
   - [x] been self-reviewed.
      - [x] using the [concurrency 
checklist](https://github.com/apache/druid/blob/master/dev/code-review/concurrency.md)
 (Remove this item if the PR doesn't have any relation to concurrency.)
   - [x] a release note entry in the PR description.
   - [x] added Javadocs for most classes and all non-trivial methods. Linked 
related entities via Javadoc links.
   - [x] added or updated version, license, or notice information in 
[licenses.yaml](https://github.com/apache/druid/blob/master/dev/license.md)
   - [x] added comments explaining the "why" and the intent of the code 
wherever would not be obvious for an unfamiliar reader.
   - [x] added unit tests or modified existing tests to cover new code paths, 
ensuring the threshold for [code 
coverage](https://github.com/apache/druid/blob/master/dev/code-review/code-coverage.md)
 is met.
   - [x] been tested in a test Druid cluster.
   


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