yuqi1129 commented on code in PR #12234:
URL: https://github.com/apache/gravitino/pull/12234#discussion_r3703724438


##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/RelationUpdate.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.gravitino;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Describes a relation update from a source entity to target endpoints. 
Target endpoint identity
+ * and relation-edge attributes are carried by {@link RelationEdgeTarget}.
+ */
+public final class RelationUpdate {
+
+  private static final RelationEdgeTarget[] EMPTY_TARGETS = new 
RelationEdgeTarget[0];
+
+  private final SupportsRelationOperations.Type relationType;
+  private final NameIdentifier sourceIdentifier;
+  private final Entity.EntityType sourceEntityType;
+  private final RelationEdgeTarget[] targetsToAdd;
+  private final RelationEdgeTarget[] targetsToRemove;
+
+  private RelationUpdate(
+      SupportsRelationOperations.Type relationType,
+      NameIdentifier sourceIdentifier,
+      Entity.EntityType sourceEntityType,
+      RelationEdgeTarget[] targetsToAdd,
+      RelationEdgeTarget[] targetsToRemove) {
+    this.relationType = relationType;
+    this.sourceIdentifier = sourceIdentifier;
+    this.sourceEntityType = sourceEntityType;
+    this.targetsToAdd = copyTargets(targetsToAdd, "targetsToAdd");
+    this.targetsToRemove = copyTargets(targetsToRemove, "targetsToRemove");
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a relation update.
+   *
+   * @param relationType The type of relation.
+   * @param sourceIdentifier The identifier of the source entity whose 
relations are being updated.
+   * @param sourceEntityType The source entity type.
+   * @param targetsToAdd Target endpoints to associate with the source entity.
+   * @param targetsToRemove Target endpoints to disassociate from the source 
entity.
+   * @return A relation update.
+   */
+  public static RelationUpdate of(
+      SupportsRelationOperations.Type relationType,
+      NameIdentifier sourceIdentifier,
+      Entity.EntityType sourceEntityType,
+      RelationEdgeTarget[] targetsToAdd,
+      RelationEdgeTarget[] targetsToRemove) {
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(relationType != null, "relationType must not 
be null");
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(sourceIdentifier != null, "sourceIdentifier 
must not be null");
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(sourceEntityType != null, "sourceEntityType 
must not be null");
+    return new RelationUpdate(
+        relationType, sourceIdentifier, sourceEntityType, targetsToAdd, 
targetsToRemove);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return The type of relation.
+   */
+  public SupportsRelationOperations.Type relationType() {
+    return relationType;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return The source entity identifier.
+   */
+  public NameIdentifier sourceIdentifier() {
+    return sourceIdentifier;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return The source entity type.
+   */
+  public Entity.EntityType sourceEntityType() {
+    return sourceEntityType;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Target endpoints to associate with the source entity.
+   */
+  public RelationEdgeTarget[] targetsToAdd() {
+    return targetsToAdd.clone();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @return Target endpoints to disassociate from the source entity.
+   */
+  public RelationEdgeTarget[] targetsToRemove() {
+    return targetsToRemove.clone();

Review Comment:
   What's the benefit of cloning the array?



##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/SupportsRelationOperations.java:
##########
@@ -217,7 +237,55 @@ default <E extends Entity & HasIdentifier> List<E> 
updateEntityRelations(
       NameIdentifier[] destEntitiesToAdd,
       NameIdentifier[] destEntitiesToRemove)
       throws IOException, NoSuchEntityException, EntityAlreadyExistsException {
+    return updateEntityRelations(
+        RelationUpdate.of(
+            relType,
+            srcEntityIdent,
+            srcEntityType,
+            toRelationEdgeTargets(relType, srcEntityType, destEntitiesToAdd),
+            toRelationEdgeTargets(relType, srcEntityType, 
destEntitiesToRemove)));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Canonical relation update API. Implementations should add future 
relation-edge update
+   * attributes to {@link RelationUpdate} or {@link RelationEdgeTarget} 
instead of introducing new
+   * relation-specific overloads.
+   *
+   * @param <E> The type of the entity returned in the list, which represents 
the final state of
+   *     related entities.
+   * @param update The relation update.
+   * @return A list of entities that are related to the given entity after the 
update.
+   * @throws IOException If a storage-related error occurs.
+   * @throws NoSuchEntityException If any of the specified entities does not 
exist.
+   * @throws EntityAlreadyExistsException If a relation to be added already 
exists.
+   */
+  default <E extends Entity & HasIdentifier> List<E> 
updateEntityRelations(RelationUpdate update)
+      throws IOException, NoSuchEntityException, EntityAlreadyExistsException {
     throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
-        "updateEntityRelations is not supported by this implementation");
+        "updateEntityRelations with RelationUpdate is not supported by this 
implementation");
+  }
+
+  private static RelationEdgeTarget[] toRelationEdgeTargets(
+      Type relType, Entity.EntityType srcEntityType, NameIdentifier[] 
nameIdentifiers) {
+    if (nameIdentifiers == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    Entity.EntityType targetEntityType = relationDestinationType(relType, 
srcEntityType);
+    return Arrays.stream(nameIdentifiers)
+        .map(nameIdentifier -> RelationEdgeTarget.of(nameIdentifier, 
targetEntityType, null))
+        .toArray(RelationEdgeTarget[]::new);
+  }
+
+  private static Entity.EntityType relationDestinationType(
+      Type relType, Entity.EntityType srcEntityType) {
+    switch (relType) {
+      case POLICY_METADATA_OBJECT_REL:

Review Comment:
   I wonder what the result of the method would be if we want to query all 
metadata objects that have a specific policy or tag? Is it the parameter still 
`POLICY_METADATA_OBJECT_REL` or `TAG_METADATA_OBJECT_REL`.



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