diqiu50 commented on code in PR #13209:
URL: https://github.com/apache/gravitino/pull/13209#discussion_r4026433936


##########
spark-connector/spark-common/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/spark/connector/plugin/SparkCatalogExtensions.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.gravitino.spark.connector.plugin;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.ServiceConfigurationError;
+import java.util.ServiceLoader;
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/** Resolves Spark catalog classes contributed through {@link 
SparkCatalogExtension}. */
+public class SparkCatalogExtensions {
+
+  private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(SparkCatalogExtensions.class);
+
+  private static volatile Map<String, String> catalogClassNamesByProvider;
+
+  private SparkCatalogExtensions() {}
+
+  /**
+   * Looks up the Spark catalog class an extension registered for a provider.
+   *
+   * @param provider the Gravitino catalog provider
+   * @return the catalog class name, or null when no extension serves the 
provider
+   */
+  @Nullable
+  public static String catalogClassName(String provider) {
+    return extensions().get(provider.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
+  }
+
+  private static Map<String, String> extensions() {
+    Map<String, String> loaded = catalogClassNamesByProvider;
+    if (loaded == null) {
+      synchronized (SparkCatalogExtensions.class) {
+        loaded = catalogClassNamesByProvider;
+        if (loaded == null) {
+          loaded = load();
+          catalogClassNamesByProvider = loaded;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return loaded;
+  }
+
+  private static Map<String, String> load() {
+    Map<String, String> byProvider = new HashMap<>();
+    Iterator<SparkCatalogExtension> iterator =
+        ServiceLoader.load(SparkCatalogExtension.class, 
extensionClassLoader()).iterator();
+    while (true) {
+      try {
+        if (!iterator.hasNext()) {
+          break;
+        }
+        SparkCatalogExtension extension = iterator.next();
+        String provider = extension.provider();
+        String catalogClassName = extension.catalogClassName();
+        if (StringUtils.isBlank(provider) || 
StringUtils.isBlank(catalogClassName)) {
+          LOG.error(
+              "Skip Spark catalog extension {}: provider and catalog class 
name must not be blank,"
+                  + " got provider={}, catalogClassName={}.",
+              extension.getClass().getName(),
+              provider,
+              catalogClassName);
+          continue;
+        }
+        String normalized = provider.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        String previous = byProvider.putIfAbsent(normalized, catalogClassName);
+        if (previous != null) {
+          LOG.warn(
+              "Ignore Spark catalog extension {} for provider {}: already 
served by {}.",
+              catalogClassName,
+              normalized,
+              previous);
+        }
+      } catch (ServiceConfigurationError | LinkageError e) {

Review Comment:
   Done in 1f52b07: `load()` now also catches `RuntimeException`, so an 
extension that throws from `provider()` / `catalogClassName()` is skipped with 
an error log and the remaining extensions and built-in catalogs still register. 
Covered by `ThrowingSparkCatalogExtension`.



##########
spark-connector/spark-common/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/spark/connector/plugin/SparkCatalogExtension.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.gravitino.spark.connector.plugin;
+
+/**
+ * Service provider interface that lets a jar outside the connector supply the 
Spark catalog
+ * implementation for a Gravitino catalog provider. Implementations are 
discovered through {@link
+ * java.util.ServiceLoader} and take precedence over the catalogs the 
connector ships itself. When

Review Comment:
   Kept the flag check as is: the two flags are an explicit user opt-in for 
Iceberg/Paimon (they also inject the Iceberg/Paimon session extensions), and an 
extension jar on the class path should not turn them on implicitly. Updated the 
Javadoc in 1f52b07 to state that an extension for `lakehouse-iceberg` / 
`lakehouse-paimon` is only consulted once the corresponding flag is enabled.



##########
spark-connector/spark-common/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/spark/connector/plugin/SparkCatalogExtension.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.gravitino.spark.connector.plugin;
+
+/**
+ * Service provider interface that lets a jar outside the connector supply the 
Spark catalog
+ * implementation for a Gravitino catalog provider. Implementations are 
discovered through {@link
+ * java.util.ServiceLoader} and take precedence over the catalogs the 
connector ships itself. When

Review Comment:
   The precedence is in `CatalogNameAdaptor.getCatalogName(String)`: it calls 
`SparkCatalogExtensions.catalogClassName(provider)` first and returns that when 
non-null, and only then falls back to the built-in per-version tables. 
`GravitinoDriverPlugin.registerCatalog` resolves every catalog through that 
method.



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