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new 9433b27 netbeans blog post
9433b27 is described below
commit 9433b27403585ad8a89948bbad2a071eb895824e
Author: Paul King <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Tue Feb 25 20:52:57 2025 +1000
netbeans blog post
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+= Using Apache NetBeans with Apache Groovy
+Paul King <paulk-asert|PMC_Member>
+:revdate: 2025-02-25T22:15:00+00:00
+:keywords: netbeans, groovy, apache, debug, gradle
+:description: This post looks at using NetBeans and Groovy.
+
+> _Let's try using the latest Apache NetBeans with Apache Groovy._
+
+The https://netbeans.apache.org/[Apache NetBeans] project recently
+https://netbeans.apache.org/front/main/blogs/entry/announce-apache-netbeans-25-released/[announced]
the release of Apache NetBeans 25. Let's take it for a spin with
+https://groovy.apache.org/[Apache Groovy].
+
+We'll assume you have downloaded it as per the
+https://netbeans.apache.org/front/main/download/nb25/[NetBeans download page].
+If you haven't used NetBeans with Groovy before, you might need to enable
+to Groovy plugin. Select `Tools -> Plugins -> Installed`, Check `Groovy` and
click on `Activate`, when finished, you should see a screen like this:
+
+image:img/nb_enable_groovy_plugin.png[enabling the groovy plugin,width=600]
+
+Next, we are going to create a new project, select `File -> New Project... ->
Groovy with Gradle`.
+
+image:img/nb_create_groovy_application.png[creating a new project,width=600]
+
+Select `Groovy Application` then click `Next`.
+
+Now, fill in the project details:
+
+image:img/nb_new_application_details.png[entering project details,width=600]
+
+We are going to create a little script that uses some fraction functionality
from the
+https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-numbers/[Apache Commons Number]
library.
+We'll call the project fractions. Click `Finish` when ready.
+
+This now creates a partially filled out project using the Gradle `init` task.
+It defines some useful libraries, sets up `test` and `main` source sets for us,
+creates a versions catalog, and creates an `app` subproject.
+It has set up some nice dependencies like the
+https://spockframework.org/[Spock testing framework],
+but we won't use that in this post.
+
+So, for our little script, we'll prune back the dependencies to just those we
need.
+The versions toml file becomes:
+
+[source,toml]
+----
+[versions]
+groovy = "3.0.22"
+commons-numbers-fraction = "1.2"
+
+[libraries]
+groovy = { module = "org.codehaus.groovy:groovy", version.ref = "groovy" }
+numbers-fraction = { module = "org.apache.commons:commons-numbers-fraction",
version.ref = "commons-numbers-fraction" }
+----
+
+We'll also prune the Gradle build file slightly to this:
+
+[source,groovy]
+----
+plugins {
+ id 'groovy'
+ id 'application'
+}
+
+repositories {
+ mavenCentral()
+}
+
+dependencies {
+ implementation libs.groovy
+ implementation libs.numbers.fraction
+}
+
+java {
+ toolchain {
+ languageVersion = JavaLanguageVersion.of(21)
+ }
+}
+
+application {
+ mainClass = 'App'
+}
+----
+
+We can now create our script. It's just one _import_ statement
+and then one line of code:
+
+image:img/nb_simple_fractions_script.png[NetBeans IDE showing simple script]
+
+Running the script shows the expected output of `5 / 6`. The fractions library
+is good at getting exact results which might otherwise be prone to rounding
errors.
+
+Let's try a bit of Groovy fun. We'll define a category to make working with
fractions a little nicer. Groovy supports a number of _metapgramming_
mechanisms that let you
+add methods to classes at compile time or runtime. In this case, we'll add a
+`div` method to the `Integer` class and a `plus` method to the `Fraction`
class.
+These happen to be methods designed to work with Groovy's operator overloading.
+
+The `use` method lets us apply this change to a select code block.
+That way we won't impact using the `Integer` and `Fraction` classes
+without these changes in other places.
+
+image:img/nb_script_with_category.png[NetBeans IDE showing script with
category]
+
+The magic is in the code fragment `println 1 / 3 + 1 / 2`. The expression `1 /
3`
+works like a factory method for fractions. The `+` operator adds the fractions.
+
+NOTE: As an aside, Groovy's compiler configuration and scripting support
+means that we could hide away the definition of the `FractionCategory`
+class and the `use` call if we wanted to, leaving a script with
+just the `println 1 / 3 + 1 / 2` statement. This might be appropriate
+if we were setting up an environment for data scientists to write
+script with fractions.
+
+But we haven't finished yet. IDE's should let us debug our code.
+Let's put a breakpoint on the statement in the `plus` method of the
+`FractionCategory` class, and then run with debug.
+
+image:img/nb_debug.png[NetBeans IDE showing script debugging]
+
+Execution has halted. We can inspect the `self` and `other` variables and
+set up add watch expressions like `other.doubleValue()`.
+
+The default Groovy version generated by the Gradle init invocation earlier
+was the latest Groovy 3 version.
+But we can easily change that. Let's swap to Groovy 5 (currently in alpha
releases)
+and look at a new Groovy 5 feature, the `OperatorRename` AST transform.
+
+If provides an alternative to our earlier category. Simplify slightly,
+it changes operator overloading in early parsing. You can use operator
+overloading in the source code, and it is renamed to normal method
+calls, removing the need for subsequent metaprogramming.
+
+image:img/nb_groovy5.png[using Groovy 5]
+
+So, the `+` in the assert statement at line 6 is converted into
+an `add` method call instead of Groovy's normal `plus` method call.
+You can read more about this new feature in the
+https://groovy-lang.org/releasenotes/groovy-5.0.html[Groovy 5 release notes].
