Repository: incubator-hawq-docs Updated Branches: refs/heads/master bce28faa4 -> 501b7d588
add support for active directory KDC server (closes #132) Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq-docs/repo Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq-docs/commit/501b7d58 Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq-docs/tree/501b7d58 Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq-docs/diff/501b7d58 Branch: refs/heads/master Commit: 501b7d5885b3d2029d6687d50b6f91073cdf65fc Parents: bce28fa Author: Lisa Owen <[email protected]> Authored: Thu Oct 26 14:29:23 2017 -0700 Committer: David Yozie <[email protected]> Committed: Thu Oct 26 14:29:23 2017 -0700 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .../source/subnavs/apache-hawq-nav.erb | 13 +- .../clientaccess/kerberos-mitkdc.html.md.erb | 113 ++++ .../kerberos-securehdfs.html.md.erb | 219 ++++++ .../clientaccess/kerberos-userauth.html.md.erb | 459 +++++++++++++ markdown/clientaccess/kerberos.html.md.erb | 670 +------------------ 5 files changed, 815 insertions(+), 659 deletions(-) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq-docs/blob/501b7d58/book/master_middleman/source/subnavs/apache-hawq-nav.erb ---------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/book/master_middleman/source/subnavs/apache-hawq-nav.erb b/book/master_middleman/source/subnavs/apache-hawq-nav.erb index 03f0755..30bdba8 100644 --- a/book/master_middleman/source/subnavs/apache-hawq-nav.erb +++ b/book/master_middleman/source/subnavs/apache-hawq-nav.erb @@ -158,8 +158,19 @@ <li> <a href="/docs/userguide/2.2.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/ldap.html">Using LDAP Authentication with TLS/SSL</a> </li> - <li> + <li class="has_submenu"> <a href="/docs/userguide/2.2.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/kerberos.html">Using Kerberos Authentication</a> + <ul> + <li> + <a href="/docs/userguide/2.2.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/kerberos-securehdfs.html">Configuring HAWQ/PXF for Secure HDFS</a> + </li> + <li> + <a href="/docs/userguide/2.2.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/kerberos-userauth.html">Configuring Kerberos User Authentication for HAWQ</a> + </li> + <li> + <a href="/docs/userguide/2.2.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/kerberos-mitkdc.html">Example - Setting up an MIT KDC Server</a> + </li> + </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/docs/userguide/2.2.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/disable-kerberos.html">Disabling Kerberos Security</a> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq-docs/blob/501b7d58/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-mitkdc.html.md.erb ---------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-mitkdc.html.md.erb b/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-mitkdc.html.md.erb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..32b1040 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-mitkdc.html.md.erb @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ +--- +title: Example - Setting up an MIT KDC Server +--- + +<!-- +Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +distributed with this work for additional information +regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + + http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + +Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +software distributed under the License is distributed on an +"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +specific language governing permissions and limitations +under the License. +--> + +Follow this procedure to install and configure a Kerberos KDC server on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux host. The KDC server resides on the host named \<kdc-server\>. + +1. Log in to the Kerberos KDC Server system as a superuser: + + ``` shell + $ ssh root@<kdc-server> + root@kdc-server$ + ``` + +2. Install the Kerberos server packages: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ yum install krb5-libs krb5-server krb5-workstation + ``` + +3. Define the Kerberos realm for your cluster by editting the `/etc/krb5.conf` configuration file. The following example configures a Kerberos server with a realm named `REALM.DOMAIN` residing on a host named `hawq-kdc`. + + ``` + [logging] +  default = FILE:/var/log/krb5libs.log +  kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log +  admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log + + [libdefaults] +  default_realm = REALM.DOMAIN +  dns_lookup_realm = false +  dns_lookup_kdc = false +  ticket_lifetime = 24h +  renew_lifetime = 7d +  forwardable = true +  default_tgs_enctypes = aes128-cts des3-hmac-sha1 des-cbc-crc des-cbc-md5 +  default_tkt_enctypes = aes128-cts des3-hmac-sha1 des-cbc-crc des-cbc-md5 +  permitted_enctypes = aes128-cts des3-hmac-sha1 des-cbc-crc des-cbc-md5 + + [realms] +  REALM.DOMAIN = { +   kdc = hawq-kdc:88 +   admin_server = hawq-kdc:749 +   default_domain = hawq-kdc + } + + [domain_realm] +  .hawq-kdc = REALM.DOMAIN +  hawq-kdc = REALM.DOMAIN + + [appdefaults] +  pam = { +     debug = false +     ticket_lifetime = 36000 +     renew_lifetime = 36000 +     forwardable = true +     krb4_convert = false + } + ``` + + The `kdc` and `admin_server` keys in the `[realms]` section specify the host \(`hawq-kdc`\) and port on which the Kerberos server is running. You can use an IP address in place of a host name. + + If your Kerberos server manages authentication for other realms, you would instead add the `REALM.DOMAINM` realm in the `[realms]` and `[domain_realm]` sections of the `krb5.conf` file. See the [Kerberos documentation](http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/krb5-latest/doc/) for detailed information about the `krb5.conf` configuration file. + +4. Note the Kerberos KDC server host name or IP address and the name of the realm in which your cluster resides. You will need this information in later procedures. +5. Create a Kerberos KDC database by running the `kdb5_util` command: + + ``` + root@kdc-server$ kdb5_util create -s + ``` + + The `kdb5_util create` command creates the database in which the keys for the Kerberos realms managed by this KDC server are stored. The `-s` option instructs the command to create a stash file. Without the stash file, the KDC server will request a password every time it starts. + +6. Add an administrative user to the Kerberos KDC database with the `kadmin.local` utility. Because it does not itself depend on Kerberos authentication, the `kadmin.local` utility allows you to add an initial administrative user to the local Kerberos server. To add the user `admin` as an administrative user to the KDC database, run the following command: + + ``` + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc admin/admin" + ``` + + Most users do not need administrative access to the Kerberos server. They can use `kadmin` to manage their own principals \(for example, to change their own password\). For information about `kadmin`, see the [Kerberos documentation](http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/krb5-latest/doc/). + +7. If required, edit the `/var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.acl` file to grant the appropriate permissions to `admin`. +8. Start the Kerberos daemons: + + ``` + root@kdc-server$ /sbin/service krb5kdc start + root@kdc-server$ /sbin/service kadmin start + ``` + +9. To start Kerberos automatically upon system restart: + + ``` + root@kdc-server$ /sbin/chkconfig krb5kdc on + root@kdc-server$ /sbin/chkconfig kadmin on + ``` http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq-docs/blob/501b7d58/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-securehdfs.html.md.erb ---------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-securehdfs.html.md.erb b/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-securehdfs.html.md.erb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..27369e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-securehdfs.html.md.erb @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ +--- +title: Configuring HAWQ/PXF for Secure HDFS +--- + +<!-- +Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +distributed with this work for additional information +regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + + http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + +Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +software distributed under the License is distributed on an +"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +specific language governing permissions and limitations +under the License. +--> + +When Kerberos is enabled for your HDFS filesystem, HAWQ, as an HDFS client, requires a principal and keytab file to authenticate access to HDFS (filesystem) and YARN (resource management). If you have enabled Kerberos at the HDFS filesystem level, you will create and deploy principals for your HDFS cluster, and ensure that Kerberos authentication is enabled and functioning for all HDFS client services, including HAWQ and PXF. + +You will perform different procedures depending upon whether you use Ambari to manage your HAWQ cluster or you manage your cluster from the command line. + +## <a id="task_kerbhdfs_ambarimgd"></a>Procedure for Ambari-Managed Clusters + +If you manage your cluster with Ambari, you will enable Kerberos authentication for your cluster as described in the [Enabling Kerberos Authentication Using Ambari](https://docs.hortonworks.com/HDPDocuments/HDP2/HDP-2.5.3/bk_security/content/configuring_amb_hdp_for_kerberos.html) Hortonworks documentation. The Ambari **Kerberos Security Wizard** guides you through the kerberization process, including installing Kerberos client packages on cluster nodes, syncing Kerberos configuration files, updating cluster configuration, and creating and distributing the Kerberos principals and keytab files for your Hadoop cluster services, including HAWQ and PXF. + +## <a id="task_kerbhdfs_cmdlinemgd"></a>Procedure for Command-Line-Managed Clusters + +**Note**: HAWQ does not support command-line-managed clusters employing an Active Directory KDC. + +If you manage your cluster from the command line, before you configure HAWQ and PXF for access to a secure HDFS filesystem ensure that you have: + +- Enabled Kerberos for your Hadoop cluster per the instructions for your specific distribution and verified the configuration. + +- Verified that the HDFS configuration parameter `dfs.block.access.token.enable` is set to `true`. You can find this setting in the `hdfs-site.xml` configuration file. + +- Noted the host name or IP address of your HAWQ \<master\> and Kerberos Key Distribution Center \(KDC\) \<kdc-server\> nodes. + +- Noted the name of the Kerberos \<realm\> in which your cluster resides. + +- Distributed the `/etc/krb5.conf` Kerberos configuration file on the KDC server node to **each** HAWQ and PXF cluster node if not already present. For example: + + ``` shell + $ ssh root@<hawq-node> + root@hawq-node$ cp /etc/krb5.conf /save/krb5.conf.save + root@hawq-node$ scp <kdc-server>:/etc/krb5.conf /etc/krb5.conf + ``` + +- Verified that the Kerberos client packages are installed on **each** HAWQ and PXF node. + + ``` shell + root@hawq-node$ rpm -qa | grep krb + root@hawq-node$ yum install krb5-libs krb5-workstation + ``` + +#### <a id="task_kerbhdfs_cmdlinemgd_steps"></a>Procedure + +Perform the following steps to configure HAWQ and PXF for a secure HDFS. You will perform operations on both the HAWQ \<master\> and the \<kdc-server\> nodes. + +1. Log in to the Kerberos KDC server as the `root` user. + + ``` shell + $ ssh root@<kdc-server> + root@kdc-server$ + ``` + +2. Use the `kadmin.local` command to create a Kerberos principal for the `postgres` user. Substitute your \<realm\>. For example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey [email protected]" + ``` + +3. Use `kadmin.local` to create a Kerberos service principal for **each** host on which a PXF agent is configured and running. The service principal should be of the form `pxf/<host>@<realm>` where \<host\> is the DNS resolvable, fully-qualified hostname of the PXF host system \(output of `hostname -f` command\). + + For example, these commands add service principals for three PXF nodes on the hosts host1.example.com, host2.example.com, and host3.example.com: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey pxf/[email protected]" + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey pxf/[email protected]" + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey pxf/[email protected]" + ``` + + **Note:** As an alternative, if you have a hosts file that lists the fully-qualified domain name of each PXF host \(one host per line\), then you can generate principals using the command: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ for HOST in $(cat hosts) ; do sudo kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey pxf/[email protected]" ; done + ``` + +4. Generate a keytab file for each principal that you created in the previous steps \(i.e. `postgres` and each `pxf/<host>`\). Save the keytab files in any convenient location \(this example uses the directory `/etc/security/keytabs`\). You will deploy the service principal keytab files to their respective HAWQ and PXF host machines in a later step. For example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab [email protected]" + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host1.service.keytab pxf/[email protected]" + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host2.service.keytab pxf/[email protected]" + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host3.service.keytab pxf/[email protected]" + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "listprincs" + ``` + + Repeat the `xst` command as necessary to generate a keytab for each HAWQ and PXF service principal that you created in the previous steps. + +5. The HAWQ master server requires a `/etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab` keytab file for the HDFS principal. If this file does not already exist on the HAWQ master node, create the principal and generate the keytab. For example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey [email protected]" + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab [email protected]" + ``` + +6. Copy the HAWQ service keytab file \(and the HDFS headless keytab file if you created one) to the HAWQ master segment host. For example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab <master>:/etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab <master>:/etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab + ``` + +7. Change the ownership and permissions on `hawq.service.keytab` (and `hdfs.headless.keytab`) as follows: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ ssh <master> chown gpadmin:gpadmin /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ ssh <master> chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ ssh <master> chown hdfs:hdfs /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab + root@kdc-server$ ssh <master> chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab + ``` + +8. Copy the keytab file for each PXF service principal to its respective host. For example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host1.service.keytab host1.example.com:/etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host2.service.keytab host2.example.com:/etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host3.service.keytab host3.example.com:/etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab + ``` + + Note the keytab file location on each PXF host; you will need this information for a later configuration step. + +9. Change the ownership and permissions on the `pxf.service.keytab` files. For example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ ssh host1.example.com chown pxf:pxf /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ ssh host1.example.com chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ ssh host2.example.com chown pxf:pxf /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ ssh host2.example.com chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ ssh host3.example.com chown pxf:pxf /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab + root@kdc-server$ ssh host3.example.com chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab + ``` + +10. On **each** PXF node, edit the `/etc/pxf/conf/pxf-site.xml` configuration file to identify the local keytab file and security principal name. Add or uncomment the properties, substituting your \<realm\>. For example: + + ``` xml + <property> + <name>pxf.service.kerberos.keytab</name> + <value>/etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab</value> + <description>path to keytab file owned by pxf service + with permissions 0400</description> + </property> + + <property> + <name>pxf.service.kerberos.principal</name> + <value>pxf/[email protected]</value> + <description>Kerberos principal pxf service should use. + _HOST is replaced automatically with hostnames + FQDN</description> + </property> + ``` + +11. Perform the remaining steps on the HAWQ master node as the `gpadmin` user: + 1. Log in to the HAWQ master node and set up the HAWQ runtime environment: + + ``` shell + $ ssh gpadmin@<master> + gpadmin@master$ . /usr/local/hawq/greenplum_path.sh + ``` + + 2. Run the following commands to configure Kerberos HDFS security for HAWQ and identify the keytab file: + + ``` shell + gpadmin@master$ hawq config -c enable_secure_filesystem -v ON + gpadmin@master$ hawq config -c krb_server_keyfile -v /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab + ``` + + 3. Start the HAWQ service: + + ``` shell + gpadmin@master$ hawq start cluster -a + ``` + + 4. Obtain a HDFS Kerberos ticket and change the ownership and permissions of the HAWQ HDFS data directory, substituting the HDFS data directory path for your HAWQ cluster. For example: + + ``` shell + gpadmin@master$ sudo -u hdfs kinit -kt /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab hdfs + gpadmin@master$ sudo -u hdfs hdfs dfs -chown -R postgres:gpadmin /<hawq_data_hdfs_path> + ``` + + 5. On the **HAWQ master node and each segment node**, edit the `/usr/local/hawq/etc/hdfs-client.xml` file to enable kerberos security and assign the HDFS NameNode principal. Add or uncomment the following properties in each file: + + ``` xml + <property> + <name>hadoop.security.authentication</name> + <value>kerberos</value> + </property> + ``` + + 6. If you are using YARN for resource management, edit the `yarn-client.xml` file to enable kerberos security. Add or uncomment the following property in the `yarn-client.xml` file on the **HAWQ master and each HAWQ segment node**: + + ``` xml + <property> + <name>hadoop.security.authentication</name> + <value>kerberos</value> + </property> + ``` + + 7. Restart your HAWQ cluster: + + ``` shell + gpadmin@master$ hawq restart cluster -a -M fast + ``` http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq-docs/blob/501b7d58/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-userauth.html.md.erb ---------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-userauth.html.md.erb b/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-userauth.html.md.erb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..39f0280 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos-userauth.html.md.erb @@ -0,0 +1,459 @@ +--- +title: Configuring Kerberos User Authentication for HAWQ +--- + +<!-- +Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +distributed with this work for additional information +regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + + http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + +Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +software distributed under the License is distributed on an +"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +specific language governing permissions and limitations +under the License. +--> + +When Kerberos authentication is enabled at the user level, HAWQ uses the Generic Security Service Application Program Interface \(GSSAPI\) to provide automatic authentication \(single sign-on\). When HAWQ uses Kerberos user authentication, both the HAWQ server and those HAWQ users \(roles\) that use Kerberos authentication require a principal and a keytab. When a user attempts to log in to HAWQ, the HAWQ server uses its Kerberos principal to connect to the Kerberos server, and presents the user's principal for Kerberos validation. If the user's principal is valid, then login succeeds and the user can access HAWQ. Conversely, the login fails and HAWQ denies access to the user if the principal is not valid. + +When HAWQ utilizes Kerberos for user authentication, it uses a single HAWQ server principal to connect to the Kerberos KDC. The format of the HAWQ server principal is `postgres/<FQDN_of_master>@<realm>`, where \<FQDN\_of\_master\> refers to the fully qualified distinguish name of the HAWQ master node. + +(You may choose to configure HAWQ user principals before you enable Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ. See [Configuring Kerberos-Authenticated HAWQ Users](#hawq_kerb_user_cfg).) + +The procedure to configure Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ includes: + +1. Configuring the HAWQ principal: + + 1. If you use an MIT Kerberos KDC Server, refer to [Configuring the HAWQ Principals using an MIT KDC Server](#hawq_kerb_cfg_mitkdc). + + 2. If you use an Active Directory Kerberos KDC Server, refer to [Configuring the HAWQ Principal using an AD KDC Server](#hawq_kerb_cfg_adkdc). + +2. [Configuring HAWQ to use Kerberos Authentication](#hawq_kerb_cfg) +3. [Configuring Kerberos-Authenticated HAWQ Users](#hawq_kerb_user_cfg) +4. [Authenticating User Access to HAWQ](#hawq_kerb_dbaccess) + +## <a id="hawq_kerb_cfg_mitkdc"></a>Step 1a: Configuring the HAWQ Principals using an MIT KDC Server + +Perform the following procedure to configure HAWQ Kerberos and `gpadmin` principals when you are using an MIT KDC server. + +**Note**: Some operations may differ based on whether or not you have configured secure HDFS. These operations are called out below. + +1. Log in to the Kerberos KDC server system: + + ``` shell + $ ssh root@<kdc-server> + root@kdc-server$ + ``` + +2. Create a keytab entry for the HAWQ server principal using the `kadmin.local` command. Substitute the HAWQ master node fully qualified distinguished hostname and your Kerberos realm. For example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey postgres/<master>@REALM.DOMAIN" + ``` + + The `addprinc` command adds the principal `postgres/<master>` to the KDC managing your \<realm\>. + +3. Generate a keytab file for the HAWQ server principal. Provide the same name you used to create the principal. + + **If you have configured Kerberos for your HDFS filesystem**, add the keytab to the HAWQ client HDFS keytab file: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -norandkey -k /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab postgres/<master>@REALM.DOMAIN" + ``` + + **Otherwise**, generate a new file for the keytab: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -norandkey -k hawq-krb5.keytab postgres/<master>@REALM.DOMAIN" + ``` + +4. Use the `klist` command to view the key you just generated: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ klist -ket ./hawq-krb5.keytab + ``` + + Or: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ klist -ket /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab + ``` + + The `-ket` option lists the keytabs and encryption types in the identified key file. + +5. When you enable Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ, you must create a Kerberos principal for `gpadmin` or another HAWQ administrative user. Create a Kerberos principal for the HAWQ `gpadmin` administrative role, substituting your Kerberos realm. For example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -pw changeme [email protected]" + ``` + + This `addprinc` command adds the principal `gpadmin` to the Kerberos KDC managing your \<realm\>. When you invoke `kadmin.local` as specified in the example above, `gpadmin` will be required to provide the password identified by the `-pw` option when authenticating. Alternatively, you can create a keytab file for the `gpadmin` principal and distribute the file to HAWQ client nodes. + +6. Copy the file in which you added the `postgres/<master>@<realm>` keytab to the HAWQ master node: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ scp ./hawq-krb5.keytab gpadmin@<master>:/home/gpadmin/ + ``` + + Or: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab gpadmin@<master>:/etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab + ``` + +## <a id="hawq_kerb_cfg_adkdc"></a>Step 1b: Configuring the HAWQ Principal using an AD KDC Server + +Perform the following procedure to configure a HAWQ Kerberos principal when you are using an AD KDC server. + +1. Log on to the Windows Active Directory Kerberos KDC server system as a user with administrator privileges. + +2. From the **Start** menu, select **Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Active Directory Users and Computers**. (If the **Active Directory Users and Computers** menu item is not available, the Active Directory service may not have been correctly installed.) + + The **Active Directory Users and Computers** window displays. + +3. When you enable Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ, you must create a Kerberos principal for the `gpadmin` HAWQ administrative user. Use the left pane tree view to navigate to your Kerberos \<realm\> **Managed Service Accounts** folder, right-click, and select **New > User** to create a user with this name. + + The **New Object - User** wizard displays. + +4. Fill in the **New Object - User** fields: + + **First name:** gpadmin + **User logon name:** gpadmin + +5. Click **Next** to advance to the next screen. + +6. Add and confirm the password. Be sure to enable the **Password never expires** checkbox. + +7. Click **Next**, and then **Finish** to complete creation of the `gpadmin` user. + +8. Open an administrative terminal window or command prompt session on the Windows AD KDC server system. Be sure to select **Run as administrator -> Yes**. + +9. Add a Service Name Principal (SNP) for the `gpadmin` account you just created. Substitute the fully qualified distinguished name of your HAWQ master node. This hostname must be resolvable from the Windows AD KDC server. For example: + + ``` shell + PS C:\Users\Administrator> setspn -A postgres/<master> gpadmin + ``` + + The `setspn` command adds the principal `postgres/<master>` to the KDC managing your \<realm\>. + +10. Create a keytab file for the `postgres/<master>` SPN using the `ktpass` command. Substitute the HAWQ master node fully qualified distinguished hostname and your Kerberos realm. For example: + + ```shell + PS C:\Users\Administrator> ktpass -princ postgres/<master>@<realm> -pass changeme -mapuser gpadmin -crypto ALL -ptype KRB5_NT_PRINCIPAL -out hawq-krb5.keytab -kvno 0 + ``` + + The `ktpass` command generates a keytab file named `hawq-krb5.keytab`. + +11. Copy the keytab file to the HAWQ master node. + + +## <a id="hawq_kerb_cfg"></a>Step 2: Configuring HAWQ to use Kerberos Authentication + +Perform the following procedure to configure Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ. You will perform operations on the HAWQ \<master\> node. + +1. Log in to the HAWQ master node as the `gpadmin` user and set up the HAWQ environment: + + ``` shell + $ ssh gpadmin@<master> + gpadmin@master$ . /usr/local/hawq/greenplum_path.sh + ``` + +2. If you copied the `hawq-krb5.keytab` file, verify the ownership and mode of this file: + + ``` shell + gpadmin@master$ chown gpadmin:gpadmin /home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab + gpadmin@master$ chmod 400 /home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab + ``` + + The HAWQ server keytab file must be readable (and preferably only readable) by the HAWQ `gpadmin` administrative account. + +3. Add a `pg_hba.conf` entry that mandates Kerberos authentication for HAWQ. The `pg_hba.conf` file resides in the directory specified by the `hawq_master_directory` server configuration parameter value. For example, add: + + ``` pre + host all all 0.0.0.0/0 gss include_realm=0 krb_realm=REALM.DOMAIN + ``` + + This `pg_hba.conf` entry specifies that any remote access (i.e. from any user on any remote host) to HAWQ must be authenticated through the Kerberos realm named `REALM.DOMAIN`. + + **Note**: Place the Kerberos entry in the appropriate location in the `pg_hba.conf` file. For example, you may choose to retain `pg_hba.conf` entries for the `gpadmin` user that grant `trust` or `ident` authentication for local connections. Locate the Kerberos entry after these line(s). Refer to [Configuring Client Authentication](client_auth.html) for additional information about the `pg_hba.conf` file. + +4. Update the HAWQ configuration and restart your cluster. You will perform different procedures if you manage your cluster from the command line or use Ambari to manage your cluster. + + **Note**: After you restart your hawq cluster, Kerberos user authentication is enabled for HAWQ, and all users, including `gpadmin`, must authenticate before performing any HAWQ operations. + + 1. If you manage your cluster using Ambari or are employing a Windows Active Directory KDC server: + + 1. Login in to the Ambari UI from a supported web browser. + + 2. Navigate to the **HAWQ** service, **Configs > Advanced** tab and expand the **Custom hawq-site** drop down. + + 3. Set the `krb_server_keyfile` path value to the new keytab file location, `/home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab`. + + 4. **Save** this configuration change and then select the now orange **Restart > Restart All Affected** menu button to restart your HAWQ cluster. + + 5. Exit the Ambari UI. + + 2. If you manage your cluster from the command line: + + 1. Update the `krb_server_keyfile` configuration parameter: + + ``` shell + gpadmin@master$ hawq config -c krb_server_keyfile -v '/home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab' + GUC krb_server_keyfile already exist in hawq-site.xml + Update it with value: /home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab + GUC : krb_server_keyfile + Value : /home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab + ``` + + 2. Restart your HAWQ cluster: + + ``` shell + gpadmin@master$ hawq restart cluster + ``` + +5. When Kerberos user authentication is enabled for HAWQ, all users, including the `gpadmin` administrative user, must request a ticket to authenticate before performing HAWQ operations. Generate a ticket for `gpadmin` on the HAWQ master node. You may be required to enter a password if you specified one when you created the principal. For example: + + ``` shell + gpadmin@master$ kinit gpadmin@<realm> + ``` + + **Note**: If you are using an Active Directory KDC server and the `kinit` command fails with the error "Preauthentication failed while getting initial credentials", navigate to the `gpadmin` **Account options** view on the Windows AD server system and enable the **Do not require Kerberos preauthentication** checkbox. + + See [Authenticate User Access to HAWQ](#hawq_kerb_dbaccess) for more information about requesting and generating Kerberos tickets. + + +## <a id="hawq_kerb_user_cfg"></a>Step 3: Configuring Kerberos-Authenticated HAWQ Users + +You must configure HAWQ user principals for Kerberos. The first component of a HAWQ user principal must be the HAWQ user/role name: + +``` pre +<hawq-user>@<realm> +``` + +This procedure includes: + +- Identifying an existing HAWQ role or creating a new HAWQ role for each user you want to authenticate with Kerberos +- Creating a Kerberos principal for each role +- Optionally generating and distributing a keytab file to all HAWQ clients from which you will access HAWQ as the new role + + +### <a id="hawq_kerb_user_cfg_proc" class="no-quick-link"></a>Procedure + +Perform the following steps to configure Kerberos authentication for specific HAWQ users. You will perform operations on both the HAWQ \<master\> and the \<kdc-server\> nodes. + +1. Log in to the HAWQ master node as the `gpadmin` user and set up your HAWQ environment: + + ``` shell + $ ssh gpadmin@master + gpadmin@master$ . /usr/local/hawq/greenplum_path.sh + ``` + +2. Identify the name of an existing HAWQ user/role or create a new HAWQ user/role. For example: + + ``` shell + gpadmin@master$ psql -d template1 -c 'CREATE ROLE "bill_kerberos" with LOGIN;' + ``` + + This step creates a HAWQ operational role. Create an administrative HAWQ role by adding the `SUPERUSER` clause to the `CREATE ROLE` command. + +2. Create a principal for the HAWQ role. Substitute the Kerberos realm you noted earlier. + + MIT KDC server example: + + ``` shell + $ ssh root@<kdc-server> + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -pw changeme [email protected]" + ``` + + Active Directory KDC server example (generates a keytab file): + + ```shell + PS C:\Users\Administrator> ktpass -princ [email protected] -pass changeme -mapuser bill -crypto ALL -ptype KRB5_NT_PRINCIPAL -out bill-krb5.keytab -kvno 0 + ``` + +3. You may choose to authenticate the HAWQ role with a password or a keytab file. + + 1. If you choose password authentication, no further configuration is required. `bill_kerberos` will provide the password identified by the `-pw` or `pass` option when authenticating. Skip the rest of this step. + + 2. If you choose authentication via a keytab file: + + 1. Generate a keytab file for the HAWQ principal you created, again substituting your Kerberos realm. + + MIT KDC server example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k bill-krb5.keytab [email protected]" + ``` + + The keytab entry is saved to the `./bill-krb5.keytab` file. + + 2. View the key you just added to `bill-krb5.keytab`: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ klist -ket ./bill-krb5.keytab + ``` + + 3. Distribute the keytab file to **each** HAWQ node from which you will access the HAWQ master as the user/role. For example: + + ``` shell + root@kdc-server$ scp ./bill-krb5.keytab bill@<hawq-node>:/home/bill/ + ``` + +4. Log in to the HAWQ node as the user for whom you created the principal and set up your HAWQ environment: + + ``` shell + $ ssh bill@<hawq-node> + bill@hawq-node$ . /usr/local/hawq/greenplum_path.sh + ``` + +5. If you are using keytab file authentication, verify the ownership and mode of the keytab file: + + ``` shell + bill@hawq-node$ chown bill:bill /home/bill/bill-krb5.keytab + bill@hawq-node$ chmod 400 /home/bill/bill-krb5.keytab + ``` + +8. Access HAWQ as the new `bill_kerberos` user: + + ``` shell + bill@hawq-node$ psql -d testdb -h <master> -U bill_kerberos + psql: GSSAPI continuation error: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information + GSSAPI continuation error: Credentials cache file '/tmp/krb5cc_502' not found + ``` + + The operation fails. The `bill_kerberos` user has not yet authenticated with the Kerberos server. The next section, [Authenticating User Access to HAWQ](#hawq_kerb_dbaccess), identifies the procedure required for HAWQ users to authenticate with Kerberos. + +## <a id="hawq_kerb_dbaccess"></a>Step 4: Authenticating User Access to HAWQ + +When Kerberos user authentication is enabled for HAWQ, users must request a ticket from the Kerberos KDC server before connecting to HAWQ. You must request the ticket for a principal matching the requested database user name. When granted, the ticket expires after a set period of time, after which you will need to request another ticket. + +To generate a Kerberos ticket, run the `kinit` command. Specify the Kerberos principal for which you are requesting the ticket in a command option. You may optionally specify a path to a keytab file. + +For example, to request a ticket for the `bill_kerberos` user principal you created above using the keytab file for authentication: + +``` shell +bill@hawq-node$ kinit -k -t /home/bill/bill-krb5.keytab [email protected] +``` + +To request a ticket for the `bill_kerberos` user principal using password authentication: + +``` shell +bill@hawq-node$ kinit [email protected] +Password for [email protected]: +``` + +`kinit` prompts you for the password; enter the password at the prompt. + +For more information about the ticket, use the `klist` command. `klist` invoked without any arguments lists the currently held Kerberos principal and tickets. The command output also provides the ticket expiration time. + +Example output from the `klist` command: + +``` shell +bill@hawq-node$ klist +Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_502 +Default principal: [email protected] + +Valid starting Expires Service principal +06/07/17 23:16:04 06/08/17 23:16:04 krbtgt/[email protected] + renew until 06/07/17 23:16:04 +06/07/17 23:16:07 06/08/17 23:16:04 postgres/master@ + renew until 06/07/17 23:16:04 +06/07/17 23:16:07 06/08/17 23:16:04 postgres/[email protected] + renew until 06/07/17 23:16:04 +``` + +After generating a ticket, you can connect to a HAWQ database as a kerberos-authenticated user using `psql` or other client programs. + +### <a id="topic7" class="no-quick-link"></a>Name Mapping + +To simplify Kerberos-authenticated HAWQ user login, you can define a mapping between a user's Kerberos principal name and a HAWQ database user name. You define the mapping in the `pg_ident.conf` file. You use a mapping by specifying a `map=<map-name>` option to a specific entry in the `pg_hba.conf` file. + +The `pg_ident.conf` and `pg_hba.conf` files reside on the HAWQ master node in the directory identified by the `hawq_master_directory` server configuration parameter setting value. + +You use the `pg_ident.conf` file to define user name maps. You can create entries in this file that define a mapping name, a Kerberos principal name, and a HAWQ database user name. For example: + +``` +# MAPNAME   SYSTEM-USERNAME HAWQ-USERNAME +kerbmap     /^([a-z]+)_kerberos   \1 +``` + +This entry extracts the component prefacing the `_kerberos` of the Kerberos principal name and maps that to a HAWQ user/role. + +You identify the map name in the `pg_hba.conf` file entry that enables Kerberos support using the `map=<mapname>` option. For example: + +``` +host all all 0.0.0.0/0 gss include_realm=0 krb_realm=REALM.DOMAIN map=kerbmap +``` + +Suppose that you are logged in as Linux user `bsmith`, your Kerberos principal is `[email protected]`, and you want to log in to HAWQ as user `bill`. With the `kerbmap` mapping configured in `pg_ident.conf` and `pg_hba.conf` as described above and a ticket for Kerberos principal `bill_kerberos`, you log in to HAWQ with the user name `bill` as follows: + +``` shell +bsmith@hawq-node$ klist +Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_500 +Default principal: [email protected] +bsmith@hawq-node$ psql -d testdb -h <master> -U bill +psql (8.2.15) +Type "help" for help. + +testdb=> SELECT current_user; + current_user +-------------- + bill +(1 row) +``` + +For more information about specifying username maps see [Username maps](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/static/auth-username-maps.html) in the PostgreSQL documentation. + +## <a id="client_considerations"></a>Kerberos Considerations for Non-HAWQ Clients + +If you access HAWQ databases from any clients outside of your HAWQ cluster, and Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ is enabled, you must specifically configure Kerberos access on each client system. Ensure that: + +- You have created the appropriate Kerberos principal for the HAWQ user and optionally generated and distributed the keytab file. +- The `krb5-libs` and `krb5-workstation` Kerberos client packages are installed on each Linux client. +- You copy the `/etc/krb5.conf` Kerberos configuration file from the KDC or HAWQ master node to each client system. +- The HAWQ user requests a ticket before connecting to HAWQ. + +## <a id="topic9"></a>Configuring JDBC for Kerberos-Enabled HAWQ + +JDBC applications that you run must utilize a secure connection when Kerberos is configured for HAWQ user authentication. + +The following example database connection URL uses a PostgreSQL JDBC driver and specifies parameters for Kerberos authentication: + +``` +jdbc:postgresql://master:5432/testdb?kerberosServerName=postgres&jaasApplicationName=pgjdbc&user=bill_kerberos +``` + +The connection URL parameter names and values specified will depend upon how the Java application performs Kerberos authentication. + +Before configuring JDBC access to a kerberized HAWQ, verify that: + +- The Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) is installed on the client system (non-OpenJDK Java installations). +- Kerberos user authentication is configured for HAWQ as described in [Configure Kerberos User Authentication for HAWQ](#hawq_kerb_cfg). +- If you are accessing HAWQ from a client node that resides outside of your HAWQ cluster, verify that the client is configured as described in [Kerberos Considerations for Non-HAWQ Clients](#client_considerations). + +### <a id="topic9_proc" class="no-quick-link"></a>Procedure + +Perform the following procedure to enable Kerberos-authenticated JDBC access to HAWQ from a client system. + +1. Create or add the following to the `.java.login.config` file in the `$HOME` directory of the user account under which the application will run: + + ``` pre + pgjdbc { +   com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule required +   doNotPrompt=true +   useTicketCache=true +   debug=true +   client=true; + }; + ``` + +2. Generate a Kerberos ticket. + +3. Run the JDBC-based HAWQ application. http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-hawq-docs/blob/501b7d58/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos.html.md.erb ---------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos.html.md.erb b/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos.html.md.erb index 464aef4..6d88d5c 100644 --- a/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos.html.md.erb +++ b/markdown/clientaccess/kerberos.html.md.erb @@ -33,667 +33,21 @@ Before configuring Kerberos authentication for HAWQ, ensure that: - System time on the Kerberos server and HAWQ hosts is synchronized. \(For example, install the `ntp` package on both servers.\) - Network connectivity exists between the Kerberos server and all nodes in the HAWQ cluster. - Java 1.7.0\_17 or later is installed on all nodes in your cluster. Java 1.7.0_17 is required to use Kerberos-authenticated JDBC on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.x or 7.x. -- You can identify the Key Distribution Center \(KDC\) server you use for Kerberos authentication. See [Example: Install and Configure a Kerberos KDC Server](#task_setup_kdc) if you have not yet set up your KDC. +- You can identify the Key Distribution Center \(KDC\) server you use for Kerberos authentication and the Kerberos realm in which your cluster resides. + - If you plan to use an MIT Kerberos KDC Server but have not yet configured it, see [Example: Setting up an MIT Kerberos KDC Server](kerberos-mitkdc.html) for example instructions. + - If you are using an existing Active Directory KDC Server, also ensure that you have: + - Installed all Active Directory service roles on your AD KDC server. + - Enabled the LDAP service. -## <a id="task_kerbhdfs"></a>Configuring HAWQ/PXF for Secure HDFS + Refer to the [Using an Existing Active Directory](https://docs.hortonworks.com/HDPDocuments/HDP2/HDP-2.5.0/bk_security/content/_use_an_existing_active_directory_domain.html) Hortonworks documentation for additional preparation instructions. + +**Note**: HAWQ supports Active Directory KDC servers only for Ambari-managed clusters. HAWQ does not support command-line-managed clusters employing an Active Directory KDC server. -When Kerberos is enabled for your HDFS filesystem, HAWQ, as an HDFS client, requires a principal and keytab file to authenticate access to HDFS (filesystem) and YARN (resource management). If you have enabled Kerberos at the HDFS filesystem level, you will create and deploy principals for your HDFS cluster, and ensure that Kerberos authentication is enabled and functioning for all HDFS client services, including HAWQ and PXF. -### <a id="task_kerbhdfs_ambarimgd"></a>Procedure for Ambari-Managed Clusters +## <a id="kerberos_procedures"></a>Procedure -If you manage your cluster with Ambari, you will enable Kerberos authentication for your cluster as described in the [Enabling Kerberos Authentication Using Ambari](https://docs.hortonworks.com/HDPDocuments/HDP2/HDP-2.5.3/bk_security/content/configuring_amb_hdp_for_kerberos.html) Hortonworks documentation. The Ambari **Kerberos Security Wizard** guides you through the kerberization process, including installing Kerberos client packages on cluster nodes, syncing Kerberos configuration files, updating cluster configuration, and creating and distributing the Kerberos principals and keytab files for your Hadoop cluster services, including HAWQ and PXF. +You can configure Kerberos for HAWQ for secure HDFS and for user authentication. You will perform different procedures for each: -### <a id="task_kerbhdfs_cmdlinemgd"></a>Procedure for Command-Line-Managed Clusters +- [Configuring HAWQ/PXF for Secure HDFS](kerberos-securehdfs.html) +- [Configuring Kerberos User Authentication for HAWQ](kerberos-userauth.html) -If you manage your cluster from the command line, before you configure HAWQ and PXF for access to a secure HDFS filesystem ensure that you have: - -- Enabled Kerberos for your Hadoop cluster per the instructions for your specific distribution and verified the configuration. - -- Verified that the HDFS configuration parameter `dfs.block.access.token.enable` is set to `true`. You can find this setting in the `hdfs-site.xml` configuration file. - -- Noted the host name or IP address of your HAWQ \<master\> and Kerberos Key Distribution Center \(KDC\) \<kdc-server\> nodes. - -- Noted the name of the Kerberos \<realm\> in which your cluster resides. - -- Distributed the `/etc/krb5.conf` Kerberos configuration file on the KDC server node to **each** HAWQ and PXF cluster node if not already present. For example: - - ``` shell - $ ssh root@<hawq-node> - root@hawq-node$ cp /etc/krb5.conf /save/krb5.conf.save - root@hawq-node$ scp <kdc-server>:/etc/krb5.conf /etc/krb5.conf - ``` - -- Verified that the Kerberos client packages are installed on **each** HAWQ and PXF node. - - ``` shell - root@hawq-node$ rpm -qa | grep krb - root@hawq-node$ yum install krb5-libs krb5-workstation - ``` - -#### <a id="task_kerbhdfs_cmdlinemgd_steps"></a>Procedure - -Perform the following steps to configure HAWQ and PXF for a secure HDFS. You will perform operations on both the HAWQ \<master\> and the \<kdc-server\> nodes. - -1. Log in to the Kerberos KDC server as the `root` user. - - ``` shell - $ ssh root@<kdc-server> - root@kdc-server$ - ``` - -2. Use the `kadmin.local` command to create a Kerberos principal for the `postgres` user. Substitute your \<realm\>. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey [email protected]" - ``` - -3. Use `kadmin.local` to create a Kerberos service principal for **each** host on which a PXF agent is configured and running. The service principal should be of the form `pxf/<host>@<realm>` where \<host\> is the DNS resolvable, fully-qualified hostname of the PXF host system \(output of `hostname -f` command\). - - For example, these commands add service principals for three PXF nodes on the hosts host1.example.com, host2.example.com, and host3.example.com: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey pxf/[email protected]" - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey pxf/[email protected]" - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey pxf/[email protected]" - ``` - - **Note:** As an alternative, if you have a hosts file that lists the fully-qualified domain name of each PXF host \(one host per line\), then you can generate principals using the command: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ for HOST in $(cat hosts) ; do sudo kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey pxf/[email protected]" ; done - ``` - -4. Generate a keytab file for each principal that you created in the previous steps \(i.e. `postgres` and each `pxf/<host>`\). Save the keytab files in any convenient location \(this example uses the directory `/etc/security/keytabs`\). You will deploy the service principal keytab files to their respective HAWQ and PXF host machines in a later step. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab [email protected]" - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host1.service.keytab pxf/[email protected]" - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host2.service.keytab pxf/[email protected]" - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host3.service.keytab pxf/[email protected]" - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "listprincs" - ``` - - Repeat the `xst` command as necessary to generate a keytab for each HAWQ and PXF service principal that you created in the previous steps. - -5. The HAWQ master server requires a `/etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab` keytab file for the HDFS principal. If this file does not already exist on the HAWQ master node, create the principal and generate the keytab. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey [email protected]" - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab [email protected]" - ``` - -6. Copy the HAWQ service keytab file \(and the HDFS headless keytab file if you created one) to the HAWQ master segment host. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab <master>:/etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab <master>:/etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab - ``` - -7. Change the ownership and permissions on `hawq.service.keytab` (and `hdfs.headless.keytab`) as follows: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ ssh <master> chown gpadmin:gpadmin /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ ssh <master> chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ ssh <master> chown hdfs:hdfs /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab - root@kdc-server$ ssh <master> chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab - ``` - -8. Copy the keytab file for each PXF service principal to its respective host. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host1.service.keytab host1.example.com:/etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host2.service.keytab host2.example.com:/etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/pxf-host3.service.keytab host3.example.com:/etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab - ``` - - Note the keytab file location on each PXF host; you will need this information for a later configuration step. - -9. Change the ownership and permissions on the `pxf.service.keytab` files. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ ssh host1.example.com chown pxf:pxf /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ ssh host1.example.com chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ ssh host2.example.com chown pxf:pxf /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ ssh host2.example.com chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ ssh host3.example.com chown pxf:pxf /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab - root@kdc-server$ ssh host3.example.com chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab - ``` - -10. On **each** PXF node, edit the `/etc/pxf/conf/pxf-site.xml` configuration file to identify the local keytab file and security principal name. Add or uncomment the properties, substituting your \<realm\>. For example: - - ``` xml - <property> - <name>pxf.service.kerberos.keytab</name> - <value>/etc/security/keytabs/pxf.service.keytab</value> - <description>path to keytab file owned by pxf service - with permissions 0400</description> - </property> - - <property> - <name>pxf.service.kerberos.principal</name> - <value>pxf/[email protected]</value> - <description>Kerberos principal pxf service should use. - _HOST is replaced automatically with hostnames - FQDN</description> - </property> - ``` - -11. Perform the remaining steps on the HAWQ master node as the `gpadmin` user: - 1. Log in to the HAWQ master node and set up the HAWQ runtime environment: - - ``` shell - $ ssh gpadmin@<master> - gpadmin@master$ . /usr/local/hawq/greenplum_path.sh - ``` - - 2. Run the following commands to configure Kerberos HDFS security for HAWQ and identify the keytab file: - - ``` shell - gpadmin@master$ hawq config -c enable_secure_filesystem -v ON - gpadmin@master$ hawq config -c krb_server_keyfile -v /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab - ``` - - 3. Start the HAWQ service: - - ``` shell - gpadmin@master$ hawq start cluster -a - ``` - - 4. Obtain a HDFS Kerberos ticket and change the ownership and permissions of the HAWQ HDFS data directory, substituting the HDFS data directory path for your HAWQ cluster. For example: - - ``` shell - gpadmin@master$ sudo -u hdfs kinit -kt /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab hdfs - gpadmin@master$ sudo -u hdfs hdfs dfs -chown -R postgres:gpadmin /<hawq_data_hdfs_path> - ``` - - 5. On the **HAWQ master node and each segment node**, edit the `/usr/local/hawq/etc/hdfs-client.xml` file to enable kerberos security and assign the HDFS NameNode principal. Add or uncomment the following properties in each file: - - ``` xml - <property> - <name>hadoop.security.authentication</name> - <value>kerberos</value> - </property> - ``` - - 6. If you are using YARN for resource management, edit the `yarn-client.xml` file to enable kerberos security. Add or uncomment the following property in the `yarn-client.xml` file on the **HAWQ master and each HAWQ segment node**: - - ``` xml - <property> - <name>hadoop.security.authentication</name> - <value>kerberos</value> - </property> - ``` - - 7. Restart your HAWQ cluster: - - ``` shell - gpadmin@master$ hawq restart cluster -a -M fast - ``` - -## <a id="hawq_kerb_cfg"></a>Configuring Kerberos User Authentication for HAWQ - -When Kerberos authentication is enabled at the user level, HAWQ uses the Generic Security Service Application Program Interface \(GSSAPI\) to provide automatic authentication \(single sign-on\). When HAWQ uses Kerberos user authentication, HAWQ itself and the HAWQ users \(roles\) that require Kerberos authentication require a principal and keytab. When a user attempts to log in to HAWQ, HAWQ uses its Kerberos principal to connect to the Kerberos server, and presents the user's principal for Kerberos validation. If the user principal is valid, login succeeds and the user can access HAWQ. Conversely, the login fails and HAWQ denies access to the user if the principal is not valid. - -When HAWQ utilizes Kerberos for user authentication, it uses a standard principal to connect to the Kerberos KDC. The format of this principal is `postgres/<FQDN_of_master>@<realm>`, where \<FQDN\_of\_master\> refers to the fully qualified distinguish name of the HAWQ master node. - -You may choose to configure HAWQ user principals before you enable Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ. See [Configure Kerberos-Authenticated HAWQ Users](#hawq_kerb_user_cfg). - -The procedure to configure Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ includes: - -- Creating a Kerberos principal and generating and distributing a keytab entry for the `postgres` process on the HAWQ master node -- Creating a Kerberos principal for the `gpadmin` or another administrative HAWQ user -- Updating the HAWQ `pg_hba.conf` configuration file to specify Kerberos authentication -- Restarting the HAWQ cluster - -Perform the following steps to configure Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ. You will perform operations on both the HAWQ \<master\> and the \<kdc-server\> nodes. - -**Note**: Some operations may differ based on whether or not you have configured secure HDFS. These operations are called out below. - -1. Log in to the Kerberos KDC server system: - - ``` shell - $ ssh root@<kdc-server> - root@kdc-server$ - ``` - -2. Create a keytab entry for the HAWQ `postgres/<master>` principal using the `kadmin.local` command. Substitute the HAWQ master node fully qualified distinguished hostname and your Kerberos realm. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -randkey postgres/<master>@REALM.DOMAIN" - ``` - - The `addprinc` command adds the principal `postgres/<master>` to the KDC managing your \<realm\>. - -3. Generate a keytab file for the HAWQ `postgres/<master>` principal. Provide the same name you used to create the principal. - - **If you have configured Kerberos for your HDFS filesystem**, add the keytab to the HAWQ client HDFS keytab file: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -norandkey -k /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab postgres/<master>@REALM.DOMAIN" - ``` - - **Otherwise**, generate a new file for the keytab: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -norandkey -k hawq-krb5.keytab postgres/<master>@REALM.DOMAIN" - ``` - -4. Use the `klist` command to view the key you just generated: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ klist -ket ./hawq-krb5.keytab - ``` - - Or: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ klist -ket /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab - ``` - - The `-ket` option lists the keytabs and encryption types in the identified key file. - -5. When you enable Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ, you must create a Kerberos principal for `gpadmin` or another HAWQ administrative user. Create a Kerberos principal for the HAWQ `gpadmin` administrative role, substituting your Kerberos realm. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -pw changeme [email protected]" - ``` - - This `addprinc` command adds the principal `gpadmin` to the Kerberos KDC managing your \<realm\>. When you invoke `kadmin.local` as specified in the example above, `gpadmin` will be required to provide the password identified by the `-pw` option when authenticating. Alternatively, you can create a keytab file for the `gpadmin` principal and distribute the file to HAWQ client nodes. - -6. Copy the file in which you added the `postgres/<master>@<realm>` keytab to the HAWQ master node: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ scp ./hawq-krb5.keytab gpadmin@<master>:/home/gpadmin/ - ``` - - Or: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ scp /etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab gpadmin@<master>:/etc/security/keytabs/hawq.service.keytab - ``` - -7. Log in to the HAWQ master node as the `gpadmin` user and set up the HAWQ environment: - - ``` shell - $ ssh gpadmin@<master> - gpadmin@master$ . /usr/local/hawq/greenplum_path.sh - ``` - -8. If you copied the `hawq-krb5.keytab` file, verify the ownership and mode of this file: - - ``` shell - gpadmin@master$ chown gpadmin:gpadmin /home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab - gpadmin@master$ chmod 400 /home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab - ``` - - The HAWQ server keytab file must be readable (and preferably only readable) by the HAWQ `gpadmin` administrative account. - -9. Add a `pg_hba.conf` entry that mandates Kerberos authentication for HAWQ. The `pg_hba.conf` file resides in the directory specified by the `hawq_master_directory` server configuration parameter value. For example, add: - - ``` pre - host all all 0.0.0.0/0 gss include_realm=0 krb_realm=REALM.DOMAIN - ``` - - This `pg_hba.conf` entry specifies that any remote access (i.e. from any user on any remote host) to HAWQ must be authenticated through the Kerberos realm named `REALM.DOMAIN`. - - **Note**: Place the Kerberos entry in the appropriate location in the `pg_hba.conf` file. For example, you may choose to retain `pg_hba.conf` entries for the `gpadmin` user that grant `trust` or `ident` authentication for local connections. Locate the Kerberos entry after these line(s). Refer to [Configuring Client Authentication](client_auth.html) for additional information about the `pg_hba.conf` file. - -10. Update HAWQ configuration and restart your cluster. You will perform different procedures if you manage your cluster from the command line or use Ambari to manage your cluster. - - **Note**: After you restart your hawq cluster, Kerberos user authentication is enabled for HAWQ, and all users, including `gpadmin`, must authenticate before performing any HAWQ operations. - - 1. If you manage your cluster using Ambari: - - 1. Login in to the Ambari UI from a supported web browser. - - 2. Navigate to the **HAWQ** service, **Configs > Advanced** tab and expand the **Custom hawq-site** drop down. - - 3. Set the `krb_server_keyfile` path value to the new keytab file location, `/home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab`. - - 4. **Save** this configuration change and then select the now orange **Restart > Restart All Affected** menu button to restart your HAWQ cluster. - - 5. Exit the Ambari UI. - - 2. If you manage your cluster from the command line: - - 1. Update the `krb_server_keyfile` configuration parameter: - - ``` shell - gpadmin@master$ hawq config -c krb_server_keyfile -v '/home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab' - GUC krb_server_keyfile already exist in hawq-site.xml - Update it with value: /home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab - GUC : krb_server_keyfile - Value : /home/gpadmin/hawq-krb5.keytab - ``` - - 2. Restart your HAWQ cluster: - - ``` shell - gpadmin@master$ hawq restart cluster - ``` - -11. When Kerberos user authentication is enabled for HAWQ, all users, including the `gpadmin` administrative user, must request a ticket to authenticate before performing HAWQ operations. Generate a ticket for `gpadmin` on the HAWQ master node; enter the password identified when you created the principal: - - ``` shell - gpadmin@master$ kinit gpadmin@<realm> - Password for [email protected]: - ``` - - See [Authenticate User Access to HAWQ](#hawq_kerb_dbaccess) for more information about requesting and generating Kerberos tickets. - -### <a id="hawq_kerb_user_cfg"></a>Configuring Kerberos-Authenticated HAWQ Users - -You must configure HAWQ user principals for Kerberos. The first component of a HAWQ user principal must be the HAWQ user/role name: - -``` pre -<hawq-user>@<realm> -``` - -This procedure includes: - -- Identifying an existing HAWQ role or creating a new HAWQ role for each user you want to authenticate with Kerberos -- Creating a Kerberos principal for each role -- Optionally generating and distributing a keytab file to all HAWQ clients from which you will access HAWQ as the new role - - -#### Procedure <a id="hawq_kerb_user_cfg_proc"></a> - -Perform the following steps to configure Kerberos authentication for specific HAWQ users. You will perform operations on both the HAWQ \<master\> and the \<kdc-server\> nodes. - -1. Log in to the HAWQ master node as the `gpadmin` user and set up your HAWQ environment: - - ``` shell - $ ssh gpadmin@master - gpadmin@master$ . /usr/local/hawq/greenplum_path.sh - ``` - -2. Identify the name of an existing HAWQ user/role or create a new HAWQ user/role. For example: - - ``` shell - gpadmin@master$ psql -d template1 -c 'CREATE ROLE "bill_kerberos" with LOGIN;' - ``` - - This step creates a HAWQ operational role. Create an administrative HAWQ role by adding the `SUPERUSER` clause to the `CREATE ROLE` command. - -2. Create a principal for the HAWQ role. Substitute the Kerberos realm you noted earlier. For example: - - ``` shell - $ ssh root@<kdc-server> - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc -pw changeme [email protected]" - ``` - - This `addprinc` command adds the principal `bill_kerberos` to the Kerberos KDC managing your \<realm\>. - -3. You may choose to authenticate the HAWQ role with a password or a keytab file. - - 1. If you choose password authentication, no further configuration is required. `bill_kerberos` will provide the password identified by the `-pw` option when authenticating. Skip the rest of this step. - - 2. If you choose authentication via a keytab file: - - 1. Generate a keytab file for the HAWQ principal you created, again substituting your Kerberos realm. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "xst -k bill-krb5.keytab [email protected]" - ``` - - The keytab entry is saved to the `./bill-krb5.keytab` file. - - 2. View the key you just added to `bill-krb5.keytab`: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ klist -ket ./bill-krb5.keytab - ``` - - 3. Distribute the keytab file to **each** HAWQ node from which you will access the HAWQ master as the user/role. For example: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ scp ./bill-krb5.keytab bill@<hawq-node>:/home/bill/ - ``` - -4. Log in to the HAWQ node as the user for whom you created the principal and set up your HAWQ environment: - - ``` shell - $ ssh bill@<hawq-node> - bill@hawq-node$ . /usr/local/hawq/greenplum_path.sh - ``` - -5. If you are using keytab file authentication, verify the ownership and mode of the keytab file: - - ``` shell - bill@hawq-node$ chown bill:bill /home/bill/bill-krb5.keytab - bill@hawq-node$ chmod 400 /home/bill/bill-krb5.keytab - ``` - -8. Access HAWQ as the new `bill_kerberos` user: - - ``` shell - bill@hawq-node$ psql -d testdb -h <master> -U bill_kerberos - psql: GSSAPI continuation error: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information - GSSAPI continuation error: Credentials cache file '/tmp/krb5cc_502' not found - ``` - - The operation fails. The `bill_kerberos` user has not yet authenticated with the Kerberos server. The next section, [Authenticating User Access to HAWQ](#hawq_kerb_dbaccess), identifies the procedure required for HAWQ users to authenticate with Kerberos. - -### <a id="hawq_kerb_dbaccess"></a>Authenticating User Access to HAWQ - -When Kerberos user authentication is enabled for HAWQ, users must request a ticket from the Kerberos KDC server before connecting to HAWQ. You must request the ticket for a principal matching the requested database user name. When granted, the ticket expires after a set period of time, after which you will need to request another ticket. - -To generate a Kerberos ticket, run the `kinit` command. Specify the Kerberos principal for which you are requesting the ticket in a command option. You may optionally specify a path to a keytab file. - -For example, to request a ticket for the `bill_kerberos` user principal you created above using the keytab file for authentication: - -``` shell -bill@hawq-node$ kinit -k -t /home/bill/bill-krb5.keytab [email protected] -``` - -To request a ticket for the `bill_kerberos` user principal using password authentication: - -``` shell -bill@hawq-node$ kinit [email protected] -Password for [email protected]: -``` - -`kinit` prompts you for the password; enter the password at the prompt. - -For more information about the ticket, use the `klist` command. `klist` invoked without any arguments lists the currently held Kerberos principal and tickets. The command output also provides the ticket expiration time. - -Example output from the `klist` command: - -``` shell -bill@hawq-node$ klist -Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_502 -Default principal: [email protected] - -Valid starting Expires Service principal -06/07/17 23:16:04 06/08/17 23:16:04 krbtgt/[email protected] - renew until 06/07/17 23:16:04 -06/07/17 23:16:07 06/08/17 23:16:04 postgres/master@ - renew until 06/07/17 23:16:04 -06/07/17 23:16:07 06/08/17 23:16:04 postgres/[email protected] - renew until 06/07/17 23:16:04 -``` - -After generating a ticket, you can connect to a HAWQ database as a kerberos-authenticated user using `psql` or other client programs. - -#### <a id="topic7"></a>Name Mapping - -To simplify Kerberos-authenticated HAWQ user login, you can define a mapping between a user's Kerberos principal name and a HAWQ database user name. You define the mapping in the `pg_ident.conf` file. You use a mapping by specifying a `map=<map-name>` option to a specific entry in the `pg_hba.conf` file. - -The `pg_ident.conf` and `pg_hba.conf` files reside on the HAWQ master node in the directory identified by the `hawq_master_directory` server configuration parameter setting value. - -You use the `pg_ident.conf` file to define user name maps. You can create entries in this file that define a mapping name, a Kerberos principal name, and a HAWQ database user name. For example: - -``` -# MAPNAME   SYSTEM-USERNAME HAWQ-USERNAME -kerbmap     /^([a-z]+)_kerberos   \1 -``` - -This entry extracts the component prefacing the `_kerberos` of the Kerberos principal name and maps that to a HAWQ user/role. - -You identify the map name in the `pg_hba.conf` file entry that enables Kerberos support using the `map=<mapname>` option. For example: - -``` -host all all 0.0.0.0/0 gss include_realm=0 krb_realm=REALM.DOMAIN map=kerbmap -``` - -Suppose that you are logged in as Linux user `bsmith`, your Kerberos principal is `[email protected]`, and you want to log in to HAWQ as user `bill`. With the `kerbmap` mapping configured in `pg_ident.conf` and `pg_hba.conf` as described above and a ticket for Kerberos principal `bill_kerberos`, you log in to HAWQ with the user name `bill` as follows: - -``` shell -bsmith@hawq-node$ klist -Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_500 -Default principal: [email protected] -bsmith@hawq-node$ psql -d testdb -h <master> -U bill -psql (8.2.15) -Type "help" for help. - -testdb=> SELECT current_user; - current_user --------------- - bill -(1 row) -``` - -For more information about specifying username maps see [Username maps](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/static/auth-username-maps.html) in the PostgreSQL documentation. - -### <a id="client_considerations"></a>Kerberos Considerations for Non-HAWQ Clients - -If you access HAWQ databases from any clients outside of your HAWQ cluster, and Kerberos user authentication for HAWQ is enabled, you must specifically configure Kerberos access on each client system. Ensure that: - -- You have created the appropriate Kerberos principal for the HAWQ user and optionally generated and distributed the keytab file. -- The `krb5-libs` and `krb5-workstation` Kerberos client packages are installed on each client. -- You copy the `/etc/krb5.conf` Kerberos configuration file from the KDC or HAWQ master node to each client system. -- The HAWQ user requests a ticket before connecting to HAWQ. - -### <a id="topic9"></a>Configuring JDBC for Kerberos-Enabled HAWQ - -JDBC applications that you run must utilize a secure connection when Kerberos is configured for HAWQ user authentication. - -The following example database connection URL uses a PostgreSQL JDBC driver and specifies parameters for Kerberos authentication: - -``` -jdbc:postgresql://master:5432/testdb?kerberosServerName=postgres&jaasApplicationName=pgjdbc&user=bill_kerberos -``` - -The connection URL parameter names and values specified will depend upon how the Java application performs Kerberos authentication. - -Before configuring JDBC access to a kerberized HAWQ, verify that: - -- The Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) is installed on the client system (non-OpenJDK Java installations). -- Kerberos user authentication is configured for HAWQ as described in [Configure Kerberos User Authentication for HAWQ](#hawq_kerb_cfg). -- If you are accessing HAWQ from a client node that resides outside of your HAWQ cluster, verify that the client is configured as described in [Kerberos Considerations for Non-HAWQ Clients](#client_considerations). - -#### <a id="topic9_proc"></a>Procedure - -Perform the following procedure to enable Kerberos-authenticated JDBC access to HAWQ from a client system. - -1. Create or add the following to the `.java.login.config` file in the `$HOME` directory of the user account under which the application will run: - - ``` pre - pgjdbc { -   com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule required -   doNotPrompt=true -   useTicketCache=true -   debug=true -   client=true; - }; - ``` - -2. Generate a Kerberos ticket. - -3. Run the JDBC-based HAWQ application. - - -## <a id="task_setup_kdc"></a>Example: Install and Configure a Kerberos KDC Server - -**Note:** If your installation already has a Kerberos Key Distribution Center \(KDC\) server, you do not need to perform this procedure. Note the KDC server host name or IP address and the name of the realm in which your cluster resides. You will need this information for other procedures. - -Follow these steps to install and configure a Kerberos KDC server on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux host. The KDC server resides on the host named \<kdc-server\>. - -1. Log in to the Kerberos KDC Server system as a superuser: - - ``` shell - $ ssh root@<kdc-server> - root@kdc-server$ - ``` - -2. Install the Kerberos server packages: - - ``` shell - root@kdc-server$ yum install krb5-libs krb5-server krb5-workstation - ``` - -3. Define the Kerberos realm for your cluster by editting the `/etc/krb5.conf` configuration file. The following example configures a Kerberos server with a realm named `REALM.DOMAIN` residing on a host named `hawq-kdc`. - - ``` - [logging] -  default = FILE:/var/log/krb5libs.log -  kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log -  admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log - - [libdefaults] -  default_realm = REALM.DOMAIN -  dns_lookup_realm = false -  dns_lookup_kdc = false -  ticket_lifetime = 24h -  renew_lifetime = 7d -  forwardable = true -  default_tgs_enctypes = aes128-cts des3-hmac-sha1 des-cbc-crc des-cbc-md5 -  default_tkt_enctypes = aes128-cts des3-hmac-sha1 des-cbc-crc des-cbc-md5 -  permitted_enctypes = aes128-cts des3-hmac-sha1 des-cbc-crc des-cbc-md5 - - [realms] -  REALM.DOMAIN = { -   kdc = hawq-kdc:88 -   admin_server = hawq-kdc:749 -   default_domain = hawq-kdc - } - - [domain_realm] -  .hawq-kdc = REALM.DOMAIN -  hawq-kdc = REALM.DOMAIN - - [appdefaults] -  pam = { -     debug = false -     ticket_lifetime = 36000 -     renew_lifetime = 36000 -     forwardable = true -     krb4_convert = false - } - ``` - - The `kdc` and `admin_server` keys in the `[realms]` section specify the host \(`hawq-kdc`\) and port on which the Kerberos server is running. You can use an IP address in place of a host name. - - If your Kerberos server manages authentication for other realms, you would instead add the `REALM.DOMAINM` realm in the `[realms]` and `[domain_realm]` sections of the `krb5.conf` file. See the [Kerberos documentation](http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/krb5-latest/doc/) for detailed information about the `krb5.conf` configuration file. - -4. Note the Kerberos KDC server host name or IP address and the name of the realm in which your cluster resides. You will need this information in later procedures. -5. Create a Kerberos KDC database by running the `kdb5_util` command: - - ``` - root@kdc-server$ kdb5_util create -s - ``` - - The `kdb5_util create` command creates the database in which the keys for the Kerberos realms managed by this KDC server are stored. The `-s` option instructs the command to create a stash file. Without the stash file, the KDC server will request a password every time it starts. - -6. Add an administrative user to the Kerberos KDC database with the `kadmin.local` utility. Because it does not itself depend on Kerberos authentication, the `kadmin.local` utility allows you to add an initial administrative user to the local Kerberos server. To add the user `admin` as an administrative user to the KDC database, run the following command: - - ``` - root@kdc-server$ kadmin.local -q "addprinc admin/admin" - ``` - - Most users do not need administrative access to the Kerberos server. They can use `kadmin` to manage their own principals \(for example, to change their own password\). For information about `kadmin`, see the [Kerberos documentation](http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/krb5-latest/doc/). - -7. If required, edit the `/var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.acl` file to grant the appropriate permissions to `admin`. -8. Start the Kerberos daemons: - - ``` - root@kdc-server$ /sbin/service krb5kdc start - root@kdc-server$ /sbin/service kadmin start - ``` - -9. To start Kerberos automatically upon system restart: - - ``` - root@kdc-server$ /sbin/chkconfig krb5kdc on - root@kdc-server$ /sbin/chkconfig kadmin on - ```
