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new 58dfca4 Set up Metastore using MariaDB (#74)
58dfca4 is described below
commit 58dfca48dd57e55f6862bf3edfa802773aaa5f84
Author: dengzh <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Mon Nov 10 08:33:11 2025 +0800
Set up Metastore using MariaDB (#74)
Co-authored-by: dengzh <[email protected]>
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+---
+title: "Apache Hive : Setting up Metastore backed by MariaDB"
+date: 2025-11-05
+---
+
+# Apache Hive : Setting up Metastore backed by MariaDB
+
+{{< toc >}}
+
+## Note
+
+**Starting from mysql-connector-java 8.0.12, using the default MySQL driver
the Metastore cannot be up to service.**
+
+## Introduction
+
+From mysql-connector-java 8.0.12, MySQL driver issues a getSQLKeywords call
for retrieving this database's keywords, triggered by MySQLAdapter(DataNucleus)
on Metastore initialization.
+However, the back table `KEYWORDS` in MariaDB diverged from that in MySQL,
which makes the Metastore fail to start, an exception thrown like:
+
+```
+Caused by: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: Unknown column 'RESERVED' in
'where clause'
+ at
com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:120)
~[mysql-connector-java.jar:8.0.22]
+ at
com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:97)
~[mysql-connector-java.jar:8.0.22]
+ at
com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLExceptionsMapping.translateException(SQLExceptionsMapping.java:122)
~[mysql-connector-java.jar:8.0.22]
+ at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeQuery(StatementImpl.java:1200)
~[mysql-connector-java.jar:8.0.22]
+ at
com.mysql.cj.jdbc.DatabaseMetaDataUsingInfoSchema.getSQLKeywords(DatabaseMetaDataUsingInfoSchema.java:1178)
~[mysql-connector-java.jar:8.0.22]
+ at
org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.adapter.BaseDatastoreAdapter.<init>(BaseDatastoreAdapter.java:288)
~[datanucleus-rdbms-5.2.10.jar:?]
+```
+We suggest switching the MySQL driver to the MariaDB if you have seen the same
issue.
+
+## Configuration
+
+Before start, make sure MariaDB is accessible, and create a dedicated database
and a secure user account that the Hive Metastore will use to connect.
+Download the MariaDB JDBC Connector JAR (e.g., mariadb-java-client-x.x.x.jar)
and place it in the Hive `$HIVE_HOME/lib` directory.
+
+For the first time to start the Hive Metastore service, the database must be
initialized with the Hive schema. You can use the `schematool` utility provided
with the Hive installation.
+Run this command from the Hive installation directory (`$HIVE_HOME/bin`):
+
+```Bash
+
+schematool -driver org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver -dbType mysql -initOrUpgradeSchema
-url "jdbc:mariadb://<MariaDB_Host>:<Port>/${db}" -userName hive_user -passWord
your_strong_password
+```
+
+The main configuration file for Metastore is `$HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-site.xml`,
this is where you tell the Metastore service (HMS) how to connect to your
MariaDB database.
+The following XML properties must be added or updated in `hive-site.xml`:
+
+```xml
+<configuration>
+ <property>
+ <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
+
<value>jdbc:mariadb://<MariaDB_Host>:<Port>/${db}?createDatabaseIfNotExist=false&useSSL=false</value>
+ <description>JDBC connection URL for the Metastore
database.</description>
+ </property>
+
+ <property>
+ <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
+ <value>org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver</value>
+ <description>The JDBC driver class name for MariaDB.</description>
+ </property>
+
+ <property>
+ <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
+ <value>hive_user</value>
+ <description>Username for the Metastore database
connection.</description>
+ </property>
+
+ <property>
+ <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
+ <value>your_strong_password</value>
+ <description>Password for the Metastore database
connection.</description>
+ </property>
+</configuration>
+```
+
+**Important:**
+- Replace `<MariaDB_Host>:<Port>` with the correct hostname/IP addresses.
+- The JDBC URL, `&` must be escaped as `&` in XML.
+
+After all configurations are complete, you can start the Hive Metastore
service.
+```bash
+hive --service metastore
+```
+
+Want a quick play on the new driver? try our [Docker
image](../setting-up-hive-with-docker):
+
+
+
+
