alexeykudinkin commented on code in PR #5328:
URL: https://github.com/apache/hudi/pull/5328#discussion_r928155745


##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/execution/bulkinsert/BulkInsertInternalPartitionerFactory.java:
##########
@@ -27,16 +28,18 @@
  */
 public abstract class BulkInsertInternalPartitionerFactory {
 
-  public static BulkInsertPartitioner get(BulkInsertSortMode sortMode) {
-    switch (sortMode) {
+  public static BulkInsertPartitioner get(BulkInsertSortMode bulkInsertMode, 
HoodieTableConfig tableConfig) {
+    switch (bulkInsertMode) {
       case NONE:
-        return new NonSortPartitioner();
+        return new NonSortPartitioner<>();
       case GLOBAL_SORT:
-        return new GlobalSortPartitioner();
+        return new GlobalSortPartitioner<>();
       case PARTITION_SORT:
-        return new RDDPartitionSortPartitioner();
+        return new RDDPartitionSortPartitioner<>(tableConfig);

Review Comment:
   Will take it up along with `BulkInsertMode` rename



##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/execution/bulkinsert/PartitionNoSortPartitioner.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hudi.execution.bulkinsert;
+
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecordPayload;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.HoodieTableConfig;
+import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaRDD;
+import scala.Tuple2;
+
+/**
+ * A built-in partitioner that only does re-partitioning to better align 
"logical" partitioning

Review Comment:
   Correct. It's def not a silver-bullet.



##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/execution/bulkinsert/GlobalSortPartitioner.java:
##########
@@ -20,34 +20,46 @@
 
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecordPayload;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.Pair;
 import org.apache.hudi.table.BulkInsertPartitioner;
 
 import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaRDD;
 
 /**
- * A built-in partitioner that does global sorting for the input records 
across partitions
- * after repartition for bulk insert operation, corresponding to the
- * {@code BulkInsertSortMode.GLOBAL_SORT} mode.
+ * A built-in partitioner that does global sorting of the input records across 
all Spark partitions,
+ * corresponding to the {@link BulkInsertSortMode#GLOBAL_SORT} mode.
  *
- * @param <T> HoodieRecordPayload type
+ * NOTE: Records are sorted by (partitionPath, key) tuple to make sure that 
physical
+ *       partitioning on disk is aligned with logical partitioning of the 
dataset (by Spark)
+ *       as much as possible.
+ *       Consider following scenario: dataset is inserted w/ parallelism of N 
(meaning that Spark
+ *       will partition it into N _logical_ partitions while writing), and has 
M physical partitions

Review Comment:
   Will address in a follow-up (to avoid re-triggering CI again)



##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/execution/bulkinsert/PartitionSortPartitionerWithRows.java:
##########
@@ -19,19 +19,39 @@
 package org.apache.hudi.execution.bulkinsert;
 
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.HoodieTableConfig;
 import org.apache.hudi.table.BulkInsertPartitioner;
 
+import org.apache.spark.sql.Column;
 import org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset;
 import org.apache.spark.sql.Row;
 
 /**
- * A built-in partitioner that does local sorting for each spark partitions 
after coalesce for bulk insert operation, corresponding to the {@code 
BulkInsertSortMode.PARTITION_SORT} mode.
+ * A built-in partitioner that does local sorting w/in the Spark partition,
+ * corresponding to the {@code BulkInsertSortMode.PARTITION_SORT} mode.
  */
-public class PartitionSortPartitionerWithRows implements 
BulkInsertPartitioner<Dataset<Row>> {
+public class PartitionSortPartitionerWithRows extends 
RepartitioningBulkInsertPartitionerBase<Dataset<Row>> {
+
+  public PartitionSortPartitionerWithRows(HoodieTableConfig tableConfig) {
+    super(tableConfig);
+  }
 
   @Override
-  public Dataset<Row> repartitionRecords(Dataset<Row> rows, int 
outputSparkPartitions) {
-    return 
rows.coalesce(outputSparkPartitions).sortWithinPartitions(HoodieRecord.PARTITION_PATH_METADATA_FIELD,
 HoodieRecord.RECORD_KEY_METADATA_FIELD);
+  public Dataset<Row> repartitionRecords(Dataset<Row> dataset, int 
outputSparkPartitions) {
+    Dataset<Row> repartitionedDataset;
+
+    // NOTE: Datasets being ingested into partitioned tables are additionally 
re-partitioned to better
+    //       align dataset's logical partitioning with expected table's 
physical partitioning to
+    //       provide for appropriate file-sizing and better control of the 
number of files created.
+    //
+    //       Please check out {@code GlobalSortPartitioner} java-doc for more 
details
+    if (isPartitionedTable) {
+      repartitionedDataset = dataset.repartition(outputSparkPartitions, new 
Column(HoodieRecord.PARTITION_PATH_METADATA_FIELD));

Review Comment:
   `sortWithinPartitons` does not shuffle (it sorts w/in partitions only)



##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/execution/bulkinsert/GlobalSortPartitioner.java:
##########
@@ -20,34 +20,46 @@
 
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecordPayload;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.Pair;
 import org.apache.hudi.table.BulkInsertPartitioner;
 
 import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaRDD;
 
 /**
- * A built-in partitioner that does global sorting for the input records 
across partitions
- * after repartition for bulk insert operation, corresponding to the
- * {@code BulkInsertSortMode.GLOBAL_SORT} mode.
+ * A built-in partitioner that does global sorting of the input records across 
all Spark partitions,
+ * corresponding to the {@link BulkInsertSortMode#GLOBAL_SORT} mode.
  *
- * @param <T> HoodieRecordPayload type
+ * NOTE: Records are sorted by (partitionPath, key) tuple to make sure that 
physical
+ *       partitioning on disk is aligned with logical partitioning of the 
dataset (by Spark)
+ *       as much as possible.
+ *       Consider following scenario: dataset is inserted w/ parallelism of N 
(meaning that Spark
+ *       will partition it into N _logical_ partitions while writing), and has 
M physical partitions
+ *       on disk. Without alignment "physical" and "logical" partitions 
(assuming
+ *       here that records are inserted uniformly across partitions), every 
logical partition,
+ *       which might be handled by separate executor, will be inserting into 
every physical
+ *       partition, creating a new file for the records it's writing, 
entailing that new N x M
+ *       files will be added to the table.
+ *
+ *       Instead, we want no more than N + M files to be created, and 
therefore sort by
+ *       a tuple of (partitionPath, key), which provides for following 
invariants where every
+ *       Spark partition will either
+ *          - Hold _all_ record from particular physical partition, or
+ *          - Hold _only_ records from that particular physical partition
+ *
+ *       In other words a single Spark partition will either be hold full set 
of records for
+ *       a few smaller partitions, or it will hold just the records of the 
larger one. This
+ *       allows us to provide a guarantee that no more N + M files will be 
created.
+ *
+ * @param <T> {@code HoodieRecordPayload} type
  */
 public class GlobalSortPartitioner<T extends HoodieRecordPayload>
     implements BulkInsertPartitioner<JavaRDD<HoodieRecord<T>>> {
 
   @Override
   public JavaRDD<HoodieRecord<T>> repartitionRecords(JavaRDD<HoodieRecord<T>> 
records,
                                                      int 
outputSparkPartitions) {
-    // Now, sort the records and line them up nicely for loading.
-    return records.sortBy(record -> {
-      // Let's use "partitionPath + key" as the sort key. Spark, will ensure
-      // the records split evenly across RDD partitions, such that small 
partitions fit
-      // into 1 RDD partition, while big ones spread evenly across multiple 
RDD partitions
-      return new StringBuilder()
-          .append(record.getPartitionPath())
-          .append("+")
-          .append(record.getRecordKey())
-          .toString();
-    }, true, outputSparkPartitions);
+    return records.sortBy(record ->
+        Pair.of(record.getPartitionPath(), record.getRecordKey()), true, 
outputSparkPartitions);

Review Comment:
   We have tests for these



##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/execution/bulkinsert/BulkInsertInternalPartitionerFactory.java:
##########
@@ -27,16 +28,18 @@
  */
 public abstract class BulkInsertInternalPartitionerFactory {
 
-  public static BulkInsertPartitioner get(BulkInsertSortMode sortMode) {
-    switch (sortMode) {
+  public static BulkInsertPartitioner get(BulkInsertSortMode bulkInsertMode, 
HoodieTableConfig tableConfig) {

Review Comment:
   Will follow up with renames



##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/execution/bulkinsert/RDDCustomColumnsSortPartitioner.java:
##########
@@ -18,69 +18,120 @@
 
 package org.apache.hudi.execution.bulkinsert;
 
+import org.apache.avro.Schema;
 import org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieAvroUtils;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.config.SerializableSchema;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecordPayload;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.HoodieTableConfig;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.util.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.Pair;
 import org.apache.hudi.config.HoodieWriteConfig;
-import org.apache.hudi.table.BulkInsertPartitioner;
-
-import org.apache.avro.Schema;
 import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaRDD;
+import scala.Tuple2;
 
+import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+import static org.apache.hudi.common.util.ValidationUtils.checkState;
 
 /**
- * A partitioner that does sorting based on specified column values for each 
RDD partition.
+ * A partitioner that does local sorting for each RDD partition based on the 
tuple of
+ * values of the columns configured for ordering.
  *
  * @param <T> HoodieRecordPayload type
  */
 public class RDDCustomColumnsSortPartitioner<T extends HoodieRecordPayload>
-    implements BulkInsertPartitioner<JavaRDD<HoodieRecord<T>>> {
+    extends RepartitioningBulkInsertPartitionerBase<JavaRDD<HoodieRecord<T>>> {
 
-  private final String[] sortColumnNames;
+  private final String[] orderByColumnNames;

Review Comment:
   That's been a while ago, frankly, can't recollect the context



##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/execution/bulkinsert/RDDCustomColumnsSortPartitioner.java:
##########
@@ -18,69 +18,120 @@
 
 package org.apache.hudi.execution.bulkinsert;
 
+import org.apache.avro.Schema;
 import org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieAvroUtils;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.config.SerializableSchema;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecordPayload;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.HoodieTableConfig;
 import org.apache.hudi.common.util.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.Pair;
 import org.apache.hudi.config.HoodieWriteConfig;
-import org.apache.hudi.table.BulkInsertPartitioner;
-
-import org.apache.avro.Schema;
 import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaRDD;
+import scala.Tuple2;

Review Comment:
   We can't since we're using JavaRDD API directly here



##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/execution/bulkinsert/RowCustomColumnsSortPartitioner.java:
##########
@@ -19,42 +19,69 @@
 package org.apache.hudi.execution.bulkinsert;
 
 import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.HoodieTableConfig;
 import org.apache.hudi.config.HoodieWriteConfig;
-import org.apache.hudi.table.BulkInsertPartitioner;
+import org.apache.spark.sql.Column;
 import org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset;
 import org.apache.spark.sql.Row;
+import scala.collection.JavaConverters;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import static org.apache.hudi.common.util.ValidationUtils.checkState;
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.execution.bulkinsert.RDDCustomColumnsSortPartitioner.getOrderByColumnNames;
 
 /**
- * A partitioner that does sorting based on specified column values for each 
spark partitions.
+ * A partitioner that does local sorting for each RDD partition based on the 
tuple of
+ * values of the columns configured for ordering.
  */
-public class RowCustomColumnsSortPartitioner implements 
BulkInsertPartitioner<Dataset<Row>> {
+public class RowCustomColumnsSortPartitioner extends 
RepartitioningBulkInsertPartitionerBase<Dataset<Row>> {
+
+  private final String[] orderByColumnNames;
 
-  private final String[] sortColumnNames;
+  public RowCustomColumnsSortPartitioner(HoodieWriteConfig config, 
HoodieTableConfig tableConfig) {
+    super(tableConfig);
+    this.orderByColumnNames = getOrderByColumnNames(config);
 
-  public RowCustomColumnsSortPartitioner(HoodieWriteConfig config) {
-    this.sortColumnNames = getSortColumnName(config);
+    checkState(orderByColumnNames.length > 0);
   }
 
-  public RowCustomColumnsSortPartitioner(String[] columnNames) {
-    this.sortColumnNames = columnNames;
+  public RowCustomColumnsSortPartitioner(String[] columnNames, 
HoodieTableConfig tableConfig) {
+    super(tableConfig);
+    this.orderByColumnNames = columnNames;
+
+    checkState(orderByColumnNames.length > 0);
   }
 
   @Override
-  public Dataset<Row> repartitionRecords(Dataset<Row> records, int 
outputSparkPartitions) {
-    final String[] sortColumns = this.sortColumnNames;
-    return records.coalesce(outputSparkPartitions)
-        .sortWithinPartitions(HoodieRecord.PARTITION_PATH_METADATA_FIELD, 
sortColumns);
+  public Dataset<Row> repartitionRecords(Dataset<Row> dataset, int 
outputSparkPartitions) {
+    Dataset<Row> repartitionedDataset;
+
+    // NOTE: In case of partitioned table even "global" ordering (across all 
RDD partitions) could
+    //       not change table's partitioning and therefore there's no point in 
doing global sorting
+    //       across "physical" partitions, and instead we can reduce total 
amount of data being
+    //       shuffled by doing do "local" sorting:
+    //          - First, re-partitioning dataset such that "logical" 
partitions are aligned w/
+    //          "physical" ones
+    //          - Sorting locally w/in RDD ("logical") partitions
+    //
+    //       Non-partitioned tables will be globally sorted.
+    if (isPartitionedTable) {
+      repartitionedDataset = dataset.repartition(outputSparkPartitions, new 
Column(HoodieRecord.PARTITION_PATH_METADATA_FIELD));
+    } else {
+      repartitionedDataset = dataset.coalesce(outputSparkPartitions);
+    }
+
+    return repartitionedDataset.sortWithinPartitions(

Review Comment:
   Correct



##########
hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hudi/SparkAdapter.scala:
##########
@@ -138,4 +140,16 @@ trait SparkAdapter extends Serializable {
    * TODO move to HoodieCatalystExpressionUtils
    */
   def createInterpretedPredicate(e: Expression): InterpretedPredicate
+
+  /**
+   * Insert all records, updates related task metrics, and return a completion 
iterator
+   * over all the data written to this [[ExternalSorter]], aggregated by our 
aggregator.
+   *
+   * On task completion (success, failure, or cancellation), it releases 
resources by
+   * calling `stop()`.
+   *
+   * NOTE: This method is an [[ExternalSorter#insertAllAndUpdateMetrics]] 
back-ported to Spark 2.4
+   */
+  def insertInto[K, V, C](ctx: TaskContext, records: Iterator[Product2[K, V]], 
sorter: ExternalSorter[K, V, C]): Iterator[Product2[K, C]]

Review Comment:
   API incompatibility b/w Spark 3.2 and prior versions



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