hudi-agent commented on code in PR #18741:
URL: https://github.com/apache/hudi/pull/18741#discussion_r3245908316


##########
hudi-flink-datasource/hudi-flink/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/table/HoodieTableFactory.java:
##########
@@ -220,12 +215,21 @@ private void checkIndexType(Configuration conf) {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Validate the base file format. Lance is only supported with the Spark 
engine.
+   * Validate the base file format. Flink Lance support is scoped to 
append-only COW tables.
    */
-  private void checkBaseFileFormat(Configuration conf) {
+  private void checkBaseFileFormat(Configuration conf, boolean write) {
     String baseFileFormat = 
conf.getString(HoodieTableConfig.BASE_FILE_FORMAT.key(), null);
     if (baseFileFormat != null && 
HoodieFileFormat.LANCE.name().equalsIgnoreCase(baseFileFormat)) {
-      throw new 
HoodieValidationException(HoodieFileFormat.LANCE_SPARK_ONLY_ERROR_MSG);
+      if (conf.containsKey(FlinkOptions.RECORD_KEY_FIELD.key())) {

Review Comment:
   🤖 On the sink path, `sanityCheck` (and so `checkBaseFileFormat`) runs 
*before* `setupConfOptions` → `setupHoodieKeyOptions`, which is where `PRIMARY 
KEY` syntax is copied into `FlinkOptions.RECORD_KEY_FIELD`. So a Lance + 
`operation=insert` table declared with `PRIMARY KEY (..) NOT ENFORCED` passes 
this validation and only fails on the source side — leaving the user able to 
write but not read. Would it make sense to also check 
`schema.getPrimaryKey().isPresent()` here (and add a test using PRIMARY KEY 
syntax rather than the option)?
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-flink-datasource/hudi-flink/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/table/format/cow/CopyOnWriteInputFormat.java:
##########
@@ -116,32 +124,50 @@ public CopyOnWriteInputFormat(
 
   @Override
   public void open(FileInputSplit fileSplit) throws IOException {
-    LinkedHashMap<String, Object> partObjects = 
FilePathUtils.generatePartitionSpecs(
-        fileSplit.getPath().getPath(),
-        Arrays.asList(fullFieldNames),
-        Arrays.asList(fullFieldTypes),
-        this.partDefaultName,
-        this.partPathField,
-        this.hiveStylePartitioning
-    );
-
-    this.itr = RecordIterators.getParquetRecordIterator(
-        internalSchemaManager,
-        utcTimestamp,
-        true,
-        conf.conf(),
-        fullFieldNames,
-        fullFieldTypes,
-        partObjects,
-        selectedFields,
-        2048,
-        fileSplit.getPath(),
-        fileSplit.getStart(),
-        fileSplit.getLength(),
-        predicates);
+    if 
(fileSplit.getPath().getName().endsWith(HoodieFileFormat.LANCE.getFileExtension()))
 {
+      this.itr = getLanceRecordIterator(fileSplit.getPath());
+    } else {
+      LinkedHashMap<String, Object> partObjects = 
FilePathUtils.generatePartitionSpecs(
+          fileSplit.getPath().getPath(),
+          Arrays.asList(fullFieldNames),
+          Arrays.asList(fullFieldTypes),
+          this.partDefaultName,
+          this.partPathField,
+          this.hiveStylePartitioning
+      );
+      this.itr = RecordIterators.getParquetRecordIterator(
+          internalSchemaManager,
+          utcTimestamp,
+          true,
+          conf.conf(),
+          fullFieldNames,
+          fullFieldTypes,
+          partObjects,
+          selectedFields,
+          2048,
+          fileSplit.getPath(),
+          fileSplit.getStart(),
+          fileSplit.getLength(),
+          predicates);
+    }
     this.currentReadCount = 0L;
   }
 
+  private ClosableIterator<RowData> getLanceRecordIterator(Path path) {
+    DataType selectedDataType = DataTypes.ROW(Arrays.stream(selectedFields)
+            .mapToObj(i -> DataTypes.FIELD(fullFieldNames[i], 
fullFieldTypes[i]))
+            .toArray(DataTypes.Field[]::new))
+        .bridgedTo(RowData.class);
+    HoodieSchema requestedSchema = 
HoodieSchemaConverter.convertToSchema(selectedDataType.getLogicalType());

Review Comment:
   🤖 The Lance branch projects only `selectedFields` from the file and does not 
inject partition values from the path (which the Parquet branch does via 
`partObjects`). If `hoodie.datasource.write.drop.partitioncolumns=true`, the 
partition column won't be in the Lance file and `orderVectors` will throw 
`Missing Lance column in projected batch: <partition>` for any query that 
selects the partition column. Is this combination intended to be unsupported, 
or should we either inject the value here or block the config in 
`checkBaseFileFormat`?
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-flink-datasource/hudi-flink/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/table/format/HoodieRowDataLanceReader.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hudi.table.format;
+
+import org.apache.hudi.client.model.HoodieFlinkRecord;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.bloom.BloomFilter;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.bloom.HoodieDynamicBoundedBloomFilter;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.bloom.SimpleBloomFilter;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.config.HoodieConfig;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.config.HoodieStorageConfig;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.schema.HoodieSchema;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.schema.HoodieSchemaUtils;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.ClosableIterator;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.CloseableMappingIterator;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.Pair;
+import org.apache.hudi.exception.HoodieException;
+import org.apache.hudi.exception.HoodieIOException;
+import org.apache.hudi.io.memory.HoodieArrowAllocator;
+import org.apache.hudi.io.storage.HoodieFileReader;
+import org.apache.hudi.io.storage.row.HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils;
+import org.apache.hudi.storage.StoragePath;
+import org.apache.hudi.util.HoodieSchemaConverter;
+import org.apache.hudi.util.RowDataQueryContexts;
+
+import org.apache.arrow.memory.BufferAllocator;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.FieldVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.VectorSchemaRoot;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.ipc.ArrowReader;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.Schema;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.RowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.DataType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.RowType;
+import org.lance.file.LanceFileReader;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieBloomFilterWriteSupport.HOODIE_AVRO_BLOOM_FILTER_METADATA_KEY;
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieBloomFilterWriteSupport.HOODIE_BLOOM_FILTER_TYPE_CODE;
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieBloomFilterWriteSupport.HOODIE_MAX_RECORD_KEY_FOOTER;
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieBloomFilterWriteSupport.HOODIE_MIN_RECORD_KEY_FOOTER;
+
+/**
+ * Lance reader for Flink RowData base files.
+ */
+public class HoodieRowDataLanceReader implements HoodieFileReader<RowData> {
+
+  private static final int DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE = 512;
+
+  private final StoragePath path;
+  private final long dataAllocatorSize;
+  private final BufferAllocator metadataAllocator;
+  private final LanceFileReader metadataReader;
+  private final Schema arrowSchema;
+  private boolean closed;
+
+  public HoodieRowDataLanceReader(StoragePath path, HoodieConfig hoodieConfig) 
{
+    this.path = path;
+    this.dataAllocatorSize = 
hoodieConfig.getLongOrDefault(HoodieStorageConfig.LANCE_READ_ALLOCATOR_SIZE_BYTES);
+    this.metadataAllocator = HoodieArrowAllocator.newChildAllocator(
+        getClass().getSimpleName() + "-metadata-" + path.getName(),
+        
hoodieConfig.getLongOrDefault(HoodieStorageConfig.LANCE_READ_METADATA_ALLOCATOR_SIZE_BYTES));
+    try {
+      this.metadataReader = LanceFileReader.open(path.toString(), 
metadataAllocator);
+      this.arrowSchema = metadataReader.schema();
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      close();
+      throw new HoodieException("Failed to create Lance reader for: " + path, 
e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String[] readMinMaxRecordKeys() {
+    Map<String, String> metadata = arrowSchema.getCustomMetadata();
+    if (metadata != null) {
+      String minKey = metadata.get(HOODIE_MIN_RECORD_KEY_FOOTER);
+      String maxKey = metadata.get(HOODIE_MAX_RECORD_KEY_FOOTER);
+      if (minKey != null && maxKey != null) {
+        return new String[] {minKey, maxKey};
+      }
+    }
+    throw new HoodieException("Could not read min/max record key out of Lance 
file: " + path);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public BloomFilter readBloomFilter() {
+    Map<String, String> metadata = arrowSchema.getCustomMetadata();
+    if (metadata == null || 
!metadata.containsKey(HOODIE_AVRO_BLOOM_FILTER_METADATA_KEY)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    String bloomSer = metadata.get(HOODIE_AVRO_BLOOM_FILTER_METADATA_KEY);
+    String filterType = metadata.get(HOODIE_BLOOM_FILTER_TYPE_CODE);
+    if (filterType != null && 
filterType.contains(HoodieDynamicBoundedBloomFilter.TYPE_CODE_PREFIX)) {
+      return new HoodieDynamicBoundedBloomFilter(bloomSer);
+    }
+    return new SimpleBloomFilter(bloomSer);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Set<Pair<String, Long>> filterRowKeys(Set<String> candidateRowKeys) {
+    throw new HoodieException("Filtering row keys from Lance files is not 
supported for Flink append-only tables without primary keys: " + path);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public ClosableIterator<HoodieRecord<RowData>> 
getRecordIterator(HoodieSchema readerSchema, HoodieSchema requestedSchema) 
throws IOException {
+    ClosableIterator<RowData> rowDataItr = 
getRowDataIterator(RowDataQueryContexts.fromSchema(requestedSchema).getRowType(),
 requestedSchema);
+    return new CloseableMappingIterator<>(rowDataItr, HoodieFlinkRecord::new);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public ClosableIterator<String> getRecordKeyIterator() throws IOException {
+    HoodieSchema schema = HoodieSchemaUtils.getRecordKeySchema();
+    ClosableIterator<RowData> rowDataItr = 
getRowDataIterator(RowDataQueryContexts.fromSchema(schema).getRowType(), 
schema);
+    return new CloseableMappingIterator<>(rowDataItr, rowData -> 
rowData.getString(0).toString());
+  }
+
+  public ClosableIterator<RowData> getRowDataIterator(DataType dataType, 
HoodieSchema requestedSchema) {
+    RowType rowType = (RowType) dataType.getLogicalType();
+    List<String> columnNames = new ArrayList<>(rowType.getFieldCount());
+    for (RowType.RowField field : rowType.getFields()) {
+      columnNames.add(field.getName());
+    }
+    BufferAllocator allocator = HoodieArrowAllocator.newChildAllocator(
+        getClass().getSimpleName() + "-data-" + path.getName(), 
dataAllocatorSize);
+    LanceFileReader lanceReader = null;
+    ArrowReader arrowReader = null;
+    try {
+      lanceReader = LanceFileReader.open(path.toString(), allocator);
+      arrowReader = lanceReader.readAll(columnNames, null, DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE);
+      return new LanceRowDataIterator(allocator, lanceReader, arrowReader, 
rowType, this);
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      if (arrowReader != null) {
+        try {
+          arrowReader.close();
+        } catch (Exception closeException) {
+          e.addSuppressed(closeException);
+        }
+      }
+      if (lanceReader != null) {
+        try {
+          lanceReader.close();
+        } catch (Exception closeException) {
+          e.addSuppressed(closeException);
+        }
+      }
+      allocator.close();
+      throw new HoodieException("Failed to create Lance row iterator for: " + 
path, e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public HoodieSchema getSchema() {
+    RowType rowType = HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils.toRowType(arrowSchema);
+    return HoodieSchemaConverter.convertToSchema(rowType);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void close() {
+    if (closed) {
+      return;
+    }
+    closed = true;
+    if (metadataReader != null) {
+      try {
+        metadataReader.close();
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        // ignore close failure; readers surface data-path exceptions earlier
+      }
+    }
+    if (metadataAllocator != null) {
+      metadataAllocator.close();
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getTotalRecords() {
+    try {
+      return metadataReader.numRows();
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      throw new HoodieException("Failed to read row count from Lance file: " + 
path, e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static class LanceRowDataIterator implements 
ClosableIterator<RowData> {
+    private final BufferAllocator allocator;
+    private final LanceFileReader lanceReader;
+    private final ArrowReader arrowReader;
+    private final RowType rowType;
+    private final HoodieRowDataLanceReader reader;
+    private VectorSchemaRoot batch;
+    private List<FieldVector> orderedVectors;
+    private int rowId;
+    private boolean hasNext;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    private LanceRowDataIterator(
+        BufferAllocator allocator,
+        LanceFileReader lanceReader,
+        ArrowReader arrowReader,
+        RowType rowType,
+        HoodieRowDataLanceReader reader) {
+      this.allocator = allocator;
+      this.lanceReader = lanceReader;
+      this.arrowReader = arrowReader;
+      this.rowType = rowType;
+      this.reader = reader;
+      loadNextBatch();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean hasNext() {
+      return hasNext;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public RowData next() {
+      RowData rowData = HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils.toRowData(rowType, 
orderedVectors, rowId++);
+      if (rowId >= batch.getRowCount()) {
+        loadNextBatch();
+      }
+      return rowData;
+    }
+
+    private void loadNextBatch() {
+      try {
+        hasNext = arrowReader.loadNextBatch();
+        if (hasNext) {
+          batch = arrowReader.getVectorSchemaRoot();
+          orderedVectors = orderVectors(rowType, batch.getFieldVectors());
+          rowId = 0;
+          if (batch.getRowCount() == 0) {

Review Comment:
   🤖 Recursing into `loadNextBatch()` for empty batches will blow the stack if 
a Lance file contains many consecutive empty batches in a row. Could you 
convert this to an iterative loop (`do { … } while (hasNext && 
batch.getRowCount() == 0)`)?
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-flink-datasource/hudi-flink/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/util/StreamerUtil.java:
##########
@@ -275,6 +277,22 @@ public static TypedProperties 
flinkConf2TypedProperties(Configuration conf) {
     return properties;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Builds a Lance write config from storage options carried in the Hadoop 
configuration.
+   */
+  public static HoodieConfig 
getLanceWriteConfig(org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration conf) {
+    HoodieConfig hoodieConfig = new HoodieConfig();

Review Comment:
   🤖 The method is named `getLanceWriteConfig` but it only carries over 
`LANCE_READ_ALLOCATOR_SIZE_BYTES` / `LANCE_READ_METADATA_ALLOCATOR_SIZE_BYTES`, 
and the only caller is the reader path in `CopyOnWriteInputFormat`. Worth 
renaming to `getLanceReadConfig` (or extending it to also propagate the 
write-side allocator/flush/max-file-size keys if a write-side use is planned)?
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-client/hudi-flink-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/io/storage/row/HoodieRowDataFileWriterFactory.java:
##########
@@ -55,6 +62,30 @@ public HoodieRowDataFileWriterFactory(HoodieStorage storage) 
{
     super(storage);
   }
 
+  public HoodieFileWriter getFileWriter(String instantTime, StoragePath 
storagePath, HoodieWriteConfig config, RowType rowType,
+                                     TaskContextSupplier taskContextSupplier) 
throws IOException {
+    final String extension = FSUtils.getFileExtension(storagePath.getName());
+    return getFileWriterByFormat(extension, instantTime, storagePath, config, 
rowType, taskContextSupplier);
+  }
+
+  private  <T, I, K, O> HoodieFileWriter getFileWriterByFormat(

Review Comment:
   🤖 nit: `<T, I, K, O>` are declared on this method but none of them appear 
anywhere in the signature or body — could you drop them?
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-flink-datasource/hudi-flink/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/util/StreamerUtil.java:
##########
@@ -275,6 +277,22 @@ public static TypedProperties 
flinkConf2TypedProperties(Configuration conf) {
     return properties;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Builds a Lance write config from storage options carried in the Hadoop 
configuration.
+   */
+  public static HoodieConfig 
getLanceWriteConfig(org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration conf) {

Review Comment:
   🤖 nit: the method body only reads `LANCE_READ_*` config keys, so 
`getLanceWriteConfig` is a misleading name — `getLanceReadConfig` would match 
what it actually does.
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-flink-datasource/hudi-flink/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/table/HoodieTableFactory.java:
##########
@@ -220,12 +215,21 @@ private void checkIndexType(Configuration conf) {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Validate the base file format. Lance is only supported with the Spark 
engine.
+   * Validate the base file format. Flink Lance support is scoped to 
append-only COW tables.
    */
-  private void checkBaseFileFormat(Configuration conf) {
+  private void checkBaseFileFormat(Configuration conf, boolean write) {

Review Comment:
   🤖 nit: a bare `boolean write` makes call sites like 
`checkBaseFileFormat(conf, false)` opaque — could you split into two methods 
(`checkBaseFileFormatForRead` / `checkBaseFileFormatForWrite`) or at least name 
it `isWritePath`?
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-flink-datasource/hudi-flink/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/table/format/FlinkRowDataReaderContext.java:
##########
@@ -98,18 +98,22 @@ public ClosableIterator<RowData> getFileRecordIterator(
       HoodieSchema dataSchema,
       HoodieSchema requiredSchema,
       HoodieStorage storage) throws IOException {
-    if 
(filePath.toString().endsWith(HoodieFileFormat.LANCE.getFileExtension())) {
-      throw new 
UnsupportedOperationException(HoodieFileFormat.LANCE_SPARK_ONLY_ERROR_MSG);
-    }
     boolean isLogFile = FSUtils.isLogFile(filePath);
     // disable schema evolution in fileReader if it's log file, since schema 
evolution for log file is handled in `FileGroupRecordBuffer`
     InternalSchemaManager schemaManager = isLogFile ? 
InternalSchemaManager.DISABLED : internalSchemaManager.get();
 
+    if (HoodieFileFormat.fromFileExtension(filePath.getFileExtension()) == 
HoodieFileFormat.LANCE) {
+      HoodieRowDataLanceReader rowDataLanceReader =
+          (HoodieRowDataLanceReader) HoodieIOFactory.getIOFactory(storage)
+              .getReaderFactory(HoodieRecord.HoodieRecordType.FLINK)
+              .getFileReader(tableConfig, filePath, HoodieFileFormat.LANCE, 
Option.empty());
+      return 
rowDataLanceReader.getRowDataIterator(RowDataQueryContexts.fromSchema(requiredSchema).getRowType(),
 requiredSchema);

Review Comment:
   🤖 If `getRowDataIterator(...)` throws (e.g. `loadNextBatch` failure surfaces 
as `HoodieIOException`), `rowDataLanceReader` is leaked — the metadata 
`LanceFileReader` and `metadataAllocator` from the constructor are never 
released, since the parent reader's `close()` is only chained through the 
iterator's `close()`. Could you wrap this in a try/catch that closes the reader 
on failure (the `CopyOnWriteInputFormat.getLanceRecordIterator` path already 
does this)?
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-client/hudi-flink-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/io/storage/row/HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hudi.io.storage.row;
+
+import org.apache.hudi.exception.HoodieNotSupportedException;
+
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.BigIntVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.BitVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.DateDayVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.DecimalVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.FieldVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.Float4Vector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.Float8Vector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.IntVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.SmallIntVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.TimeMilliVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.TimeStampMicroVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.TinyIntVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.ValueVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.VarBinaryVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.VarCharVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.DateUnit;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.FloatingPointPrecision;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.TimeUnit;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.ArrowType;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.Field;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.FieldType;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.Schema;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.DecimalData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.GenericRowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.RowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.StringData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.TimestampData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.DecimalType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.LogicalType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.RowType;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Primitive RowData/Arrow conversion helpers for Flink Lance base files.
+ */
+public final class HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils {
+
+  private HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils() {
+  }
+
+  public static Schema toArrowSchema(RowType rowType) {
+    List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>(rowType.getFieldCount());
+    for (RowType.RowField field : rowType.getFields()) {
+      fields.add(toArrowField(field.getName(), field.getType()));
+    }
+    return new Schema(fields);
+  }
+
+  public static RowType toRowType(Schema schema) {
+    List<RowType.RowField> fields = new ArrayList<>(schema.getFields().size());
+    for (Field field : schema.getFields()) {
+      fields.add(new RowType.RowField(field.getName(), 
toLogicalType(field.getType())));
+    }
+    return new RowType(fields);
+  }
+
+  public static RowData toRowData(RowType rowType, List<FieldVector> vectors, 
int rowId) {
+    GenericRowData rowData = new GenericRowData(vectors.size());
+    for (int i = 0; i < vectors.size(); i++) {
+      FieldVector vector = vectors.get(i);
+      if (vector.isNull(rowId)) {
+        rowData.setField(i, null);
+      } else {
+        rowData.setField(i, readValue(rowType.getTypeAt(i), vector, rowId));
+      }
+    }
+    return rowData;
+  }
+
+  public static void writeValue(LogicalType type, FieldVector vector, int 
rowId, RowData rowData, int ordinal) {
+    if (rowData.isNullAt(ordinal)) {
+      vector.setNull(rowId);
+      return;
+    }
+    switch (type.getTypeRoot()) {
+      case BOOLEAN:
+        ((BitVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getBoolean(ordinal) ? 1 : 
0);
+        return;
+      case TINYINT:
+        ((TinyIntVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getByte(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case SMALLINT:
+        ((SmallIntVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getShort(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case INTEGER:
+        ((IntVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getInt(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case DATE:
+        ((DateDayVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getInt(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case TIME_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+        ((TimeMilliVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getInt(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case BIGINT:
+        ((BigIntVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getLong(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case FLOAT:
+        ((Float4Vector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getFloat(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case DOUBLE:
+        ((Float8Vector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getDouble(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case CHAR:
+      case VARCHAR:
+        ((VarCharVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, 
rowData.getString(ordinal).toBytes());
+        return;
+      case BINARY:
+      case VARBINARY:
+        ((VarBinaryVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getBinary(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case DECIMAL:
+        DecimalType decimalType = (DecimalType) type;
+        DecimalData decimal = rowData.getDecimal(ordinal, 
decimalType.getPrecision(), decimalType.getScale());
+        ((DecimalVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, decimal.toBigDecimal());
+        return;
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE:
+        TimestampData timestamp = rowData.getTimestamp(ordinal, 
LogicalTypeChecks.getPrecision(type));
+        long micros = timestamp.getMillisecond() * 1000L + 
timestamp.getNanoOfMillisecond() / 1000L;
+        ((TimeStampMicroVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, micros);
+        return;
+      default:
+        throw unsupported(type);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static Object readValue(LogicalType type, ValueVector vector, int 
rowId) {
+    switch (type.getTypeRoot()) {
+      case BOOLEAN:
+        return ((BitVector) vector).get(rowId) == 1;
+      case TINYINT:
+        return ((TinyIntVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case SMALLINT:
+        return ((SmallIntVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case INTEGER:
+        return ((IntVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case DATE:
+        return ((DateDayVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case TIME_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+        return ((TimeMilliVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case BIGINT:
+        return ((BigIntVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case FLOAT:
+        return ((Float4Vector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case DOUBLE:
+        return ((Float8Vector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case CHAR:
+      case VARCHAR:
+        return StringData.fromBytes(((VarCharVector) vector).get(rowId));
+      case BINARY:
+      case VARBINARY:
+        return ((VarBinaryVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case DECIMAL:
+        DecimalType decimalType = (DecimalType) type;
+        BigDecimal decimal = ((DecimalVector) vector).getObject(rowId);
+        return DecimalData.fromBigDecimal(decimal, decimalType.getPrecision(), 
decimalType.getScale());
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE:
+        long micros = ((TimeStampMicroVector) vector).get(rowId);
+        return TimestampData.fromEpochMillis(micros / 1000L, (int) (micros % 
1000L) * 1000);
+      default:
+        throw unsupported(type);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static Field toArrowField(String name, LogicalType type) {
+    return new Field(name, FieldType.nullable(toArrowType(type)), 
Collections.emptyList());
+  }
+
+  private static ArrowType toArrowType(LogicalType type) {
+    switch (type.getTypeRoot()) {
+      case BOOLEAN:
+        return ArrowType.Bool.INSTANCE;
+      case TINYINT:
+        return new ArrowType.Int(8, true);
+      case SMALLINT:
+        return new ArrowType.Int(16, true);
+      case INTEGER:
+        return new ArrowType.Int(32, true);
+      case BIGINT:
+        return new ArrowType.Int(64, true);
+      case FLOAT:
+        return new ArrowType.FloatingPoint(FloatingPointPrecision.SINGLE);
+      case DOUBLE:
+        return new ArrowType.FloatingPoint(FloatingPointPrecision.DOUBLE);
+      case CHAR:
+      case VARCHAR:
+        return ArrowType.Utf8.INSTANCE;
+      case BINARY:
+      case VARBINARY:
+        return ArrowType.Binary.INSTANCE;
+      case DATE:
+        return new ArrowType.Date(DateUnit.DAY);
+      case TIME_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+        return new ArrowType.Time(TimeUnit.MILLISECOND, 32);
+      case DECIMAL:
+        DecimalType decimalType = (DecimalType) type;
+        return new ArrowType.Decimal(decimalType.getPrecision(), 
decimalType.getScale(), 128);
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+        return new ArrowType.Timestamp(TimeUnit.MICROSECOND, null);
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE:
+        return new ArrowType.Timestamp(TimeUnit.MICROSECOND, "UTC");
+      default:
+        throw unsupported(type);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static LogicalType toLogicalType(ArrowType arrowType) {
+    if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Bool) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.BooleanType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Int) {
+      ArrowType.Int intType = (ArrowType.Int) arrowType;
+      switch (intType.getBitWidth()) {
+        case 8:
+          return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.TinyIntType();
+        case 16:
+          return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.SmallIntType();
+        case 32:
+          return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.IntType();
+        case 64:
+          return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.BigIntType();
+        default:
+          throw new HoodieNotSupportedException("Unsupported Arrow int width 
for Lance Flink reader: " + intType.getBitWidth());
+      }
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.FloatingPoint) {
+      ArrowType.FloatingPoint fp = (ArrowType.FloatingPoint) arrowType;
+      return fp.getPrecision() == FloatingPointPrecision.SINGLE
+          ? new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.FloatType()
+          : new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.DoubleType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Utf8) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.VarCharType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Binary) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.VarBinaryType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Date) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.DateType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Time) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.TimeType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Decimal) {
+      ArrowType.Decimal decimal = (ArrowType.Decimal) arrowType;
+      return new DecimalType(decimal.getPrecision(), decimal.getScale());
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Timestamp) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.TimestampType(6);
+    }
+    throw new HoodieNotSupportedException("Unsupported Arrow type for Lance 
Flink reader: " + arrowType);
+  }
+
+  private static HoodieNotSupportedException unsupported(LogicalType type) {
+    return new HoodieNotSupportedException("Flink Lance base-file support 
currently supports primitive append-only columns; unsupported type: " + type);
+  }
+
+  private static final class LogicalTypeChecks {

Review Comment:
   🤖 nit: this private inner class is just a one-liner forwarding to 
`org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.utils.LogicalTypeChecks.getPrecision` — a 
static import would eliminate the wrapper entirely.
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-flink-datasource/hudi-flink/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/table/format/HoodieRowDataLanceReader.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hudi.table.format;
+
+import org.apache.hudi.client.model.HoodieFlinkRecord;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.bloom.BloomFilter;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.bloom.HoodieDynamicBoundedBloomFilter;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.bloom.SimpleBloomFilter;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.config.HoodieConfig;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.config.HoodieStorageConfig;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.schema.HoodieSchema;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.schema.HoodieSchemaUtils;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.ClosableIterator;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.CloseableMappingIterator;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.collection.Pair;
+import org.apache.hudi.exception.HoodieException;
+import org.apache.hudi.exception.HoodieIOException;
+import org.apache.hudi.io.memory.HoodieArrowAllocator;
+import org.apache.hudi.io.storage.HoodieFileReader;
+import org.apache.hudi.io.storage.row.HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils;
+import org.apache.hudi.storage.StoragePath;
+import org.apache.hudi.util.HoodieSchemaConverter;
+import org.apache.hudi.util.RowDataQueryContexts;
+
+import org.apache.arrow.memory.BufferAllocator;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.FieldVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.VectorSchemaRoot;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.ipc.ArrowReader;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.Schema;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.RowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.DataType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.RowType;
+import org.lance.file.LanceFileReader;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieBloomFilterWriteSupport.HOODIE_AVRO_BLOOM_FILTER_METADATA_KEY;
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieBloomFilterWriteSupport.HOODIE_BLOOM_FILTER_TYPE_CODE;
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieBloomFilterWriteSupport.HOODIE_MAX_RECORD_KEY_FOOTER;
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.avro.HoodieBloomFilterWriteSupport.HOODIE_MIN_RECORD_KEY_FOOTER;
+
+/**
+ * Lance reader for Flink RowData base files.
+ */
+public class HoodieRowDataLanceReader implements HoodieFileReader<RowData> {
+
+  private static final int DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE = 512;
+
+  private final StoragePath path;
+  private final long dataAllocatorSize;
+  private final BufferAllocator metadataAllocator;
+  private final LanceFileReader metadataReader;
+  private final Schema arrowSchema;
+  private boolean closed;
+
+  public HoodieRowDataLanceReader(StoragePath path, HoodieConfig hoodieConfig) 
{
+    this.path = path;
+    this.dataAllocatorSize = 
hoodieConfig.getLongOrDefault(HoodieStorageConfig.LANCE_READ_ALLOCATOR_SIZE_BYTES);
+    this.metadataAllocator = HoodieArrowAllocator.newChildAllocator(
+        getClass().getSimpleName() + "-metadata-" + path.getName(),
+        
hoodieConfig.getLongOrDefault(HoodieStorageConfig.LANCE_READ_METADATA_ALLOCATOR_SIZE_BYTES));
+    try {
+      this.metadataReader = LanceFileReader.open(path.toString(), 
metadataAllocator);
+      this.arrowSchema = metadataReader.schema();
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      close();
+      throw new HoodieException("Failed to create Lance reader for: " + path, 
e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String[] readMinMaxRecordKeys() {
+    Map<String, String> metadata = arrowSchema.getCustomMetadata();
+    if (metadata != null) {
+      String minKey = metadata.get(HOODIE_MIN_RECORD_KEY_FOOTER);
+      String maxKey = metadata.get(HOODIE_MAX_RECORD_KEY_FOOTER);
+      if (minKey != null && maxKey != null) {
+        return new String[] {minKey, maxKey};
+      }
+    }
+    throw new HoodieException("Could not read min/max record key out of Lance 
file: " + path);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public BloomFilter readBloomFilter() {
+    Map<String, String> metadata = arrowSchema.getCustomMetadata();
+    if (metadata == null || 
!metadata.containsKey(HOODIE_AVRO_BLOOM_FILTER_METADATA_KEY)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    String bloomSer = metadata.get(HOODIE_AVRO_BLOOM_FILTER_METADATA_KEY);
+    String filterType = metadata.get(HOODIE_BLOOM_FILTER_TYPE_CODE);
+    if (filterType != null && 
filterType.contains(HoodieDynamicBoundedBloomFilter.TYPE_CODE_PREFIX)) {
+      return new HoodieDynamicBoundedBloomFilter(bloomSer);
+    }
+    return new SimpleBloomFilter(bloomSer);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Set<Pair<String, Long>> filterRowKeys(Set<String> candidateRowKeys) {
+    throw new HoodieException("Filtering row keys from Lance files is not 
supported for Flink append-only tables without primary keys: " + path);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public ClosableIterator<HoodieRecord<RowData>> 
getRecordIterator(HoodieSchema readerSchema, HoodieSchema requestedSchema) 
throws IOException {
+    ClosableIterator<RowData> rowDataItr = 
getRowDataIterator(RowDataQueryContexts.fromSchema(requestedSchema).getRowType(),
 requestedSchema);
+    return new CloseableMappingIterator<>(rowDataItr, HoodieFlinkRecord::new);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public ClosableIterator<String> getRecordKeyIterator() throws IOException {
+    HoodieSchema schema = HoodieSchemaUtils.getRecordKeySchema();
+    ClosableIterator<RowData> rowDataItr = 
getRowDataIterator(RowDataQueryContexts.fromSchema(schema).getRowType(), 
schema);
+    return new CloseableMappingIterator<>(rowDataItr, rowData -> 
rowData.getString(0).toString());
+  }
+
+  public ClosableIterator<RowData> getRowDataIterator(DataType dataType, 
HoodieSchema requestedSchema) {
+    RowType rowType = (RowType) dataType.getLogicalType();
+    List<String> columnNames = new ArrayList<>(rowType.getFieldCount());
+    for (RowType.RowField field : rowType.getFields()) {
+      columnNames.add(field.getName());
+    }
+    BufferAllocator allocator = HoodieArrowAllocator.newChildAllocator(
+        getClass().getSimpleName() + "-data-" + path.getName(), 
dataAllocatorSize);
+    LanceFileReader lanceReader = null;
+    ArrowReader arrowReader = null;
+    try {
+      lanceReader = LanceFileReader.open(path.toString(), allocator);
+      arrowReader = lanceReader.readAll(columnNames, null, DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE);
+      return new LanceRowDataIterator(allocator, lanceReader, arrowReader, 
rowType, this);
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      if (arrowReader != null) {
+        try {
+          arrowReader.close();
+        } catch (Exception closeException) {
+          e.addSuppressed(closeException);
+        }
+      }
+      if (lanceReader != null) {
+        try {
+          lanceReader.close();
+        } catch (Exception closeException) {
+          e.addSuppressed(closeException);
+        }
+      }
+      allocator.close();
+      throw new HoodieException("Failed to create Lance row iterator for: " + 
path, e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public HoodieSchema getSchema() {
+    RowType rowType = HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils.toRowType(arrowSchema);
+    return HoodieSchemaConverter.convertToSchema(rowType);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void close() {
+    if (closed) {
+      return;
+    }
+    closed = true;
+    if (metadataReader != null) {
+      try {
+        metadataReader.close();
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        // ignore close failure; readers surface data-path exceptions earlier
+      }
+    }
+    if (metadataAllocator != null) {
+      metadataAllocator.close();
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getTotalRecords() {
+    try {
+      return metadataReader.numRows();
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      throw new HoodieException("Failed to read row count from Lance file: " + 
path, e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static class LanceRowDataIterator implements 
ClosableIterator<RowData> {
+    private final BufferAllocator allocator;
+    private final LanceFileReader lanceReader;
+    private final ArrowReader arrowReader;
+    private final RowType rowType;
+    private final HoodieRowDataLanceReader reader;
+    private VectorSchemaRoot batch;
+    private List<FieldVector> orderedVectors;
+    private int rowId;
+    private boolean hasNext;
+    private boolean closed;
+
+    private LanceRowDataIterator(
+        BufferAllocator allocator,
+        LanceFileReader lanceReader,
+        ArrowReader arrowReader,
+        RowType rowType,
+        HoodieRowDataLanceReader reader) {
+      this.allocator = allocator;
+      this.lanceReader = lanceReader;
+      this.arrowReader = arrowReader;
+      this.rowType = rowType;
+      this.reader = reader;
+      loadNextBatch();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean hasNext() {
+      return hasNext;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public RowData next() {
+      RowData rowData = HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils.toRowData(rowType, 
orderedVectors, rowId++);
+      if (rowId >= batch.getRowCount()) {
+        loadNextBatch();
+      }
+      return rowData;
+    }
+
+    private void loadNextBatch() {
+      try {
+        hasNext = arrowReader.loadNextBatch();
+        if (hasNext) {
+          batch = arrowReader.getVectorSchemaRoot();
+          orderedVectors = orderVectors(rowType, batch.getFieldVectors());
+          rowId = 0;
+          if (batch.getRowCount() == 0) {
+            loadNextBatch();
+          }
+        }
+      } catch (IOException e) {
+        throw new HoodieIOException("Failed to read Lance batch", e);
+      }
+    }
+
+    private static List<FieldVector> orderVectors(RowType rowType, 
List<FieldVector> vectors) {
+      Map<String, FieldVector> vectorsByName = new HashMap<>();
+      for (FieldVector vector : vectors) {
+        vectorsByName.put(vector.getName(), vector);
+      }
+      List<FieldVector> orderedVectors = new 
ArrayList<>(rowType.getFieldCount());
+      for (RowType.RowField field : rowType.getFields()) {
+        FieldVector vector = vectorsByName.get(field.getName());
+        if (vector == null) {
+          throw new HoodieException("Missing Lance column in projected batch: 
" + field.getName());
+        }
+        orderedVectors.add(vector);
+      }
+      return orderedVectors;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+      if (closed) {
+        return;
+      }
+      closed = true;
+      try {
+        arrowReader.close();
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        throw new HoodieException("Failed to close Lance Arrow reader", e);

Review Comment:
   🤖 If `arrowReader.close()` throws, the throw inside the outer `finally` for 
`lanceReader.close()` (or `reader.close()` inside the innermost finally) will 
replace it and the original exception is lost — `finally`-throws override 
exceptions from the `try` body. Could you switch to the `addSuppressed` pattern 
(e.g. accumulate a primary exception across all four closes)? The Spark 
equivalent uses log-and-swallow which avoids this entirely.
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



##########
hudi-client/hudi-flink-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/io/storage/row/HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hudi.io.storage.row;
+
+import org.apache.hudi.exception.HoodieNotSupportedException;
+
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.BigIntVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.BitVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.DateDayVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.DecimalVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.FieldVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.Float4Vector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.Float8Vector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.IntVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.SmallIntVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.TimeMilliVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.TimeStampMicroVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.TinyIntVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.ValueVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.VarBinaryVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.VarCharVector;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.DateUnit;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.FloatingPointPrecision;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.TimeUnit;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.ArrowType;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.Field;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.FieldType;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.Schema;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.DecimalData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.GenericRowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.RowData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.StringData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.data.TimestampData;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.DecimalType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.LogicalType;
+import org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.RowType;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Primitive RowData/Arrow conversion helpers for Flink Lance base files.
+ */
+public final class HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils {
+
+  private HoodieFlinkLanceArrowUtils() {
+  }
+
+  public static Schema toArrowSchema(RowType rowType) {
+    List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>(rowType.getFieldCount());
+    for (RowType.RowField field : rowType.getFields()) {
+      fields.add(toArrowField(field.getName(), field.getType()));
+    }
+    return new Schema(fields);
+  }
+
+  public static RowType toRowType(Schema schema) {
+    List<RowType.RowField> fields = new ArrayList<>(schema.getFields().size());
+    for (Field field : schema.getFields()) {
+      fields.add(new RowType.RowField(field.getName(), 
toLogicalType(field.getType())));
+    }
+    return new RowType(fields);
+  }
+
+  public static RowData toRowData(RowType rowType, List<FieldVector> vectors, 
int rowId) {
+    GenericRowData rowData = new GenericRowData(vectors.size());
+    for (int i = 0; i < vectors.size(); i++) {
+      FieldVector vector = vectors.get(i);
+      if (vector.isNull(rowId)) {
+        rowData.setField(i, null);
+      } else {
+        rowData.setField(i, readValue(rowType.getTypeAt(i), vector, rowId));
+      }
+    }
+    return rowData;
+  }
+
+  public static void writeValue(LogicalType type, FieldVector vector, int 
rowId, RowData rowData, int ordinal) {
+    if (rowData.isNullAt(ordinal)) {
+      vector.setNull(rowId);
+      return;
+    }
+    switch (type.getTypeRoot()) {
+      case BOOLEAN:
+        ((BitVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getBoolean(ordinal) ? 1 : 
0);
+        return;
+      case TINYINT:
+        ((TinyIntVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getByte(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case SMALLINT:
+        ((SmallIntVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getShort(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case INTEGER:
+        ((IntVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getInt(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case DATE:
+        ((DateDayVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getInt(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case TIME_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+        ((TimeMilliVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getInt(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case BIGINT:
+        ((BigIntVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getLong(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case FLOAT:
+        ((Float4Vector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getFloat(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case DOUBLE:
+        ((Float8Vector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getDouble(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case CHAR:
+      case VARCHAR:
+        ((VarCharVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, 
rowData.getString(ordinal).toBytes());
+        return;
+      case BINARY:
+      case VARBINARY:
+        ((VarBinaryVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, rowData.getBinary(ordinal));
+        return;
+      case DECIMAL:
+        DecimalType decimalType = (DecimalType) type;
+        DecimalData decimal = rowData.getDecimal(ordinal, 
decimalType.getPrecision(), decimalType.getScale());
+        ((DecimalVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, decimal.toBigDecimal());
+        return;
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE:
+        TimestampData timestamp = rowData.getTimestamp(ordinal, 
LogicalTypeChecks.getPrecision(type));
+        long micros = timestamp.getMillisecond() * 1000L + 
timestamp.getNanoOfMillisecond() / 1000L;
+        ((TimeStampMicroVector) vector).setSafe(rowId, micros);
+        return;
+      default:
+        throw unsupported(type);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static Object readValue(LogicalType type, ValueVector vector, int 
rowId) {
+    switch (type.getTypeRoot()) {
+      case BOOLEAN:
+        return ((BitVector) vector).get(rowId) == 1;
+      case TINYINT:
+        return ((TinyIntVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case SMALLINT:
+        return ((SmallIntVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case INTEGER:
+        return ((IntVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case DATE:
+        return ((DateDayVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case TIME_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+        return ((TimeMilliVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case BIGINT:
+        return ((BigIntVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case FLOAT:
+        return ((Float4Vector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case DOUBLE:
+        return ((Float8Vector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case CHAR:
+      case VARCHAR:
+        return StringData.fromBytes(((VarCharVector) vector).get(rowId));
+      case BINARY:
+      case VARBINARY:
+        return ((VarBinaryVector) vector).get(rowId);
+      case DECIMAL:
+        DecimalType decimalType = (DecimalType) type;
+        BigDecimal decimal = ((DecimalVector) vector).getObject(rowId);
+        return DecimalData.fromBigDecimal(decimal, decimalType.getPrecision(), 
decimalType.getScale());
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE:
+        long micros = ((TimeStampMicroVector) vector).get(rowId);
+        return TimestampData.fromEpochMillis(micros / 1000L, (int) (micros % 
1000L) * 1000);
+      default:
+        throw unsupported(type);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static Field toArrowField(String name, LogicalType type) {
+    return new Field(name, FieldType.nullable(toArrowType(type)), 
Collections.emptyList());
+  }
+
+  private static ArrowType toArrowType(LogicalType type) {
+    switch (type.getTypeRoot()) {
+      case BOOLEAN:
+        return ArrowType.Bool.INSTANCE;
+      case TINYINT:
+        return new ArrowType.Int(8, true);
+      case SMALLINT:
+        return new ArrowType.Int(16, true);
+      case INTEGER:
+        return new ArrowType.Int(32, true);
+      case BIGINT:
+        return new ArrowType.Int(64, true);
+      case FLOAT:
+        return new ArrowType.FloatingPoint(FloatingPointPrecision.SINGLE);
+      case DOUBLE:
+        return new ArrowType.FloatingPoint(FloatingPointPrecision.DOUBLE);
+      case CHAR:
+      case VARCHAR:
+        return ArrowType.Utf8.INSTANCE;
+      case BINARY:
+      case VARBINARY:
+        return ArrowType.Binary.INSTANCE;
+      case DATE:
+        return new ArrowType.Date(DateUnit.DAY);
+      case TIME_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+        return new ArrowType.Time(TimeUnit.MILLISECOND, 32);
+      case DECIMAL:
+        DecimalType decimalType = (DecimalType) type;
+        return new ArrowType.Decimal(decimalType.getPrecision(), 
decimalType.getScale(), 128);
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITHOUT_TIME_ZONE:
+        return new ArrowType.Timestamp(TimeUnit.MICROSECOND, null);
+      case TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE:
+        return new ArrowType.Timestamp(TimeUnit.MICROSECOND, "UTC");
+      default:
+        throw unsupported(type);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static LogicalType toLogicalType(ArrowType arrowType) {
+    if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Bool) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.BooleanType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Int) {
+      ArrowType.Int intType = (ArrowType.Int) arrowType;
+      switch (intType.getBitWidth()) {
+        case 8:
+          return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.TinyIntType();
+        case 16:
+          return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.SmallIntType();
+        case 32:
+          return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.IntType();
+        case 64:
+          return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.BigIntType();
+        default:
+          throw new HoodieNotSupportedException("Unsupported Arrow int width 
for Lance Flink reader: " + intType.getBitWidth());
+      }
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.FloatingPoint) {
+      ArrowType.FloatingPoint fp = (ArrowType.FloatingPoint) arrowType;
+      return fp.getPrecision() == FloatingPointPrecision.SINGLE
+          ? new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.FloatType()
+          : new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.DoubleType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Utf8) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.VarCharType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Binary) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.VarBinaryType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Date) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.DateType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Time) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.TimeType();
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Decimal) {
+      ArrowType.Decimal decimal = (ArrowType.Decimal) arrowType;
+      return new DecimalType(decimal.getPrecision(), decimal.getScale());
+    } else if (arrowType instanceof ArrowType.Timestamp) {
+      return new org.apache.flink.table.types.logical.TimestampType(6);

Review Comment:
   🤖 `toLogicalType` maps every `ArrowType.Timestamp` to `TimestampType(6)`, 
even when the Arrow timezone is `"UTC"` (which the writer uses for 
`TIMESTAMP_WITH_LOCAL_TIME_ZONE`). Is that intentional, or should the 
timezone-set case map to `LocalZonedTimestampType(6)` so schema round-trips? 
Today `HoodieRowDataLanceReader.getSchema()` would silently lose the 
local-zone-ness.
   
   <sub><i>- AI-generated; verify before applying. React 👍/👎 to flag 
quality.</i></sub>



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