danny0405 commented on code in PR #18826:
URL: https://github.com/apache/hudi/pull/18826#discussion_r3426151437


##########
hudi-client/hudi-client-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/metadata/HoodieBackedTableMetadataWriter.java:
##########
@@ -824,28 +824,54 @@ private Pair<Integer, HoodieData<HoodieRecord>> 
initializeRecordIndexPartition(
         dataMetaClient,
         dataWriteConfig);
 
-    // Initialize the file groups
-    final int fileGroupCount = estimateFileGroupCount(records);
+    Pair<Integer, Integer> bounds = getRLIFileGroupCountBounds();
+    int minFileGroupCount = bounds.getLeft();
+    int maxFileGroupCount = bounds.getRight();
+
+    int fileGroupCount;
+    if (minFileGroupCount != maxFileGroupCount) {
+      // Estimate file group count based on record count read from base file 
footer metadata.
+      // Avoids the expensive records.persist() + records.count() pass over 
materialized records.
+      List<Pair<String, HoodieBaseFile>> partitionBaseFilePairs = 
latestMergedPartitionFileSliceList.stream()
+          .filter(p -> p.getRight().getBaseFile().isPresent())
+          .map(p -> Pair.of(p.getLeft(), p.getRight().getBaseFile().get()))
+          .collect(Collectors.toList());
+      fileGroupCount = estimateFileGroupCountFromBaseFiles(
+          partitionBaseFilePairs, minFileGroupCount, maxFileGroupCount);
+      LOG.info("Estimated {} file groups from base file footer metadata", 
fileGroupCount);
+    } else {
+      // min == max: skip estimation, use the fixed value directly.
+      fileGroupCount = minFileGroupCount;
+      LOG.info("Using user-configured file group count: {}", fileGroupCount);
+    }
+
     LOG.info("Initializing record index with {} file groups.", fileGroupCount);
     return Pair.of(fileGroupCount, records);
   }
 
-  private int estimateFileGroupCount(HoodieData<HoodieRecord> records) {
-    int minFileGroupCount;
-    int maxFileGroupCount;
+  /**
+   * Returns the (min, max) file group count bounds for RLI based on which RLI 
variant is enabled.
+   */
+  private Pair<Integer, Integer> getRLIFileGroupCountBounds() {
     if (dataWriteConfig.isRecordLevelIndexEnabled()) {
-      minFileGroupCount = 
dataWriteConfig.getRecordLevelIndexMinFileGroupCount();
-      maxFileGroupCount = 
dataWriteConfig.getRecordLevelIndexMaxFileGroupCount();
-    } else {
-      minFileGroupCount = 
dataWriteConfig.getGlobalRecordLevelIndexMinFileGroupCount();
-      maxFileGroupCount = 
dataWriteConfig.getGlobalRecordLevelIndexMaxFileGroupCount();
-    }
-    Supplier<Long> recordCountSupplier = () -> {
-      records.persist("MEMORY_AND_DISK_SER");
-      long count = records.count();
-      LOG.info("Initializing record index with {} mappings", count);
-      return count;
-    };
+      return Pair.of(dataWriteConfig.getRecordLevelIndexMinFileGroupCount(),

Review Comment:
   in validateRecordIndex, we also got a count on the records, do we need to 
call `records.persist("MEMORY_AND_DISK_SER")` from there?



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