wombatu-kun commented on code in PR #19204:
URL: https://github.com/apache/hudi/pull/19204#discussion_r3556094699


##########
hudi-common/src/test/java/org/apache/hudi/common/expression/TestBindVisitor.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hudi.common.expression;
+
+import org.apache.hudi.common.schema.internal.Types;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Tests {@link BindVisitor}.
+ */
+public class TestBindVisitor {
+
+  private static Types.RecordType schema;
+
+  @BeforeAll
+  public static void init() {
+    ArrayList<Types.Field> fields = new ArrayList<>(3);
+    fields.add(Types.Field.get(0, true, "a", Types.StringType.get()));
+    fields.add(Types.Field.get(1, true, "c", Types.IntType.get()));
+    fields.add(Types.Field.get(2, true, "d", Types.LongType.get()));
+    schema = Types.RecordType.get(fields, "schema");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitNameReferenceBindsExistingField() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Expression bound = new NameReference("a").accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(bound instanceof BoundReference);
+    Assertions.assertEquals(Types.StringType.get(), bound.getDataType());
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitNameReferenceThrowsForMissingField() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    NameReference unbound = new NameReference("unknown");
+
+    IllegalArgumentException e = 
Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+        () -> unbound.accept(bindVisitor));
+    Assertions.assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("cannot be bound from 
schema"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitNameReferenceCaseSensitiveFailsOnDifferentCase() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    NameReference upperCase = new NameReference("A");
+
+    Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> 
upperCase.accept(bindVisitor));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitNameReferenceCaseInsensitiveBindsDifferentCase() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, false);
+    Expression bound = new NameReference("A").accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(bound instanceof BoundReference);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitLiteralReturnsSameInstance() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Literal<String> literal = Literal.from("value");
+
+    Assertions.assertSame(literal, literal.accept(bindVisitor));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitBoundReferenceReturnsSameInstance() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    BoundReference boundReference = new BoundReference(0, 
Types.StringType.get());
+
+    Assertions.assertSame(boundReference, boundReference.accept(bindVisitor));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitAndBothOperandsBindAndEval() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.And and = Predicates.and(
+        Predicates.eq(new NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane")),
+        Predicates.gt(new NameReference("c"), Literal.from(10)));
+    Expression bound = and.accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 5, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitAndShortCircuitsWhenLeftIsFalseExpression() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.And and = Predicates.and(Predicates.alwaysFalse(),
+        Predicates.eq(new NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane")));
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(and.accept(bindVisitor) instanceof 
Predicates.FalseExpression);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitAndShortCircuitsWhenRightIsFalseExpression() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.And and = Predicates.and(
+        Predicates.eq(new NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane")), 
Predicates.alwaysFalse());
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(and.accept(bindVisitor) instanceof 
Predicates.FalseExpression);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitAndSimplifiesWhenBothBoundOperandsAreAlwaysTrue() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.And and = Predicates.and(Predicates.alwaysTrue(), 
Predicates.alwaysTrue());
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(and.accept(bindVisitor) instanceof 
Predicates.TrueExpression);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitAndSimplifiesWhenLeftBoundOperandIsAlwaysTrue() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.BinaryComparison rightPredicate = Predicates.eq(new 
NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane"));
+    Predicates.And and = Predicates.and(Predicates.alwaysTrue(), 
rightPredicate);
+
+    Expression bound = and.accept(bindVisitor);
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Lone", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitAndSimplifiesWhenRightBoundOperandIsAlwaysTrue() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.BinaryComparison leftPredicate = Predicates.eq(new 
NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane"));
+    Predicates.And and = Predicates.and(leftPredicate, 
Predicates.alwaysTrue());
+
+    Expression bound = and.accept(bindVisitor);
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Lone", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitOrBothOperandsBindAndEval() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.Or or = Predicates.or(
+        Predicates.eq(new NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane")),
+        Predicates.gt(new NameReference("c"), Literal.from(10)));
+    Expression bound = or.accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Lone", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Lone", 5, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitOrShortCircuitsWhenLeftIsTrueExpression() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.Or or = Predicates.or(Predicates.alwaysTrue(),
+        Predicates.eq(new NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane")));
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(or.accept(bindVisitor) instanceof 
Predicates.TrueExpression);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitOrShortCircuitsWhenRightIsTrueExpression() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.Or or = Predicates.or(
+        Predicates.eq(new NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane")), 
Predicates.alwaysTrue());
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(or.accept(bindVisitor) instanceof 
Predicates.TrueExpression);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitOrSimplifiesWhenBothBoundOperandsAreAlwaysFalse() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.Or or = Predicates.or(Predicates.alwaysFalse(), 
Predicates.alwaysFalse());
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(or.accept(bindVisitor) instanceof 
Predicates.FalseExpression);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitOrSimplifiesWhenLeftBoundOperandIsAlwaysFalse() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.BinaryComparison rightPredicate = Predicates.eq(new 
NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane"));
+    Predicates.Or or = Predicates.or(Predicates.alwaysFalse(), rightPredicate);
+
+    Expression bound = or.accept(bindVisitor);
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Lone", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitOrSimplifiesWhenRightBoundOperandIsAlwaysFalse() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.BinaryComparison leftPredicate = Predicates.eq(new 
NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Jane"));
+    Predicates.Or or = Predicates.or(leftPredicate, Predicates.alwaysFalse());
+
+    Expression bound = or.accept(bindVisitor);
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Lone", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateNot() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.Not not = Predicates.not(Predicates.eq(new NameReference("a"), 
Literal.from("Jane")));
+    Expression bound = not.accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Lone", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateNotOfAlwaysTrueChildIsAlwaysFalse() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.Not not = Predicates.not(Predicates.alwaysTrue());
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(not.accept(bindVisitor) instanceof 
Predicates.FalseExpression);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateNotOfAlwaysFalseChildIsAlwaysTrue() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.Not not = Predicates.not(Predicates.alwaysFalse());
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(not.accept(bindVisitor) instanceof 
Predicates.TrueExpression);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateBinaryComparison() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.BinaryComparison eq = Predicates.eq(new NameReference("c"), 
Literal.from(15));
+    Expression bound = eq.accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue(bound instanceof Predicates.BinaryComparison);
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateIn() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.In in = Predicates.in(new NameReference("c"),
+        Arrays.asList(Literal.from(10), Literal.from(15)));
+    Expression bound = in.accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 99, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateIsNull() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.IsNull isNull = Predicates.isNull(new NameReference("a"));
+    Expression bound = isNull.accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList(null, 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateIsNotNull() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.IsNotNull isNotNull = Predicates.isNotNull(new 
NameReference("a"));
+    Expression bound = isNotNull.accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList(null, 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateStringStartsWith() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.StringStartsWith startsWith = Predicates.startsWith(new 
NameReference("a"), Literal.from("Ja"));
+    Expression bound = startsWith.accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Lone", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateStringContains() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.StringContains contains = Predicates.contains(new 
NameReference("a"), Literal.from("an"));
+    Expression bound = contains.accept(bindVisitor);
+
+    Assertions.assertTrue((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Jane", 15, 5L))));
+    Assertions.assertFalse((Boolean) bound.eval(new 
ArrayData(Arrays.asList("Lone", 15, 5L))));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateThrowsForMissingFieldInsideBinaryComparison() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.BinaryComparison eq = Predicates.eq(new 
NameReference("unknown"), Literal.from("Jane"));
+
+    Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> 
eq.accept(bindVisitor));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVisitPredicateThrowsForUnsupportedPredicateType() {
+    BindVisitor bindVisitor = new BindVisitor(schema, true);
+    Predicates.StringStartsWithAny startsWithAny = 
Predicates.startsWithAny(new NameReference("a"),
+        Arrays.asList(Literal.from("Ja")));
+
+    IllegalArgumentException e = 
Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+        () -> startsWithAny.accept(bindVisitor));
+    Assertions.assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("cannot be visited as 
predicate"));

Review Comment:
   Filed as #19240 and fixed in #19241, which corrects the interpolation and 
adds a null-safe `toString()` to `StringStartsWithAny` so the message names the 
expression. That PR also creates `TestBindVisitor` and appends to 
`TestPredicates`, so whichever of the two lands second will need a trivial 
merge keeping both sets of tests.



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