Modified: websites/staging/nifi/trunk/content/docs/nifi-docs/administration-guide.html ============================================================================== --- websites/staging/nifi/trunk/content/docs/nifi-docs/administration-guide.html (original) +++ websites/staging/nifi/trunk/content/docs/nifi-docs/administration-guide.html Tue Apr 28 18:23:31 2015 @@ -1,20 +1,20 @@ <!-- -Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more -contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with -this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. -The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 -(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with -the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at + Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more + contributor license agreements. 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+.hide-for-print{display:none!important} .show-for-print{display:inherit!important}} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.min.css";> - <script> - (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ - (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), - m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) - })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); - - ga('create', 'UA-57264262-1', 'auto'); - ga('send', 'pageview'); - -</script> </head> <body class="article"> <div id="header"> @@ -447,43 +455,97 @@ body.book #toc,body.book #preamble,body. <div id="toc" class="toc"> <div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div> <ul class="sectlevel1"> +<li><a href="#system-requirements">System Requirements</a></li> <li><a href="#how-to-install-and-start-nifi">How to install and start NiFi</a></li> -<li><a href="#best-practice-configuration">Best Practice Configuration</a></li> +<li><a href="#configuration-best-practices">Configuration Best Practices</a></li> <li><a href="#security-configuration">Security Configuration</a></li> <li><a href="#controlling-levels-of-access">Controlling Levels of Access</a></li> +<li><a href="#clustering">Clustering Configuration</a></li> +<li><a href="#system_properties">System Properties</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="content"> <div class="sect1"> -<h2 id="how-to-install-and-start-nifi"><a class="anchor" href="#how-to-install-and-start-nifi"></a>How to install and start NiFi</h2> +<h2 id="system-requirements"><a class="anchor" href="#system-requirements"></a>System Requirements</h2> <div class="sectionbody"> -<div class="admonitionblock note"> -<table> -<tr> -<td class="icon"> -<i class="fa icon-note" title="Note"></i> -</td> -<td class="content"> -This section is incomplete. -</td> -</tr> -</table> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>Apache NiFi can run on something as simple as a laptop, but it can also be clustered across many enterprise-class servers. Therefore, the amount of hardware and memory needed will depend on the size and nature of the dataflow involved. The data is stored on disk while NiFi is processing it. So NiFi needs to have sufficient disk space allocated for its various repositories, particularly the content repository, flowfile repository, and provenance repository (see the <a href="#system_properties">System Properties</a> section for more information about these repositories). NiFi has the following minimum system requirements:</p> </div> <div class="ulist"> <ul> <li> +<p>Requires Java 7 or newer</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Supported Operating Systems:</p> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> <p>Linux</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Unix</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Windows</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Mac OS X</p> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +</li> +<li> +<p>Supported Web Browsers:</p> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>Internet Explorer 9+ (see note below)</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Mozilla FireFox 24+</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Google Chrome 36+</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Safari 8</p> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>Note that there is a known issue in Internet Explorer (IE) 10 and 11 that can cause problems when moving items on the NiFi graph. If you encounter this problem, we suggest using a browser other than IE. This known issue is described here: <a href="https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/Feedback/Details/1050422"; class="bare">https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/Feedback/Details/1050422</a>.</p> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="how-to-install-and-start-nifi"><a class="anchor" href="#how-to-install-and-start-nifi"></a>How to install and start NiFi</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>Linux/Unix/OS X</p> <div class="ulist"> <ul> <li> -<p>Decompress and untar into desired installation directory.</p> +<p>Decompress and untar into desired installation directory</p> </li> <li> <p>Make any desired edits in files found under <installdir>/conf</p> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>At a minimum, we recommend editing the <em>nifi.properties</em> file and entering a password for the nifi.sensitive.props.key (see <a href="#system_properties">System Properties</a> below)</p> +</li> +</ul> +</div> </li> <li> -<p>Execute the following commands</p> +<p>From the <installdir>/bin directory, execute the following commands by typing ./nifi.sh <command>:</p> <div class="ulist"> <ul> <li> @@ -496,10 +558,10 @@ This section is incomplete. <p>status: provides the current status of NiFi</p> </li> <li> -<p>run: runs NiFi in the foreground and waits for a Ctl-C to initiate shutdown of NiFi</p> +<p>run: runs NiFi in the foreground and waits for a Ctrl-C to initiate shutdown of NiFi</p> </li> <li> -<p>intall: installs NiFi as a service that can then be controlled via</p> +<p>install: installs NiFi as a service that can then be controlled via</p> <div class="ulist"> <ul> <li> @@ -520,12 +582,78 @@ This section is incomplete. </ul> </div> </li> +<li> +<p>Windows</p> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>Decompress into the desired installation directory</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Make any desired edits in the files found under <installdir>/conf</p> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>At a minimum, we recommend editing the <em>nifi.properties</em> file and entering a password for the nifi.sensitive.props.key (see <a href="#system_properties">System Properties</a> below)</p> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +</li> +<li> +<p>Navigate to the <installdir>/bin directory</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Double-click run-nifi.bat. This runs NiFi in the foreground and waits for a Ctrl-C to initiate shutdown of NiFi</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Alternatively, to start NiFi in the background, double-click start-nifi.bat</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>To stop NiFi running in the background, double-click stop-nifi.bat</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>To see the current status of NiFi, double-click status-nifi.bat</p> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>When NiFi first starts up, the following files and directories are created:</p> +</div> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>content_repository</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>database_repository</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>flowfile_repository</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>provenance_repository</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>work directory</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>logs directory</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Within the conf directory, the <em>flow.xml.gz</em> file and the templates directory are created</p> +</li> </ul> </div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>See the <a href="#system_properties">System Properties</a> section of this guide for more information about configuring NiFi repositories and configuration files.</p> +</div> </div> </div> <div class="sect1"> -<h2 id="best-practice-configuration"><a class="anchor" href="#best-practice-configuration"></a>Best Practice Configuration</h2> +<h2 id="configuration-best-practices"><a class="anchor" href="#configuration-best-practices"></a>Configuration Best Practices</h2> <div class="sectionbody"> <div class="admonitionblock note"> <table> @@ -534,9 +662,8 @@ This section is incomplete. <i class="fa icon-note" title="Note"></i> </td> <td class="content"> -Typical Linux defaults are not necessarily well tuned for the needs of an IO intensive application like -NiFi. For all of these areas your distributions requirements may vary. Use these sections as advice but -consult your distribution specific documentation for how best to achieve these recommendations. +If you are running on Linux, consider these best practices. Typical Linux defaults are not necessarily well tuned for the needs of an IO intensive application like NiFi. For all of these areas, your distribution’s requirements may vary. Use these sections as advice, but +consult your distribution-specific documentation for how best to achieve these recommendations. </td> </tr> </table> @@ -610,10 +737,10 @@ it but to adjust do something like</p> </div> <div class="dlist"> <dl> -<dt class="hdlist1">Tell linux you never want NiFi to swap</dt> +<dt class="hdlist1">Tell Linux you never want NiFi to swap</dt> <dd> <p>Swapping is fantastic for some applications. It isn’t good for something like -NiFi that always wants to be running. To tell linux you’d like swapping off you +NiFi that always wants to be running. To tell Linux you’d like swapping off you can edit <em>/etc/sysctl.conf</em> to add the following line</p> </dd> </dl> @@ -624,7 +751,7 @@ can edit <em>/etc/sysctl.conf</em> to ad </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> -<p>For the partions handling the various NiFi repos turn off things like <em>atime</em>. +<p>For the partitions handling the various NiFi repos turn off things like <em>atime</em>. Doing so can cause a surprising bump in throughput. Edit the <em>/etc/fstab</em> file and for the partition(s) of interest add the <em>noatime</em> option.</p> </div> @@ -650,27 +777,15 @@ This section is incomplete. <div class="sect1"> <h2 id="controlling-levels-of-access"><a class="anchor" href="#controlling-levels-of-access"></a>Controlling Levels of Access</h2> <div class="sectionbody"> -<div class="admonitionblock note"> -<table> -<tr> -<td class="icon"> -<i class="fa icon-note" title="Note"></i> -</td> -<td class="content"> -This section is incomplete. -</td> -</tr> -</table> -</div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Once NiFi is configured to run securely as discussed in the previous section, it is necessary -to manually designate an ADMIN user in the authorized-users.xml file, which is located in the +to manually designate an ADMIN user in the <em>authorized-users.xml</em> file, which is located in the root installation’s conf directory. After this ADMIN user has been added, s/he may grant access -to other users, systems, and other instances of NiFi, through the User Interface (UI) without having to manually edit the authorized-users.xml +to other users, systems, and other instances of NiFi, through the User Interface (UI) without having to manually edit the <em>authorized-users.xml</em> file. If you are the administrator, you would add yourself as the ADMIN user in this file.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> -<p>Open the authorized-users.xml file in a text editor. You will notice that it includes a template +<p>Open the <em>authorized-users.xml</em> file in a text editor. You will notice that it includes a template to guide you, with example entries that are commented out.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> @@ -701,9 +816,9 @@ in place of "user dn - read only and adm </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> -<p>After the authorized-users.xml file has been edited and saved, restart NiFi. +<p>After the <em>authorized-users.xml</em> file has been edited and saved, restart NiFi. Once the application starts, the ADMIN user is -able to access the UI at the https URL that is configured in the nifi.properties file.</p> +able to access the UI at the https URL that is configured in the <em>nifi.properties</em> file.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>From the UI, click on the Users icon ( <span class="image"><img src="./images/iconUsers.png" alt="Users" width="32"></span> ) in the @@ -733,10 +848,960 @@ cluster, s/he can grant it to the group </div> </div> </div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="clustering"><a class="anchor" href="#clustering"></a>Clustering Configuration</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>This section provides a quick overview of NiFi Clustering and instructions on how to set up a basic cluster. In the future, we hope to provide supplemental documentation that covers the NiFi Cluster Architecture in depth.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>The design of NiFi clustering is a simple master/slave model where there is a master and one or more slaves. While the model is that of master and slave, if the master dies, the slaves are all instructed to continue operating as they were to ensure the dataflow remains live. The absence of the master simply means new slaves cannot join the cluster and cluster flow changes cannot occur until the master is restored. In NiFi clustering, we call the master the NiFi Cluster Manager (NCM), and the slaves are called Nodes. See a full description of each in the Terminology section below.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Why Cluster?</strong><br></p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>NiFi Administrators or Dataflow Managers (DFMs) may find that using one instance of NiFi on a single server is not enough to process the amount of data they have. So, one solution is to run the same dataflow on multiple NiFi servers. However, this creates a management problem, because each time DFMs want to change or update the dataflow, they must make those changes on each server and then monitor each server individually. By clustering the NiFi servers, it’s possible to have that increased processing capability along with a single interface through which to make dataflow changes and monitor the dataflow. Clustering allows the DFM to make each change only once, and that change is then replicated to all the nodes of the cluster. Through the single interface, the DFM may also monitor the health and status of all the nodes.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>NiFi Clustering is unique and has its own terminology. It’s important to understand the following terms before setting up a cluster.</p> +</div> +<div id="terminology" class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Terminology</strong><br></p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>NiFi Cluster Manager</strong>: A NiFi Cluster Manager (NCM) is an instance of NiFi that provides the sole management point for the cluster. It communicates dataflow changes to the nodes and receives health and status information from the nodes. It also ensures that a uniform dataflow is maintained across the cluster. When DFMs manage a dataflow in a cluster, they do so through the User Interface of the NCM (i.e., via the URL of the NCM’s User Interface). Fundamentally, the NCM keeps the state of the cluster consistent.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Nodes</strong>: Each cluster is made up of the NCM and one or more nodes. The nodes do the actual data processing. (The NCM does not process any data; all data runs through the nodes.) While nodes are connected to a cluster, the DFM may not access the User Interface for any of the individual nodes. The User Interface of a node may only be accessed if the node is manually removed from the cluster.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Primary Node</strong>: Every cluster has one Primary Node. On this node, it is possible to run "Isolated Processors" (see below). By default, the NCM will elect the first node that connects to the cluster as the Primary Node; however, the DFM may select a new node as the Primary Node in the Cluster Management page of the User Interface if desired. If the cluster restarts, the NCM will "remember" which node was the Primary Node and wait for that node to re-connect before allowing the DFM to make any changes to the dataflow. The ADMIN may adjust how long the NCM waits for the Primary Node to reconnect by adjusting the property <em>nifi.cluster.manager.safemode.duration</em> in the <em>nifi.properties</em> file, which is discussed in the <a href="#system_properties">System Properties</a> section of this document.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Isolated Processors</strong>: In a NiFi cluster, the same dataflow runs on all the nodes. As a result, every component in the flow runs on every node. However, there may be cases when the DFM would not want every processor to run on every node. The most common case is when using a processor that communicates with an external service using a protocol that does not scale well. For example, the GetSFTP processor pulls from a remote directory, and if the GetSFTP on every node in the cluster tries simultaneously to pull from the same remote directory, there could be race conditions. Therefore, the DFM could configure the GetSFTP on the Primary Node to run in isolation, meaning that it only runs on that node. It could pull in data and -with the proper dataflow configuration- load-balance it across the rest of the nodes in the cluster. Note that while this feature exists, it is also very common to simply use a standalone NiFi instance to pull data and feed it to the cluster. It just depends on the resources available and how the Administrator decides to configure the cluster.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Heartbeats</strong>: The nodes communicate their health and status to the NCM via "heartbeats", which let the NCM know they are still connected to the cluster and working properly. By default, the nodes emit heartbeats to the NCM every 5 seconds, and if the NCM does not receive a heartbeat from a node within 45 seconds, it disconnects the node due to "lack of heartbeat". (The 5-second and 45-second settings are configurable in the <em>nifi.properties</em> file. See the <a href="#system_properties">System Properties</a> section of this document for more information.) The reason that the NCM disconnects the node is because the NCM needs to ensure that every node in the cluster is in sync, and if a node is not heard from regularly, the NCM cannot be sure it is still in sync with the rest of the cluster. If, after 45 seconds, the node does send a new heartbeat, the NCM will automatically reconnect the node to the cluster. Both the disconnection due to lack of heartbeat and th e reconnection once a heartbeat is received are reported to the DFM in the NCM’s User Interface.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Communication within the Cluster</strong><br></p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>As noted, the nodes communicate with the NCM via heartbeats. The communication that allows the nodes to find the NCM may be set up as multicast or unicast; this is configured in the <em>nifi.properties</em> file (See <a href="#system_properties">System Properties</a> ). By default, unicast is used. It is important to note that the nodes in a NiFi cluster are not aware of each other. They only communicate with the NCM. Therefore, if one of the nodes goes down, the other nodes in the cluster will not automatically pick up the load of the missing node. It is possible for the DFM to configure the dataflow for failover contingencies; however, this is dependent on the dataflow design and does not happen automatically.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>When the DFM makes changes to the dataflow, the NCM communicates those changes to the nodes and waits for each node to respond, indicating that it has made the change on its local flow. If the DFM wants to make another change, the NCM will only allow this to happen once all the nodes have acknowledged that they’ve implemented the last change. This is a safeguard to ensure that all the nodes in the cluster have the correct and up-to-date flow.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Dealing with Disconnected Nodes</strong><br></p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>A DFM may manually disconnect a node from the cluster. But if a node becomes disconnected for any other reason (such as due to lack of heartbeat), the NCM will show a bulletin on the User Interface, and the DFM will not be able to make any changes to the dataflow until the issue of the disconnected node is resolved. The DFM or the Administrator will need to troubleshoot the issue with the node and resolve it before any new changes may be made to the dataflow. However, it is worth noting that just because a node is disconnected does not mean that it is not working; it just means that the NCM cannot communicate with the node.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Basic Cluster Setup</strong><br></p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>This section describes the setup for a simple two-node, non-secure, unicast cluster comprised of three instances of NiFi:</p> +</div> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>The NCM</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Node 1</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Node 2</p> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>Administrators may install each instance on a separate server; however, it is also perfectly fine to install the NCM and one of the nodes on the same server, as the NCM is very lightweight. Just keep in mind that the ports assigned to each instance must not collide if the NCM and one of the nodes share the same server.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>For each instance, certain properties in the <em>nifi.properties</em> file will need to be updated. In particular, the Web and Clustering properties should be evaluated for your situation and adjusted accordingly. All the properties are described in the <a href="#system_properties">System Properties</a> section of this guide; however, in this section, we will focus on the minimum properties that must be set for a simple cluster.</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>For all three instances, the Cluster Common Properties can be left with the default settings. Note, however, that if you change these settings, they must be set the same on every instance in the cluster (NCM and nodes).</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>For the NCM, the minimum properties to configure are as follows:</p> +</div> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>Under the Web Properties, set either the http or https port that you want the NCM to run on. If the NCM and one of the nodes are on the same server, make sure this port is different from the web port used by the node.</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Under the Cluster Manager Properties, set the following:</p> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.is.manager - Set this to <em>true</em>.</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.protocol.manager.port - Set this to an open port that is higher than 1024 (anything lower requires root). Take note of this setting, as you will need to reference it when you set up the nodes.</p> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>For Node 1, the minimum properties to configure are as follows:</p> +</div> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>Under the Web Properties, set either the http or https port that you want Node 1 to run on. If the NCM is running on the same server, choose a different web port for Node 1. Also, consider whether you need to set the http or https host property.</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Under Cluster Node Properties, set the following:</p> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.is.node - Set this to <em>true</em>.</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.node.address - Set this to the fully qualified hostname of the node. If left blank, it defaults to "localhost".</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.node.protocol.port - Set this to an open port that is higher than 1024 (anything lower requires root). If Node 1 and the NCM are on the same server, make sure this port is different from the nifi.cluster.protocol.manager.port.</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.node.unicast.manager.address - Set this to the NCM’s fully qualified hostname.</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.node.unicast.manager.protocol.port - Set this to exactly the same port that was set on the NCM for the property nifi.cluster.manager.protocol.port.</p> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>For Node 2, the minimum properties to configure are as follows:</p> +</div> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>Under the Web Properties, set either the http or https port that you want Node 2 to run on. Also, consider whether you need to set the http or https host property.</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>Under the Cluster Node Properties, set the following:</p> +<div class="ulist"> +<ul> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.is.node - Set this to <em>true</em>.</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.node.address - Set this to the fully qualified hostname of the node. If left blank, it defaults to "localhost".</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.node.protocol.port - Set this to an open port that is higher than 1024 (anything lower requires root).</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.node.unicast.manager.address - Set this to the NCM’s fully qualified hostname.</p> +</li> +<li> +<p>nifi.cluster.node.unicast.manager.protocol.port - Set this to exactly the same port that was set on the NCM for the property nifi.cluster.manager.protocol.port.</p> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +</li> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>Now, it is possible to start up the cluster. Technically, it does not matter which instance starts up first. However, you could start the NCM first, then Node 1 and then Node 2. Since the first node that connects is automatically elected as the Primary Node, this sequence should create a cluster where Node 1 is the Primary Node. Navigate to the URL for the NCM in your web browser, and the User Interface should look similar to the following:</p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><span class="image"><img src="./images/ncm.png" alt="NCM User Interface" width="940"></span></p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p><strong>Troubleshooting</strong></p> +</div> +<div class="paragraph"> +<p>If you encounter issues and your cluster does not work as described, investigate the nifi.app log and nifi.user log on both the NCM and the nodes. If needed, you can change the logging level to DEBUG by editing the conf/logback.xml file. Specifically, set the level="DEBUG" in the following line (instead of "INFO"):</p> +</div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="content"> +<pre> <logger name="org.apache.nifi.web.api.config" level="INFO" +additivity="false"> + <appender-ref ref="USER_FILE"/> + </logger></pre> +</div> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="system_properties"><a class="anchor" href="#system_properties"></a>System Properties</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph">
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