realprocrastinator opened a new pull request, #18153:
URL: https://github.com/apache/nuttx/pull/18153

   ## Summary
   
   ARM SysTick requires programming RELOAD = N - 1 to achieve a period of N CPU 
cycles. This change fixes an off-by-one in the SysTick reload/timeout 
conversions by:
   
   subtracting 1 when writing RELOAD, and adding 1 back when reporting 
timeouts/intervals derived from RELOAD
   clamping RELOAD to the valid 24-bit range (1..0x00ffffff) on Armv7-M and 
Armv8-M to avoid invalid values
   This prevents subtle time drift (short “jiffies”) when the desired tick 
interval is computed from CPU frequency and timeout.
   
   Reference: 
[https://developer.arm.com/documentation/dui0646/c/Cortex-M7-Peripherals/System-timer--SysTick/SysTick-Reload-Value-Register](vscode-file://vscode-app/c:/Users/MI/AppData/Local/Programs/Microsoft%20VS%20Code/resources/app/out/vs/code/electron-browser/workbench/workbench.html)
   
   ## Impact
   
   Users/behavior: More accurate SysTick timing; avoids systematic drift caused 
by programming RELOAD = N instead of N-1.
   Compatibility: No API changes; behavior change is limited to SysTick timing 
on Armv7-M/Armv8-M ports using the SysTick lower-half.
   
   ## Testing
   
   - Testing was performed on a custom Cortex-M7 board.
   - I configured SysTick for a 1 ms interval and monitored the system over an 
extended runtime.
   - Compared to the previous behavior, the long-term timing drift was 
significantly reduced.
   
   


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