siddharthteotia commented on code in PR #9454:
URL: https://github.com/apache/pinot/pull/9454#discussion_r983091632


##########
pinot-segment-local/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/local/segment/index/loader/ForwardIndexHandler.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.pinot.segment.local.segment.index.loader;
+
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.local.segment.readers.PinotSegmentColumnReader;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.ColumnMetadata;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.SegmentMetadata;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.V1Constants;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.compression.ChunkCompressionType;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.creator.IndexCreationContext;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.creator.IndexCreatorProvider;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.creator.SegmentVersion;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.index.creator.ForwardIndexCreator;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.index.reader.ForwardIndexReader;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.store.ColumnIndexType;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.spi.store.SegmentDirectory;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+
+/**
+ * Helper class used by {@link SegmentPreProcessor} to make changes to forward 
index and dictionary configs. Note
+ * that this handler only works for segment versions >= 3.0. Support for 
segment version < 3.0 is not added because
+ * majority of the usecases are in versions >= 3.0 and this avoids adding tech 
debt. The currently supported
+ * operations are:
+ * 1. Change compression on raw SV columns.
+ *
+ *  TODO: Add support for the following:
+ *  1. Change compression for raw MV columns
+ *  2. Enable dictionary
+ *  3. Disable dictionary
+ */
+public class ForwardIndexHandler implements IndexHandler {
+  private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(ForwardIndexHandler.class);
+
+  private final SegmentMetadata _segmentMetadata;
+  IndexLoadingConfig _indexLoadingConfig;
+
+  protected enum Operation {
+    // TODO: Add other operations like ENABLE_DICTIONARY, DISABLE_DICTIONARY.
+    CHANGE_RAW_INDEX_COMPRESSION_TYPE,
+  }
+
+  public ForwardIndexHandler(SegmentMetadata segmentMetadata, 
IndexLoadingConfig indexLoadingConfig) {
+    _segmentMetadata = segmentMetadata;
+    _indexLoadingConfig = indexLoadingConfig;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean needUpdateIndices(SegmentDirectory.Reader segmentReader)
+      throws Exception {
+    Map<String, Operation> columnOperationMap = 
computeOperation(segmentReader);
+    return !columnOperationMap.isEmpty();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void updateIndices(SegmentDirectory.Writer segmentWriter, 
IndexCreatorProvider indexCreatorProvider)
+      throws Exception {
+    Map<String, Operation> columnOperationMap = 
computeOperation(segmentWriter);
+    if (columnOperationMap.isEmpty()) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    for (Map.Entry<String, Operation> entry : columnOperationMap.entrySet()) {
+      String column = entry.getKey();
+      Operation operation = entry.getValue();
+
+      switch (operation) {
+        case CHANGE_RAW_INDEX_COMPRESSION_TYPE:
+          rewriteRawForwardIndex(column, segmentWriter, indexCreatorProvider);
+          break;
+        // TODO: Add other operations here.
+        default:
+          throw new IllegalStateException("Unsupported operation for column " 
+ column);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  Map<String, Operation> computeOperation(SegmentDirectory.Reader 
segmentReader)
+      throws Exception {
+    Map<String, Operation> columnOperationMap = new HashMap<>();
+
+    // Does not work for segment versions < V3
+    if (_segmentMetadata.getVersion().compareTo(SegmentVersion.v3) < 0) {
+      return columnOperationMap;
+    }
+
+    // From existing column config.
+    Set<String> existingAllColumns = _segmentMetadata.getAllColumns();
+    Set<String> existingDictColumns =
+        
segmentReader.toSegmentDirectory().getColumnsWithIndex(ColumnIndexType.DICTIONARY);
+    Set<String> existingNoDictColumns = new HashSet<>();
+    for (String column : existingAllColumns) {
+      if (!existingDictColumns.contains(column)) {
+        existingNoDictColumns.add(column);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // From new column config.
+    Set<String> newNoDictColumns = 
_indexLoadingConfig.getNoDictionaryColumns();
+
+    for (String column : existingAllColumns) {
+      if (existingNoDictColumns.contains(column) && 
newNoDictColumns.contains(column)) {
+        // Both existing and new column is RAW forward index encoded. Check if 
compression needs to be changed.
+        if (shouldChangeCompressionType(column, segmentReader)) {
+          columnOperationMap.put(column, 
Operation.CHANGE_RAW_INDEX_COMPRESSION_TYPE);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    return columnOperationMap;
+  }
+
+  private boolean shouldChangeCompressionType(String column, 
SegmentDirectory.Reader segmentReader) throws Exception {
+    ColumnMetadata existingColMetadata = 
_segmentMetadata.getColumnMetadataFor(column);
+
+    // TODO: Remove this MV column limitation.
+    if (!existingColMetadata.isSingleValue()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    // The compression type for an existing segment can only be determined by 
reading the forward index header.
+    try (ForwardIndexReader fwdIndexReader = 
LoaderUtils.getForwardIndexReader(segmentReader, existingColMetadata)) {
+      ChunkCompressionType existingCompressionType = 
fwdIndexReader.getCompressionType();
+      Preconditions.checkState(existingCompressionType != null,
+          "Existing compressionType cannot be null for raw forward index 
column=" + column);
+
+      // Get the new compression type.
+      ChunkCompressionType newCompressionType = null;
+      Map<String, ChunkCompressionType> newCompressionConfigs = 
_indexLoadingConfig.getCompressionConfigs();
+      if (newCompressionConfigs.containsKey(column)) {
+        newCompressionType = newCompressionConfigs.get(column);
+      }
+
+      // Note that default compression type (PASS_THROUGH for metric and LZ4 
for dimension) is not considered if the
+      // compressionType is not explicitly provided in tableConfig. This is to 
avoid incorrectly rewriting the all
+      // forward indexes during segmentReload when the default compressionType 
changes.
+      if (newCompressionType == null || existingCompressionType == 
newCompressionType) {
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void rewriteRawForwardIndex(String column, SegmentDirectory.Writer 
segmentWriter,
+      IndexCreatorProvider indexCreatorProvider)
+      throws Exception {
+    Preconditions.checkState(_segmentMetadata.getVersion() == 
SegmentVersion.v3);
+
+    ColumnMetadata existingColMetadata = 
_segmentMetadata.getColumnMetadataFor(column);
+    File indexDir = _segmentMetadata.getIndexDir();
+    String segmentName = _segmentMetadata.getName();
+    File inProgress = new File(indexDir, column + ".fwd.inprogress");
+    File fwdIndexFile = new File(indexDir, column + 
V1Constants.Indexes.RAW_SV_FORWARD_INDEX_FILE_EXTENSION);
+
+    if (!inProgress.exists()) {
+      // Marker file does not exist, which means last run ended normally.
+      // Create a marker file.
+      FileUtils.touch(inProgress);
+    } else {
+      // Marker file exists, which means last run was interrupted.
+      // Remove forward index if exists.
+      FileUtils.deleteQuietly(fwdIndexFile);
+    }
+
+    LOGGER.info("Creating new forward index for segment={} and column={}", 
segmentName, column);
+
+    Map<String, ChunkCompressionType> compressionConfigs = 
_indexLoadingConfig.getCompressionConfigs();
+    Preconditions.checkState(compressionConfigs.containsKey(column));
+    // At this point, compressionConfigs is guaranteed to contain the column. 
If there's no entry in the map, we
+    // wouldn't have computed the CHANGE_RAW_COMPRESSION_TYPE operation for 
this column as compressionType changes
+    // are processed only if a valid compressionType is specified in 
fieldConfig.
+    ChunkCompressionType newCompressionType = compressionConfigs.get(column);
+
+    int numDocs = existingColMetadata.getTotalDocs();
+
+    try (ForwardIndexReader reader = 
LoaderUtils.getForwardIndexReader(segmentWriter, existingColMetadata)) {
+      int lengthOfLongestEntry = reader.getLengthOfLongestEntry();
+      Preconditions.checkState(lengthOfLongestEntry >= 0,
+          "lengthOfLongestEntry cannot be negative. segment=" + segmentName + 
" column={}" + column);
+
+      IndexCreationContext.Forward context =
+          
IndexCreationContext.builder().withIndexDir(indexDir).withColumnMetadata(existingColMetadata)
+              .withLengthOfLongestEntry(lengthOfLongestEntry).build()
+              .forForwardIndex(newCompressionType, 
_indexLoadingConfig.getColumnProperties());
+
+      try (ForwardIndexCreator creator = 
indexCreatorProvider.newForwardIndexCreator(context)) {
+        // If creator stored type and the reader stored type do not match, 
throw an exception.
+        if (!reader.getStoredType().equals(creator.getValueType())) {
+          String failureMsg =
+              "Unsupported operation to change datatype for column=" + column 
+ " from " + reader.getStoredType()
+                  .toString() + " to " + creator.getValueType().toString();
+          throw new UnsupportedOperationException(failureMsg);
+        }
+
+        PinotSegmentColumnReader columnReader =

Review Comment:
   We just need to create the `ForwardIndexReaderContext` ourselves in this 
code and should be able to read. Not saying that creating 
`PinotSegmentColumnReader` is wrong. Just don't see the need imo



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