BewareMyPower opened a new pull request, #23940:
URL: https://github.com/apache/pulsar/pull/23940

   ### Motivation
   
   In protocol handler's implementation, sometimes it needs to record the 
current base offset before the actual `asyncAddEntry` call (or the wrapped 
`PersistentTopic#publishMessages` call), for example:
   
   ```java
       private final PersistentTopic persistentTopic;
       private final Set<Long> pendingBaseOffsets = 
ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet();
   
       private synchronized void add(ByteBuf buffer, int batchSize) {
           final var ml = (ManagedLedgerImpl) 
persistentTopic.getManagedLedger();
           final var interceptor = (ManagedLedgerInterceptorImpl) 
ml.getManagedLedgerInterceptor();
           final var baseOffset = interceptor.getIndex(); // the base offset of 
the next batch to write
           pendingBaseOffsets.add(baseOffset);
           ml.asyncAddEntry(buffer, batchSize, new 
AsyncCallbacks.AddEntryCallback() {
   
               @Override
               public void addComplete(Position position, ByteBuf entryData, 
Object ctx) {
                   if (!pendingBaseOffsets.remove(baseOffset)) {
                       log.error("Failed to remove {}", baseOffset);
                   }
   ```
   
   However, the existing implementation won't work as expected that even if the 
downstream protocol handler guarantees that `asyncAddEntry` is called in a 
single thread. See 
https://github.com/apache/pulsar/blob/a19eaa2b972ab8fe1a2a45e65df1566cf28fb336/managed-ledger/src/main/java/org/apache/bookkeeper/mledger/impl/ManagedLedgerImpl.java#L804-L809
   
   First, the code above does not make sense because `internalAsyncAddEntry` 
itself is already synchronized.
   
   Second, to guarantee thread safety for concurrent add operations, switching 
to another thread is not more efficient than synchronizing the method call. 
Mostly, it's less efficient because `execute` involves with at least two method 
calls (`offer` and `poll`) on a `BlockingQueue`, as well as some other 
operations (like CAS). Take `ArrayBlockingQueue` as example, both its `offer` 
and `poll` implementations need to acquire the internal lock.
   
   Third, switching to another thread to execute the core logic is 
anti-intuitive, especially for modifying some fields that represent the current 
states. For example, to achieve the same goal at the beginning, I have to write 
the code like:
   
   ```java
           ml.getExecutor().execute(() -> {
               pendingBaseOffsets.add(baseOffset);
               ml.asyncAddEntry(buffer, batchSize, callback, ctx);
           });
   ```
   
   ### Modifications
   
   Split `internalAsyncAddEntry` to two methods `beforeAddEntryToQueue` and 
`afterAddEntryToQueue` that are called before and after adding the operation to 
`pendingAddEntries`. Then simplify the code by throwing an exception and pass 
the exception to the callback. It's also more efficient because 
`OpAddEntry#failed` won't be called in the synchronized block.
   
   Add `testBeforeAddEntry` to protect the change.
   
   
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