cleaned up themes page
Project: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts-site/repo Commit: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts-site/commit/263cb507 Tree: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts-site/tree/263cb507 Diff: http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts-site/diff/263cb507 Branch: refs/heads/master Commit: 263cb507d0c2aa811b41a172401908047b120611 Parents: 67828ff Author: Stefaan Dutry <stefaan.du...@gmail.com> Authored: Sun Apr 2 10:29:13 2017 +0200 Committer: Stefaan Dutry <stefaan.du...@gmail.com> Committed: Sun Apr 2 10:29:13 2017 +0200 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- source/getting-started/themes.md | 89 ++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/struts-site/blob/263cb507/source/getting-started/themes.md ---------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/source/getting-started/themes.md b/source/getting-started/themes.md index e15c42a..15a785a 100644 --- a/source/getting-started/themes.md +++ b/source/getting-started/themes.md @@ -6,34 +6,25 @@ title: Themes The example code for this tutorial, themes, is available for checkout at [https://github.com/apache/struts-examples](https://github.com/apache/struts-examples) -> - -#####Introduction##### +__Introduction__ When you use a Struts 2 tag such as s:select in your web page, the Struts 2 framework generates HTML that styles the appearance and controls the layout of the select control. The style and layout is determined by which Struts 2 theme is set for the tag. Struts 2 comes with three built-in themes: simple, xhtml, and css_xhtml. If you donât specify a theme, then Struts 2 will use the xhtml theme by default. - - -| The [Struts 2 user mailing list](http://struts.apache.org/mail.html)^[http://struts.apache.org/mail.html] is an excellent place to get help. If you are having a problem getting the tutorial example applications to work search the Struts 2 mailing list. If you don't find an answer to your problem, post a question on the mailing list. - -| +The [Struts 2 user mailing list](http://struts.apache.org/mail.html) is an excellent place to get help. If you are having a problem getting the tutorial example applications to work search the Struts 2 mailing list. If you don't find an answer to your problem, post a question on the mailing list. For example, this Struts 2 select tag: **Struts 2 Select Tag** - -~~~~~~~ +```html <s:select key="personBean.sport" list="sports" /> - -~~~~~~~ +``` generates this HTML markup: **HTML Created By Struts 2 Select Tag** - -~~~~~~~ +```html <tr> <td class="tdLabel"> <label for="save_personBean_sport" class="label">Favorite sport:</label> @@ -46,14 +37,13 @@ generates this HTML markup: </select> </td> </tr> - -~~~~~~~ +``` Notice how the HTML generated uses table tags to control the layout of the label and select HTML. There is also a class, tdLabel, applied to the table column where the label tag is rendered. Since no theme was specified for the Struts 2 select tag the default xhmtl theme was used. -#####Specifying The Theme Struts 2 Should Use##### +__Specifying The Theme Struts 2 Should Use__ -The Struts 2 tags have a theme attribute you can use to specify which Struts 2 theme should be used when creating the HTML for that tag. The values for the theme attribute are simple, xhtml, css_xhtml, and ajax. To learn more about these themes visit _Themes and Templates Documentation_ . This tutorial will review the xhtml, css_xhtml, and the simple themes. The ajax theme is a special theme used for ajax operations (see _Ajax Theme in the documentation_ ). +The Struts 2 tags have a theme attribute you can use to specify which Struts 2 theme should be used when creating the HTML for that tag. The values for the theme attribute are simple, xhtml, css_xhtml, and ajax. To learn more about these themes visit [Themes and Templates Documentation](//struts.apache.org/docs/themes-and-templates.html) . This tutorial will review the xhtml, css_xhtml, and the simple themes. The ajax theme is a special theme used for ajax operations (see [Ajax Theme in the documentation](http://struts.apache.org/docs/ajax-theme.html) ). You can specify the theme on a per Struts 2 tag basis or you can use one of the following methods to specify what theme Struts 2 should use: @@ -69,9 +59,9 @@ You can specify the theme on a per Struts 2 tag basis or you can use one of the 6. The application-scoped attribute named "theme" -7. The struts.ui.theme property in struts.properties (defaults to xhtml) +7. The `struts.ui.theme` property in `struts.properties` (defaults to xhtml) -Consult _Selecting Themes_ for how to set the theme using the above approaches. +Consult [Selecting Themes](//struts.apache.org/docs/selecting-themes.html) for how to set the theme using the above approaches. In the example application, examine edit.jsp. The theme attribute of the form tag is set to xhtml. Run the application (see the readme.txt file) and view the source for edit.jsp after it is rendered in your browser. You should see the form HTML tags layout controlled by table tags. @@ -79,16 +69,15 @@ Change the theme to simple for the formâs theme attribute and redeploy the app Change the theme to css_xhtml for the formâs theme attribute and redeploy the application. Examine the source for edit.jsp after it is rendered in the browser. The layout of the form tags is now controlled by div tags and the label tags are back. -#####Specifying The CSS Used By The Struts 2 Tag##### +__Specifying The CSS Used By The Struts 2 Tag__ -Change the theme attribute for the form tag back to xhtml. Notice when you view the source of edit.jsp after it is rendered in the browser that there is a class named tdLabel applied to the table column that contains the label. This CSS class controls the position of the label in the table column. The tdLabel style is defined in /themes/struts/xhtml/styles.css. The link to this style sheet was included in edit.jspâs head section when you add the s:head tag to edit.jsp. +Change the theme attribute for the form tag back to xhtml. Notice when you view the source of edit.jsp after it is rendered in the browser that there is a class named tdLabel applied to the table column that contains the label. This CSS class controls the position of the label in the table column. The tdLabel style is defined in /themes/struts/xhtml/styles.css. The link to this style sheet was included in edit.jspâs head section when you add the `s:head` tag to `edit.jsp`. Load this style sheet in your browser (in the example application the link is [http://localhost:8080/themes/struts/xhtml/styles.css](http://localhost:8080/themes/struts/xhtml/styles.css) if your Servlet container is running on localhost, port 8080). Youâll see the following: **styles.css** - -~~~~~~~ +```css .label {font-style:italic; } .errorLabel {font-style:italic; color:red; } .errorMessage {font-weight:bold; color:red; } @@ -96,26 +85,23 @@ Load this style sheet in your browser (in the example application the link is [h .checkboxErrorLabel {color:red; } .required {color:red;} .tdLabel {text-align:right; vertical-align:top; } - -~~~~~~~ +``` So the .label selector renders the label tagâs text in italic. The .tdLabel tag specifies that the text should align to the right and top of the table column. -You can override the above selectors by including the same selectors in your pageâs head section. For example add the following to the head section of edit.jsp. +You can override the above selectors by including the same selectors in your pageâs head section. For example add the following to the head section of `edit.jsp`. **Override Label Style** - -~~~~~~~ +```html <style type="text/css"> - .label {color:blue; font-style:normal; font-weight:bold} + .label {color:blue; font-style:normal; font-weight:bold} </style> - -~~~~~~~ +``` Now the label tag will render the text in blue, bold, normal (not italics) style. -#####Creating And Applying Your Own Themes For Struts 2 Tags##### +__Creating And Applying Your Own Themes For Struts 2 Tags__ The theme templates (simple, xhtml, css_xhtml) can be found in the Struts 2 core jar file. If you expand (extract the files) the Struts 2 core jar file you'll find folders named template.css_xhtml, template.simple, and template.xhtml. Those folders contain the templates for the three default Struts 2 themes. In each folder is a file for each Struts 2 tag. For example if you expand the template.xhtml folder youâll see the select.ftl file. @@ -125,53 +111,36 @@ Also in the template.xhmtl folder is the styles.css file. This is the styles.css Letâs say we wanted to create our own theme that will change how the Struts 2 checkboxlist tag displays the checkboxes and their labels. -In the example application I've extended the default XHMTL theme (see file theme.properties under src/main/resources/template/KUTheme).  The checkboxlist.ftl theme that is part of the XHTML theme only includes a space between each label and the next checkbox (see checkboxlist.ftl in the template/simple folder in Struts 2 core). That is why all the checkboxes are displayed across the width of the browser window. For my custom checkboxlist theme I want to have a break tag after each label tag so that each checkbox and its label will be on their own line. +In the example application I've extended the default XHMTL theme (see file `theme.properties` under src/main/resources/template/KUTheme).  The checkboxlist.ftl theme that is part of the XHTML theme only includes a space between each label and the next checkbox (see checkboxlist.ftl in the template/simple folder in Struts 2 core). That is why all the checkboxes are displayed across the width of the browser window. For my custom checkboxlist theme I want to have a break tag after each label tag so that each checkbox and its label will be on their own line. In the example application there is a folder named src/main/resources/template/KUTheme. In that folder is a checkboxlist.ftl, the contents of which I originally copied from the checkboxlist.ftl that is in the templates.xhtml folder from the struts 2 core jar. -I then modified the checkboxlist.ftl in the KUTheme folder to be: +I then modified the `checkboxlist.ftl` in the KUTheme folder to be: **Modified checkboxlist.ftl** - -~~~~~~~ +```ftl <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/${parameters.expandTheme}/controlheader.ftl" /> <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/KUTheme_simple/checkboxlist.ftl" /> <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/${parameters.expandTheme}/controlfooter.ftl" /><#nt/> - -~~~~~~~ +``` Be sure to note the change to the second lineâusing KUTheme_simple in the path. -Then in the example application I created a KUTheme_simple folder under - -~~~~~~~ -src/main/resources/template -~~~~~~~ - (optionally you can place it under - -~~~~~~~ -webapp -~~~~~~~ -, e.g. - -~~~~~~~ -src/main/webapp/template -~~~~~~~ -). In that folder I created checkboxlist.ftl and copied the contents from template.simple checkboxlist.ftl (again found in the Struts 2 core jar). After copying the contents to checkboxlist.ftl that is in KUTheme_simple folder, I modified checkboxlist.ftl so that the label tag has a style of red bold text and I added a break tag after each label so that each check box and label will be on its own line. +Then in the example application I created a KUTheme_simple folder under `src/main/resources/template` (optionally you can place it under `webapp`, e.g. `src/main/webapp/template` ). In that folder I created checkboxlist.ftl and copied the contents from `template.simple` `checkboxlist.ftl` (again found in the Struts 2 core jar). After copying the contents to checkboxlist.ftl that is in KUTheme_simple folder, I modified checkboxlist.ftl so that the label tag has a style of red bold text and I added a break tag after each label so that each check box and label will be on its own line. -Since the XHTML theme is the default theme and I have a theme.properties file defined with parent = xhtml, the KUTheme will inherit all the themes from xhmtl exempt for the theme for the checkboxlist tag since my KUTheme includes a definition for that tag's layout.  In the struts.xml file (src/main/resources) you will see that the I've specified the default theme to be KUTheme. +Since the XHTML theme is the default theme and I have a theme.properties file defined with parent = xhtml, the KUTheme will inherit all the themes from xhmtl exempt for the theme for the checkboxlist tag since my KUTheme includes a definition for that tag's layout.  In the `struts.xml` file (src/main/resources) you will see that the I've specified the default theme to be KUTheme. -In the deployed web application, Struts 2 will first look for a tag's template on the application's class path and if it doesn't find the template there it will use the default template that is part of the Struts 2 core jar. Since we've added a template folder to the application's web root, now when Struts 2 creates the HTML to display the checkboxlist tag it will use the template that is in the KUTheme folder (which tells it to use the checkboxlist.ftl file that is in the KUTheme_simple folder instead of the one in the template.simple folder that is part of the Struts 2 core Jar). +In the deployed web application, Struts 2 will first look for a tag's template on the application's class path and if it doesn't find the template there it will use the default template that is part of the Struts 2 core jar. Since we've added a template folder to the application's web root, now when Struts 2 creates the HTML to display the checkboxlist tag it will use the template that is in the KUTheme folder (which tells it to use the `checkboxlist.ftl` file that is in the KUTheme_simple folder instead of the one in the `template.simple` folder that is part of the Struts 2 core Jar). After redeploying the application the check boxes for the Car Models Owned should appear like:  -#####Summary##### +__Summary__ -You can easily override the default theme used by Struts 2 to control the appearance and layout of a Struts 2 tag. Each Struts 2 tag has an associated template file (e.g. select.ftl) that is in a folder named after the theme (e.g. xhtml). By default the Struts framework will look in the Struts 2 core Jar file for the theme folder and templates. However, if you include your own theme folder (e.g. KUTheme) under webapp/template (or WebContent/template in the Ant version) and specify that folder name (e.g. KUTheme) as the value for the theme attribute, then the Struts 2 framework will look in that theme folder for the tag's template. +You can easily override the default theme used by Struts 2 to control the appearance and layout of a Struts 2 tag. Each Struts 2 tag has an associated template file (e.g. `select.ftl`) that is in a folder named after the theme (e.g. xhtml). By default the Struts framework will look in the Struts 2 core Jar file for the theme folder and templates. However, if you include your own theme folder (e.g. KUTheme) under webapp/template (or WebContent/template in the Ant version) and specify that folder name (e.g. KUTheme) as the value for the theme attribute, then the Struts 2 framework will look in that theme folder for the tag's template. -To learn more about how to use the Struts 2 themes and how you can override them, visit _Themes and Templates Documentation_ . +To learn more about how to use the Struts 2 themes and how you can override them, visit [Themes and Templates Documentation](//struts.apache.org/docs/themes-and-templates.html) .
