masahi commented on a change in pull request #8479:
URL: https://github.com/apache/tvm/pull/8479#discussion_r680322633



##########
File path: python/tvm/topi/cuda/scatter.py
##########
@@ -787,44 +791,94 @@ def gen_ir(data_ptr, indices_ptr, updates_ptr, out_ptr):
         for i in data_ptr.shape:
             fused_shape *= i
 
-        # For now we avoid parallizing over dimensions indexed by `indices` as
-        # there may be repeated indices and hadling parallel accumulation can
-        # be hard. So we parallelize over X_M .. X_{N-1} instead. This will
-        # work well when these dimensions are large enough to saturate memory
-        # bandwidth, but performance will be bad when these dimensions are
-        # small.
-        bx = te.thread_axis("blockIdx.x")
-        tx = te.thread_axis("threadIdx.x")
         max_threads = 
int(tvm.target.Target.current(allow_none=False).max_num_threads)
         tdim = min(max_threads, fused_updates_dimension)
-        ib.scope_attr(tx, "thread_extent", tdim)
-        bdim = ceil_div(fused_updates_dimension, tdim)
-        ib.scope_attr(bx, "thread_extent", bdim)
-
-        # Copy data into the output. This loop writes to the same portions of
-        # memory as the following loop, so we do not need a memory sync.
-        with ib.for_range(0, ceil_div(fused_shape, fused_updates_dimension), 
name="i") as i:
-            index = i * fused_updates_dimension + bx * tdim + tx
-            with ib.if_scope(bx * tdim + tx < fused_updates_dimension):
+
+        with ib.new_scope():
+            bdim = ceil_div(fused_shape, tdim)
+            bx = te.thread_axis("blockIdx.x")
+            tx = te.thread_axis("threadIdx.x")
+            ib.scope_attr(bx, "thread_extent", bdim)
+            ib.scope_attr(tx, "thread_extent", tdim)
+
+            index = bx * tdim + tx
+            with ib.if_scope(index < fused_shape):
                 out[index] = data[index]
 
-        with ib.for_range(0, fused_indices_dimension) as i:
-            j = bx * tdim + tx
-            with ib.if_scope(j < fused_updates_dimension):
-                offset = fused_updates_dimension
-                index = j  # This is x_M, .. x_{N-1} part of the index into 
out.
-                # Build up the indices[0, y_0, .. y_{K-1}], .. indices[M-1, 
y_0, .. y_{K-1}] part
-                # of the index into out.
-                for l in reversed(range(indices_ptr.shape[0].value)):
-                    # indices[i * l * fused_indices_dimension] = indices[l, 
y_0, ... y_{k-1}]
-                    index += offset * indices[i + l * fused_indices_dimension]
-                    offset *= data_ptr.shape[l]
-                if mode == "update":
-                    out[index] = updates[i * fused_updates_dimension + j]
-                elif mode == "add":
-                    out[index] += updates[i * fused_updates_dimension + j]
-                else:
-                    raise NotImplementedError("scatter_nd mode not in [update, 
add]:", mode)
+        # For better performance, we introduce blockIdx.y to implement 
for-loops
+        # within one thread.
+        # The code is parallel over the scattered indices, so we use atomic_add
+        # to guarantee correctness when mode=="add"
+
+        # For now, atomic is not supported by target "vulkan", "metal", or 
"cuda" with "int64"
+        # So we fallback to normal algorithm, using "+=" rather than atomic_add
+
+        # TODO (CaptainDuke):
+        # Since multiple threads compete for the same write index, which leads 
to
+        # non-determinstic output for update mode. We could add a new attribute
+        # "allow_non_deterministic" to scatter_nd op, which is False by 
default.
+        # And change ONNX frontend to emit scatter_op with 
allow_non_deterministic = True,
+        # which will allow the new code path for update mode as well
+        with ib.new_scope():
+            if (
+                mode == "update"
+                or cur_target_kind("vulkan")
+                or cur_target_kind("metal")
+                or (updates.dtype == "int64" and mode == "add")

Review comment:
       I think atomic is only supported for 32 bit. So float64 or int16 should 
also be catched here. Also since now you have `mode == "update` check above, 
there is no need to check `mode == "add"`.
   
   I suggest swapping then and else block and make the condition be:
   ```
   if mode == "add" and target not in ["vulkan", metal"] and updates.dtype not 
in ["int32", "float32"]:
      use atomic code path
   else
      ...
   ```




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