> On 10. Oct 2025, at 04:36, Laurence Lundblade <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> 
>> On Oct 9, 2025, at 12:46 PM, Phillip Hallam-Baker <[email protected]> 
>> wrote:
>> 
>> I wrote nested varints. Gmail overrode me.
>> 
>> The problem is that you can't DER encode an object in a single forward pass 
>> because you can't write the outermost object until its length is known and 
>> you don't know that till you have the lengths of the inner objects and so on.
> 
> Right. Same for CBOR deterministic encoding.
> 
> Certificates aren’t constructed in constrained environments.  The size of 
> certificates is microscopic compared to the memory sizes of computers, so 
> memory is not an issue. The extra code to do multiple passes isn’t much of a 
> problem either — I was able to do it efficiently in my CBOR encoder.

There are scenarios where certificates are constructed (do you mean „issued“), 
e.g. in the DICE environment 
(https://trustedcomputinggroup.org/work-groups/dice-architectures/). 

For the use / consumption of certificate in constrained devices, the memory 
size (both RAM and ROM) do matter, for some micro controllers, each byte counts.

> 
> I prefer CBOR to DER/ASN.1 because it is generally simpler.

The same here.
> 
> But this is going off the thread’s topic, so I won’t go on any further.
> 
> LL
> 

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