At 09:25 16/10/00 -0400, you wrote:
>Marxist ecological consciousness precedes the modern ecological movement.
>See the following excerpt from "The Part Played By Labour in the
>Transition from Ape to Man" by Frederick Engels. Since human production
>is always part of the context of Engels' thought, this passage also
>demonstrates that our discussions of use-value and exchange-value are
>relevant to ecology, contra complaints from some on this list.
>
>Charles Brown
>
>((((((((((
It's a fine passage.
According the footnotes in my copy, the crash he refers to was in Germany
in May 1873 and lasted well into the late 70's. This may be of interest to
Mark re the title of this list.
My understanding is that this was part of a general crisis of capitalism
which caused what used to be called "The Great Depression" over the whole
global capitalist economy for much of the last quarter of the 19th Century.
There were a number of causes but the opening up of the new farmlands in
the USA, Canada and Australia, with modern technology, caused a world-wide
cheapening of agricultural products.This lowered prices and affected
employment in most sectors. This was partly achieved by robbing virgin
territory of its use values, much in the way Engels describes of ancient
communities.
Subsequently the crash of the 1930's took over the title of the Great
Depression, but in duration the 19th century original was more extensive.
It illustrates that one outcome of a crash is that the world economy
settles down to a lower level of general under-employment and economic
activity for quite a long time.
That is quite compatible with the continued existence of capitalism.
Unfortunately.
Chris Burford
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