>In particular, Japan has not recovered from the
>collapse of "the bubble economy."  Japan's government has thus far failed
>in its attempts to create self-sustaining economic growth.  I have seen
>material in the London _Financial Times_ questioning whether the
>government can continue to employ economic stimulus packages in the face
>of the amount of debt it has taken on.

Obviously it can. Japanese interest rates are way lower than US ones and the 
dollar/yen rate is stable (for now). A good way to stimulate the economy would be 
to "print money" rather than accumulate more debt, BTW. 
Besides, is failure to create "economic growth" really such a bad thing? I mean, as 
long as it doesn't mean a deflationary spiral and huge unemployment (it seems it 
doesn't mean that in Japan currently).

>       Petroleum, as a non-renewable resource, faces long-term increases
>in production costs in that oil wells dry up.  The tendency is to try to
>exploit the "easy oil" first.

OK. I did not understand that you were making long-term comparisons.

>I must admit that I don't understand how high-cost producers
>can continue to exist in the face of competition from low-cost
>producers.  I suspect some customers are paying unnecessarily higher
>prices out of ignorance of options, or non-economic loyalty.  I know
>that governments can step in to support higher cost producers.

I don't know much about the specifics of the oil market, but the general rule is that 
(in 
free market conditions) high-cost producers survive as long as there is too few low-
cost producers to fulfill demand. The ability for the low-cost producers to sell their 
product at the same price as the high-cost producers is probably the main source 
of profit.

Julien


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