Dear all
Here is the homework of ISSUE .
Best,
Christian-Emil
The number of shortcuts has changed due to deprecation of properties and a few
new. The eventual change of E4 isa E92 to a property etc, will result in 4 new
shortcuts marked as red text below. One existing shortcut has to be redefined,
marked in read as well.
In the long discussion of formalizing shortcuts in FOL, the two terms strong
shortcut and weak shortcut were introduce. A shortcut is weak when the
existence of a long path implies an instance of the shortcut. In a graph the
instantiation of the long path should automatically introduce a triple for the
shortcut. It should be noted that there can be more than one instantiation of a
long path.
A strong shortcut is a weak shortcut where the instantiation of the shortcut
implies the existence of a long path. As long as the long path need not to be
unique, I think this is ok in FOL. However, this may contradict the open world
view ad also the timelessness of some properties like P1, P2. To make things
simple I have defined all shortcuts as weak shortcuts. That is, the long path
implies the short.
I have removed the “declaration” of class for intermediate nodes in the path
where these are implied from the propertydefintion:
P105(x,y) ⊂ [E30(z) ˄ P104(x,z) ˄ P75(y,z)] becomes P105(x,y) ⊂ [P104(x,z) ˄
P75(y,z)]
since P104(x,z) ⊃ E30(z) and also P75(y,z) ⊃ E30(z).
The CRMbase document has no FOL description of the shortcuts. In 2015 when we
started this work the intension was to add a line to those properties that are
shortcuts, e.g.
In First Order Logic:
P105(x,y) ⊃ E72(x)
P105(x,y) ⊃ E39(y)
Shortcut: P105(x,y) ⊂ [ P104(x,z) ˄ P75(y,z)]
To add this is pure editorial work, the sig should just decide yes or no.
1. P1 is identified by (identifies), is a shortcut for the path from ‘E1
CRM Entity’ through ‘P140i was attributed by’, ‘E15 Identifier Assignment’,
‘P37 assigned’,‘E42 Identifier’, ‘P139 has alternative form’ to ‘E41
Appellation’.
P1(x,y) ⊂ [P140(z.x) ˄ P141(z,y)]
2. P2: Type assignment events allow a more detailed path from ‘E1 CRM
Entity’ through ‘P41i was classified by’, ‘E17 Type Assignment’, ‘P42
assigned’, to ‘E55 Type’ for assigning types to objects compared to the
shortcut offered by P2 has type (is type of).
P2(x,y) ⊂ )[ P41(z.x) ˄ P42(z,y)]
3. [P7 took place at (witnessed)] It is a shortcut of the more fully
developed path from E4 Period through P161 has spatial projection, E53 Place,
P89 falls within to E53 Place. E4 Period is a subclass of E92 Spacetime
Volume. By the definition of P161 has spatial projection an instance of E4
Period takes place on all its spatial projections, that is, instances of E53
Place. Something happening at a given place can also be considered to happen at
a larger place containing the first. For example, the assault on the Bastille
July 14th 1789 took place in the area covered by Paris in 1789 but also in the
area covered by France in 1789.
P7(x,y) ⊂ [E4(x) ˄ P161(x,z) ˄ P89(z,y)]
P7(x,y) ⊂ [Pyyy(x,w) ˄ P161(w,z) ˄ P89(z,y)]
4. P8 took place on or within (witnessed) is a shortcut of the more fully
developed path from ‘E4 Period’ through ‘P7 took place at’, ‘E53 Place’, ‘P156i
is occupied by’, to ‘E18 Physical Thing’
P8(x,y) ⊂ [P7(x,z) ˄ P156(y,z)]
5. [P9 consists of (forms part of)] This property associates an instance
of E4 Period with another instance of E4 Period that is defined by a subset of
the phenomena that define the former. Therefore the spacetime volume of the
latter must fall within the spacetime volume of the former.P9 consists of
(forms part of) shortcut of long path via E92 STV
P9(x,y) ⊂ [Pyyy(x,z) ˄ P132(z,w) ˄ Pyyy(y,w) ]
6. P43: It is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from ‘E70
Thing’ through ‘P39 measured’, ‘E16 Measurement’, ‘P40 observed dimension’, to
‘E54 Dimension’. It offers no information about how and when an E54 Dimension
was established, nor by whom.
P43(x,y) ⊂ [P39(z,x) ˄ P40(z,y)]
7. P44: It is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from ‘E18
Physical Thing’ through ‘P34 concerned’, ‘E14 Condition Assessment’, ‘P35 has
identified’, to ‘E3 Condition State’. It offers no information about how and
when the E3 Condition State was established, nor by whom.
P44(x,y) ⊂ [P34(z,x) ˄ P35(z,y)]
8. P46 is composed of (forms part of) shortcut via E92 Spacetime Volume
P46(x,y) ⊂ [E92(z) ˄ P92(w) ˄ Pxxx(x,z) ˄ P132(z,w) ˄ Pxxx(y,w)]
9. P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of) is a
shortcut for the more detailed path from ‘E18 Physical Thing’ through ‘P30
transferred custody of’, ‘E10 Transfer of Custody’, ‘P28 custody surrendered
by’ or ‘P29 custody received by’ to ‘ E39 Actor’.
P49(x,y) ⊂ [P30(z,x) ˄ [P28(z,y) ˅ P29(z,y) ]]
10. P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of) is a shortcut for the more
detailed path from ‘E18 Physical Thing’ through, ‘P30i custody transferred
through’, ‘E10 Transfer of Custody’, ‘P29 custody received by’ ,to ‘E39 Actor’.
P50(x,y) ⊂ [P30(z,x) ˄ P29(z,y)]
11. P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of) is a
shortcut for the more detailed path from ‘E18 Physical Thing’ through ‘P24i
changed ownership through’, ‘E8 Acquisition’, ‘P23 transferred title from’, or
‘P22 transferred title to’,to ‘E39 Actor.’
P51(x,y) ⊂ [P24(z,x) ˄ [P23(z,y) ˅ P22(z,y) ]]
12. P52 has current owner (is current owner of) is a shortcut for the more
detailed path from ‘E18 Physical Thing through’, ‘P24i changed ownership
through, ‘E8 Acquisition’, ‘P22 transferred title to’, to ‘E39 Actor’, if and
only if this acquisition event is the most recent.
P52(x,y) ⊂ [P24(z,x) ˄ P22(z,y) ]
13. P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of) is
a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed
(i.e. indirect) path from ‘E19 Physical Object’, though, ‘P25i moved by’, ‘E9
Move’, ‘P26 moved to’ or ‘P27 moved from’, to ‘ E53 Place’.
P53(x,y) ⊂ [P25(z,x) ˄ [P26(z,y) ˅ P27(z,y) ]]
14. P55 has current location (currently holds) is a shortcut. A more detailed
representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from
‘E19 Physical Object’,through, ‘P25i moved by’, ‘E9 Move’, ‘P26 moved to’, to,
‘E53 Place’if and only if this Move is the most recent
P55(x,y) ⊂ [P25(z,x) ˄ P26(z,y)]
15. P56 bears feature (is found on) is a shortcut. A more detailed
representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path ‘E19
Physical Object’,through, ‘P59 has section’, ‘E53 Place’, ‘P53i is former or
current location of’, to, ‘E26 Physical Feature’.
P56(x,y) ⊂ [P59(x,z) ˄ P53(y,z)]
16. [P62 depicts (is depicted by)]This property is a shortcut of the more
fully developed path from E24 Physical Human-Made Thing through P65 shows
visual item, E36 Visual Item, P138 represents, E1CRM Entity. P138.1 mode of
representation “depiction” allows the nature of the depiction to be refined.
P62(x,y) ⊂ [P65(x,z) ˄ P138(z,y)]
17. P105 right held by (has right on) is a shortcut of the fully developed
path E72 Legal Object,P104 is subject to, E30 Right, P75i is possessed by, E39
Actor.
P105(x,y) ⊂ [P104(x,z) ˄ P75(y,z)]
18. [P107 has current or former member (is current or former member of)] This
property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path E74 Group, P144i gained
member by, E85 Joining, P143 joined , E39 Actor
P107(x,y) ⊂ [P107(x,y) ˄ E55(z)]
19. [P152 has parent (is parent of)] This property is, among others, a
shortcut of the fully developed paths from ‘E21Person’ through ‘P98i was born’,
‘E67 Birth’, ‘P96 by mother’ to ‘E21 Person’, and from ‘E21Person’ through
‘P98i was born’, ‘E67 Birth’, ‘P97 from father’ to ‘E21 Person’.
P152(x,y) ⊂ [E67(z) ˄ [P98(z,x) ˄ P96(z,y) ˅ P98(z,x) ˄ P97(z,y)]]
20. P156 occupies is a shortcut via E92 Spacetime Volume
P156(x,y) ⊂ [Pxxx(x,z) ˄ P161(z,y)]
21. P164 during (was time-span of) shortcut via E92 Spacetime Volume
P164(x,y) ⊂ [Pyyy(x,z) ˄ P161(z,w)]
22. [P167 at (was place of) ] It is a shortcut of the more fully developed
path from E93 Presence through P161 has spatial projection, E53 Place, P89
falls within (contains) to E53 Place.
P167(x,y) ⊂ [E93(x) ˄ P161(x,z) ˄ P89(z,y)]
23. P171 at some place within is a shortcut of the fully developed path E53
Place, P89 falls within, E53 Place, P168 place is defined by, E94 Space
Primitive through a not represented declarative Place as defined in CRMgeo
(Doerr and Hiebel 2013) to a Space Primitive
P171(x,y) ⊂ [P89(x,z) ˄ P168(z,y)]
24. [P172 contains] This property is a shortcut of the fully developed path:
E53 Place, P89i contains, E53 Place, P168 place is defined by, E94 Space
Primitive
P172(x,y) ⊂ [P89(z,x) ˄ P168(z,y)]
