Aha, I have discovered my mistake: I did not see step 11 of the procedure:

11. Set the leftmost 8emLen – emBits bits of the leftmost octet in maskedDB to zero. (page 36)

As a result of this step, OS2IP(EM) < 2^emBits < n < 2^modBits and so the signature works. Sorry for the false alarm!
--
  __
\/ o\ Paul Crowley, [email protected]
/\__/ http://www.ciphergoth.org/

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