-Caveat Lector-
suffered as a result is obvious. Some suffered more than others. The
rich suffered least. Few were surprised. That is the way of suffering,
war or peace. The Poles, the French, the Belgians, the Dutch, the Serbs,
et. al., and especially the Russians certainly suffered while they were
losing. Then the tide turned. This is the way of war. Tides turn.
Winning now is no guarantee against losing later. Somebody always loses
eventually. Civilians start losing on day one.
The Wehrmacht lost the war. The Luftwaffe lost the war. The civilians
lost the war. The Nazis, however, did not lose the war. The Nazis got
away. It is true that a tiny minority of individual Nazis lost the war.
Goebbels, Goering, Kaltenbrunner, and the man claiming to be Hess lost the
war. Perhaps it is even true that Hitler and Himmler lost the war as
well, though forensic evidence to the effect is notably scant.
The Nazi Party and the S.S., as organizations, got away intact. They got
away with the money, the Reichsbank treasury, $15,000,000,000 in 1945
money. This included the tooth gold. Guinness calls it the world's
largest unsolved robbery. Then there was all the stolen art, pieces of
which, to this day, occasionally surface. The Nazis did very well in the
war, from a business viewpoint. War is a business. It is fought for
material gain. The Nazis gained materially, and lived to spend it; thus,
they won the war. They did not win as much as they wanted to win, but who
does? They did win a great deal. What they lost was territory. What
they gained was treasure, new friends, and experience.
The treasure included a couple of U-boats full of bearer bonds, numbered
stock shares and patent certificates.
This represented:
***
" . . . the hard core of Nazi wealth in Latin America. In 1944 a great
treasure had been sent secretly across the Atlantic, the famous 'Bormann
treasure.' Toward the end of 1943, Bormann gave orders for <Aktion
Fuerland >-- "Operation Land of Fire" -- to begin. This operation
involved the transport from Germany to Argentina of several tons of gold,
some securities, shares, and works of art . . .
. . . Several U-boats arrived in Argentine waters after the capitulation
of Germany. They were the carriers of bundles of documents, industrial
patents, and securities. On July 10, 1945, the U-530 surfaced at the
mouth of the River Platte and entered the port of La Plata. The following
month, on August 17, the U-977 also arrived at La Plata. In accordance
with international conventions, both U-boats were interned by Argentina
and later handed over to the United States authorities."
-- <The Avengers> by Michael
Bar-Zohar, Hawthorn Books,
1967, p 101
***
To the surprise of few, they were found to be empty of treasure.
***
"Two more U-boats, according to reliable sources, appeared off an
uninhabited stretch of the coast of Patagonia between July 23, and 29,
1945."
-- <Ibid.>, p. 101
***
In occupied Germany one could neither vote with these shares nor could one
collect interest, dividends, nor royalties. When (West) Germany again
"took its place among the nations of the World" in 1955, the Bundestag
immediately changed all this. The holders of these once worthless scraps
of paper suddenly, once again, possessed incredibly wealth.
Consider the case of I.G. Farben:
David M. Nichol, of the <Chicago Daily News > Foreign Service, writing in
1947, observed:
***
"The trial of I.G. Farben's leading officials for war crimes is like
Topsy. It just 'growed.' It is still growing.
Some of the more starry-eyed in Nuernberg and throughout the world would
like to see it as a crusade against "monopoly" and "big business."
Others, including Farben's 24 crotchety and dyspeptic executives in the
dock, believe it is purely persecution. . . .
. . . No trial at all was planned in the beginning. . . .
. . . Investigating teams were interested in German finances, as such, in
the possible sources of reparations for Nazi damages to other countries,
and in tracing as much as possible of the loot that the Germans had
concealed outside their borders.
Not the least of their interests was Farben's huge headquarters building
in Frankfurt. Almost undamaged by bombs and fighting, it has served as
the administration center for American occupation forces ever since. . . .
. . . German Army headquarters had ordered Farben's records destroyed.
Many of them were. One official has compiled from memory a list of the
most important ones he burned. It runs 14 pages of single space typing. .
. .
. . . A handful of officials, were held for detailed but routine
questioning. . . . One of them in particular, 63-year-old Georg von
Schnitzler, one time head of Farben's entire sales organization . . .
began to 'talk.' From Farben's standpoint, the damage was done. . . .
. . . Justice Robert W. Jackson, United States prosecutor for the
original Nuernberg trial against Goering and his mates felt industry was
heavily involved in the crime with which the Nazi leaders were charged.
He proposed at first to include one Farben official among the defendants.
But the case against Farben was so complex in itself that it might have
overshadowed the more general charges. Gustav Krupp Von Bohlen und
Halfbach, Germany's gun maker for a half century was indicted instead.
But the aging Krupp upset the plans by taking so seriously ill that he
could not be tried. An unsuccessful move was made to substitute his son.
In the end, big business went unrepresented before the international
tribunal, except indirectly through Hitler's financial wizard, Hjalmar
Schacht. And Schacht was acquitted. . . .
. . . Meantime, the Farben officials themselves can't believe it has
happened. They've been accustomed too long to dictating -- even to the
Nazis. . . .
. . . Their American friends haven't come so far, except by mail. Letters
are delivered in prison, but they go through regular censorship channels.
In an effort to avoid this, some had been sent to prison officials through
APO numbers, but these have been returned."
-- <Oakland Tribune>, 11/2/47
***
I.G. Farben was broken up (on paper) into
***
" . . . nine companies: the Big Three (Bayer, BASF, Hoechst) and nine
smaller firms, including Agfa, Kalle, Casella, and Huels. Those in Allied
countries who demanded the dissolution of I.G. 'as one means of ensuring
world peace' were bitterly disappointed."
-- <The Crime and Punishment
of I.G. Farben> by
Joseph Borkin, The Free
Press, A Division of
Macmillan Publishing
Co., Inc.1978, p 160
***
When these firms, still owned and controlled by the same families,
organizations and in many cases the same individuals, are considered as a
whole, I.G. Farben is bigger and more powerful than ever.
***
"Corporate camouflage, the art of concealing foreign properties from enemy
governments, has a special place in the history of I.G. Farben. Unlike
I.G.'s involvement in mass murder and slave labor, which was a wartime
aberration, I.G.'s program of camouflage long predated and outlived the
war. Its political effects will persist for years to come."
-- <Ibid>, p 164
***
In German they call this <Tarnung>, the magic hood that renders its wearer
invisible. Camouflage really does work. It's still working.
Consider the case of party member Hermann Schmitz, who became the chairman
of Farben's managing board in 1935.
***
"It is a good bet that if Hermann Schmitz were alive today he would bear
witness as to who really won. Schmitz died contented, having witnessed
the resurgence of I.G. Farben, albeit in altered corporate forms, a money
machine that continues to generate profits for all the old I.G.
shareholders and enormous international power for the German cadre
directing the workings of the successor firms. To all appearances he died
in relatively reduced circumstances, in 1960, at the age of seventy-nine,
though immensely wealthy during his lifetime. Any information about his
fortune seemingly vanished with his death; but those who knew him believe
it still exists. He was the master manipulator, the corporate and
financial wizard, the magician who could make money appear and disappear,
and reappear again.
. . . Schmitz's wealth -- largely I.G. Farben bearer bonds converted to
the Big Three successor firms, shares in Standard Oil of New Jersey (equal
to those held by the Rockefellers), General Motors, and other U.S. blue
chip industrial stocks, and the 700 secret companies controlled in his
time by I.G., as well as shares in the 750 corporations he helped Bormann
establish during the last year of World War II -- has increased in all
segments of the modern industrial world. The Bormann organization in
South America utilizes the voting power of the Schmitz trust along with
their own assets to guide the multinationals they control, as they keep
steady the economic course of the Fatherland.
. . . the resurgence of West Germany was due to hard work by its people,
assistance from the Marshall Plan, an infusion of buying orders from the
United States military establishment during the Korean War, and a(n) . . .
economic policy that enabled business and industry to wheel and deal in
world markets and come up with profits . . . Allowing business to have its
head was, to go back, the formula adopted by Hitler during the 1930s; he
harnessed the people instead of nationalizing industry. . . ."
-- <Martin Bormann, Nazi in Exile> by Paul
Manning, Lyle Stuart, 1981, pp 280-281
***
It is also true that the resurgence of West Germany was financed in part
by Nazi blood money, some of it looted with pliers from the mouths of its
rightful owners.
It is easy and profitable to blame a dead, "crazy" man for one's mistakes
and crimes. Consider, for example, the enormous mileage the contras and
their friends got out of CIA chief Bill Casey's convenient demise. Hitler
has assumed mythic proportions since his death. In life, he was mainly a
front man, a mouthpiece, a lightning rod, and above all, the Nazi's "great
communicator." While the masses worshipped him like a god, his friends
plotted behind his back, used him as a cat's paw and scapegoat, and
(perhaps) cynically sacrificed him to save their own skins and fortune.
Hitler had cleverly parlayed his position as figure head into control over
the military by rewording the soldiers oath. However, military power has
always been subordinate to economic power, if for no other reason than
because lead cannot be mined with bayonets. The purse strings of the Nazi
Party were controlled by Bormann, and Bormann got away. So did the purse.
***
" . . . the alleged Bormann skull is that of a grisly stand-in a
substitute . . .
. . . Substituting one body for another has been a ploy much used by
General Heinrich Mueller of the Gestapo. It was he who coordinated the
details of Bormann's disappearance."
-- <Ibid>
***
When Mueller's grave was exhumed by court order in 1963, the grave held
three skeletons, none of which even remotely resembled Mueller's short
stature and high forehead.
***
" . . . it was Mr. Brandt and his government that provided Martin Bormann
with what amounted to a 'passport to freedom' in 1973 by stating that the
former Hitler aide had perished in Berlin in 1945."
-- <Ibid > p 227
***
Bormann had help from his friends. Consider, if you will, Herman Abs:
***
"While Germany's bankers were collectively responsible for the financing
of Hitler's war effort, the dean of them all is Herman Josef Abs. Money
was his life, and his astuteness in banking and international financial
manipulations enabled Deutsche Bank to serve as leader in fueling the
ambitions and accomplishments of Adolf Hitler and Martin Bormann. His
dominance was retained when the Federal Republic of Germany picked itself
up from the ashes; he was still there as chairman of Deutsche Bank,
director of I.G Farben, and of such others as Daimler-Benz and the giant
electrical conglomerate, Siemans. Abs became a financial advisor to the
first West German chancellor, Konrad Adenauer, and was a welcome visitor
in the Federal Chancellery under Mr. Adenauer's successors, Ludwig Erhard
and Kurt George Keisinger . . .
. . . (Bormann's) friendship with Dr. Herman Josef Abs predated Abs's move
into the management of Deutsche Bank. Dr. Abs had been a partner in the
prestigious private bank of Delbruck, Schickler & Co. in Berlin.
Recalling those days, Abs has written:
'The Reich Chancellery in Berlin was its largest account, and it was
through this account that Adolf Hitler received his salary as Chancellor
of the Reich.'
. . . Reichsleiter Bormann knew that his relationship with Abs would
tighten as his own power grew . . . He knew in 1943 that with his Nazi
banking committee well established, he had the means to . . . set new Nazi
state policy when the time was ripe for the general transfer of capital,
gold, stocks, and bearer bonds to safety in neutral nations."
-- <Ibid>, p 87
***
History has largely ignored bankers in favor of other subjects. History,
and those who write it (and their masters) apparently want us to think
polititions and generals are more important to the state. Bankers, of
course, feel differently. They tend, and not with out reason, to be as
furtive a lot as possible. While we are cheering the polititions and
saluting the generals, we are not noticing the bankers, who are picking
our pockets. This suits the bankers' ends, thus history slants their
relative importance.
***
"Baron Kurt von Schroeder, a well-known banker . . . and economic advisor
to Bormann's economic committee, commented that Dr. Herman Josef Abs,
chairman of Deutsche Bank, was particularly important to the government of
the Third Reich.
'His influence was mainly with the Reichsbank and with the Ministry of
Economics. Abs proved very valuable to the party and to the government by
using his bank to assist the government in doing business in the occupied
countries and other foreign countries. Abs enjoyed excellent relations
with Walther Funk, who was both president of the Reichsbank and head of
the Ministry of Economics . . .
. . . Branch managers of Deutsche Bank were to a man members of the party
. . ."
-- <Ibid>, p 69
***
This is the same Hermann Abs who was chosen by Pope John Paul II to
oversee the reorganization of the Vatican Bank when it was caught
red-handed laundering counterfeit securities and heroin profits for the
Gambino crime family. It is worth noting that in his youth J.P. II was,
according to the official version, once a slave laborer for I.G. Solvay, a
Farben subsidiary specializing primarily in pharmaceuticals. He is
supposed to have labored in the Solvay quarries near Auschwitz. It's a
rare slave indeed who becomes pope at all, let alone then hires his former
master to keep track of his money. Wonders truly never cease.
It is equally worthy of note that despite the name, dyes alone were not
the source of the wealth upon which I.G. Farben was founded.
Pharmaceuticals played a major rule.
***
"In 1898 . . . the Bayer Company . . . began mass production of
diacetylmorphine and coined the trade name heroin to market the new remedy
. . . Bayer described heroin as a nonaddictive panacea for adult ailments
and infant respiratory diseases. . .
. . . During the late nineteenth century, the same manufacture also
promoted another narcotic, cocaine."
-- <The Politics of Heroin in South
East Asia> by Alfred McCoy,
Lawrence Hill Books, 1972,
p 5-6
***
If one overlooks its narrow threshold to LD50 range, its price, and its
addictive properties, heroin does indeed make a dandy cough remedy. It is
the only known cure for the common cold. In the long run, though, you're
better off with the cold. Cocaine is totally useless.
***
"In October 1978 the Marshall Foundation was utilized as a platform for
Dr. Herman J. Abs, now honorary president of Deutsche Bank A.G. as he
addressed a meeting of businessmen and Bankers and members of the Foreign
Policy Association in New York City on the 'Problems and Prospects of
American-German Economic Co-operation.' This luncheon was chaired by his
old friend, John J. McCloy, Wall Street banker and lawyer, who had worked
closely with Dr. Abs when McCloy served as U.S. High Commissioner for
Germany during those postwar reconstruction years. At that time, Hermann
Abs, as chief executive of Deutsche Bank was also directing the spending
of America's Marshall Plan money in West Germany as the chairman of the
Reconstruction Loan Corporation of the Federal Republic of Germany."
-- Manning, p 261
***
This is the same McCloy who designed the Pentagon building and served on
the Warren Commission. While Under-Secretary of War, he had forbidden
bombing of the rail lines to Auschwitz on the grounds that it might
provoke retaliation against the Jews. One cannot but wonder what he had
in mind.
Auschwitz was intended, first and foremost, to be synthetic rubber and
synthetic fuel factory complex. The more well known dead Jews were to be
merely a by-product. Abs had arranged the financing of its construction.
In charge of synthetic rubber production was Otto Ambros, who also
developed the root technology on which magnetic data storage is based. He
was convicted of 25,000 counts of slavery and mass murder, and was
sentenced to eight years in prison. ( ! ) After three and a half years,
McCloy freed him. The head of the W.R. Grace & Co., J. Peter Grace (a
Knight of Malta) hired Ambros as a research chemist and petitioned
Congress to allow his emigration to the United States. This is the same
J. Peter Grace who President Reagon appointed to head the so-called
"Grace Commission" to make the United States government more "efficient."
***
"Grace: 'I admire Ambros's integrity.'"
-- Esquire 12/19/78
***
(cont.)
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