-Caveat Lector-
an excerpt from:
America's Secret Establishment
An introduction to The Order of Skull & Bones
by ANTONY C. SUTTON
Liberty House Press
2027 Iris
Billings, Montana 59102
1986
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Highly recommended. There is more in this book than can be presented here.
Many charts and reproductions of orginal source material. As always, Caveat
Lector.
In stock at: A-albionic Research, PO Box 20273, Ferndale, MI 48220-0273
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Lloyd Miller, Research Director)
Om
K
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Memorandum Number Five:
The Baltimore Scheme
While G. Stanley Hall was in Leipzig working under Wilhelm Wundt,
the revolutionary trio Gilman-Dwight-White were moving events back
home - and The Order ran into its first organized opposition.
The protesting "neutrals" at Yale had no hope of winning. Even
under independent President Noah Porter in the 1870s. The Order had
Yale University under its control. But while Yale students were watch-
ing, protesting and writing bad verse, Daniel Gilman ran into opposition
3000 miles away - and if the leaders of this counter revolution had
known the story we are recounting here, they might just have stopped
The Order dead in its tracks.
In 1867 Daniel Gilman received an offer as President of the Uni-
versity of Wisconsin. This he declined. In 1872 Gilman was offered the
Presidency of the newly established University of California. This offer
he accepted.
In California Gilman found a political hornets' nest. For some years
there had been increasing popular concern about the railroad
monopolies, government subsidies to railroads and - oddly enough-
the Morrill Bill which gave federal land grants to agricultural and scien-
tific colleges. The reader will recall that in Connecticut and New York,
The Order had grabbed the total state's share for Yale and Cornell
respectively. Californians believed that the University of California, a
land grant college, should teach agriculture and science. whereas
Gilman had different ideas. Unrest over corruption, including corrup-
tion among University of California Regents and the railroads (in which
members of The Order had widespread interests), led to formation .
new California political party.
In 1873 the party was known as the Patrons of Husbandry or the
Grangers. Then members of the Republican Party broke away and
joined with the Grangers to form the Peoples Independent Party
(known also as the Dolly Varden Party). They won a decisive victory in
the 1873 California elections and following investigations by the
Grangers, a petition was sent to the Legislature concerning operations
of the University of California under Daniel Gilman.
At that time Henry George was editor of the San Francisco Daily
Evening Post and George used his considerable journalistic skills to at-
tack the University, the Regents, Gilman. and the land grants. Although
Henry George is known as a socialist, we classify him as an independent
socialist, not part of the Hegelian right-left spectrum. His main target
was land monopoly, whereas the "scientific" Hegelian socialism of Karl
Marx is geared to establishing monopolies of all kinds under state con-
trol, following the Hegelian theory of the supremacy of the State.
This populist furor scared Gilman, as he freely admits:
". . . there are dangers here which I could not foresee. . . . This
year the dangers have been averted but who can rely what will
happen two years hence? I feel that we are building a superior
structure but it rests over a powder mill which may blow it up any
day. All these conditions fill me with perplexity."
Reading between the lines. Daniel Gilman was not too anxious to
face the populist west. He needed a more stable base where prying journ-
nalists and independent politicians could be headed off. And this base
presented itself in the "Baltimore scheme".
Daniel Gilman Becomes President Of Johns Hopkins
Johns Hopkins, a wealthy Baltimore merchant. left his fortune to
establish a University for graduate education (the first in the United
States along German lines) and a medical school.
Hopkins trustees were all friends who lived in Baltimore. How then
did they come to select Daniel Coit Gilman as President of the new
University?
In 1874 the trustees invited three university presidents to come to
Baltimore and advise on the choice of a President. These were Charles
W. Eliot of Harvard, Andrew Dickson White of Cornell, and James B.
Angeli of Michigan. Only Andrew Dickson White was in The Order.
After meeting independently with each of these presidents, half a dozen
of the trustees toured several American Universities in search of further
information - and Andrew D. White accompanied the tour. The result
was. in the words of James Angeli:
"And now I have this remarkable statement to make to you, that
without the least conference between us three, we all wrote letters
telling them that the one man was Daniel C. Gilman of
California,"[1][1] John C. French. A HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY FOUNDED BY
JOHNS HOPKINS (TheJohns Hopkins Press, Baltimore. 1946), p 26
The truth is that Gilman not only knew what was going on in
Baltimore. but was in communication with Andrew White on the
"Baltimore scheme," as they called it.
In a letter dated April 5, 1874, Gilman wrote as follows to Andrew D.
White :
"I could not conclude on any new proposition without conferring
upon it with some of my family friends, and I have not felt at liber-
ty to do so. I confess that the *Baltimore* (italics in original)
scheme has ofttimes suggested itself to me. but I have no personal
relations in that quarter."[2][2] LIFE OF DANIEL COIT GILMAN, p 157
Here's the interesting point: the board appointed by Johns Hopkins
to found a university did not even meet to adopt its by-laws and appoint
committees until four weeks before this letter i.e.. March 7, 1874. Yet
Gilman tells us "the Baltimore scheme has ofttimes suggested itself to
me . . ."
In brief: Gilman knew what was happening over in Baltimore
BEFORE HIS NAME HAD BEEN PRESENTED TO THE TRUSTEES!
Gilman became first President of Johns Hopkins University and
quickly set to work.
Johns Hopkins had willed substantial amounts for both a University
and a medical school. Dr. William H. Welch ('70), a fellow member of
The Order, was brought in by Gilman to head up the Hopkins medical
school. (Welch was President of the Board of Directors of the
Rockefeller Institute of Medical Research for almost 25 years,
1910-1934. This we shall expand upon later in the series when we ex-
amine how The Order came to control medicine). For the moment let's
return to G. Stanley Hall who was in Leipzig while Johns Hopkins was
acquiring its new President.
Gilman Starts The Revolution in American Education
When he returned to the United States Hall was feeling pretty low:
"I came home, again in the depths because of debt and with no
prospects, took a small flat on the edge of Somerville, where my
two children were born, and waited, hoped and worked. One
Wednesday morning President Eliot (of Harvard University) rode
up to the house, rapped on the door without dismounting from
his horse and asked me to begin Saturday of that week a course of
lectures on education . . ."
As Hall recounts it, he had a "very impressive audience" for these lec-
tures. Sometime later,
"In 1881 I was surprised and delighted to receive an invitation
from the Johns Hopkins University, then the cynosure of all aspir-
ing young professors, to deliver a course of twelve semi-public lec-
tures on psychology."
At the end of the lecture series, Gilman offered Hall the chair of Prof-
fessor of Psychology and Pedagogy. This puzzled Hall because other at
Johns Hopkins were "older and abler" than himself and
"Why the appointment for which all of them had been considered
fell to me I was never able to understand unless it was because my
standpoint was thought to be a little more accordant with the
ideals which then prevailed there."
Hall was given a psychological laboratory, a thousand dollars a year for
equipment and, with the encouragement of Gilman, founded The
American Journal Of Psychology.
And what did Hall teach? Again in his own words:
"The psychology I taught was almost entirely experimental and
covered for the most part the material that Wundt had set forth in
the later and larger edition of Physiological Psychology. "
The rest is known. The chart demonstrates how doctoral students
from Wundt and Hall fanned out through the United States, established
departments of psychology and education by the score; 1117
psychological laboratories just in the period up to 1930. Prominent
among these students were John Dewey, J.M. Cattell and E.L. Thorn-
dike - all part of the founding of Columbia Teachers' College and
Chicago's School of Education - the two sources of modern American
education.
Their activities can be measured by the number of doctorates in
educational psychology and experimental psychology granted in the
period up to 1948. The following list includes psychologists with training
in Germany under Wilhelm Wundt before 1900, and the number of
doctorates they in turn awarded up to 1948:
American Students of Number of Doctorates
Wundt Teaching at U.S. They Awarded up to
Universities Career At 1948
G Stanley Hall Johns Hopkins and 149 doctorates
Clark University
J. McKeen Cattell Columbia University 344 doctorates
E.W. Scripture Yale University 1313 doctorates
E.B. Titchener Cornell University 112 doctorates
H. Gale Minnesota University 123 doctorates
G.T.W. Patrick Iowa University 269 doctorates
C. H. Judd University of Chicago 196 doctorates
0f these only E.B. Titchener at Cornell could be called a critic of the
Wundt school of experimental psychology. The rest followed the party
line: an amalgamation of Hegelian philosophy and Wundtian animal
psychology.
So from the seed sown by Daniel Coit Gilman at Johns Hopkins grew
the vast network of interlocking schools of education and departments
of psychology that dominates education today.
pps 88-91
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Aloha, He'Ping,
Om, Shalom, Salaam.
Em Hotep, Peace Be,
Omnia Bona Bonis,
All My Relations.
Adieu, Adios, Aloha.
Amen.
Roads End
Kris
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