-Caveat Lector- from: http://www.cchr.org/ect/eng/page16.htm <A HREF="http://www.cchr.org/ect/eng/page16.htm">Captive Brains - Psychiatry Destroys Minds: Inf </A> ----- Captive Brains - Psychiatry Destroys Minds: 1950s-60s: Psychiatrists carried out mind control experiments for the CIA using electroshock. Similar mind control experiments were performed in other countries, including the UK, Germany, Denmark and Canada. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) document of December 1951 talks about the use of subconvulsive electroshock as having the effect of �making a man talk.� An unnamed psychiatrist quoted in the CIA document stated that the lower setting of the same model machine Alexander used in his experiments �produced in the individual excruciating pain and that the individual would be quite willing to give information if threatened with the use of this machine.� He stated that this was a �third degree� method.44 Was this Alexander working with the CIA using information taken from the concentration camps? This same CIA document (3 December 1951) states: �... [blacked out name] is... an authority on electric shock. He is a professor at the [blacked out] and, in addition, is a psychiatrist of considerable note.... [He] is, in addition, a fully cleared Agency consultant.�45 In the same document, the unnamed psychiatrist tells the CIA that a person �can be reduced to the vegetable level� through the use of electroshock. The document further states: �... [T]he standard electric-shock machine could be used in two ways. One setting... produced the normal electric shock treatment (with convulsion) with amnesia after a number of treatments.... [T]he other or lower setting of the machine produced a different type of shock... when it was applied without convulsion, it had the effect of making a man talk....� Other CIA documents contain perhaps the most macabre secret of all � why ECT was preserved and that Alexander was possibly the purveyor of the Nazi Intelligence techniques of mind control brought to America. An accompanying document from the CIA MK-ULTRA [code name] file mentions a planned assassination experiment to be done �on a prominent ... [blacked out] politician or if necessary against an American official.�46 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The psychiatrists working on this phase of mind control did not find it immoral to kill foreign officials or even members of our own government! Alexander had theorized in one of his earlier papers that with a certain amount of force one could push a person into the subterranean levels of the unconscious mind where one could manipulate the most base purposes of man.47 Another CIA document further exposes the use of these psychiatric techniques. �Can an individual of [blacked out] descent be made to perform an act of attempted assassination involuntarily under the influence of ARTICHOKE?� [code name]48 A document of the CIA�s, dated 1 September 1954, states: �1. ARTICHOKE of [blacked out] completed with high degree of success of three [blacked out] cases on which team worked application of technique to [blacked out] the most successful.� 49 We are faced today with this legacy of horror. Where would we be if Alexander had been less protective of his profession�s Nazi criminals? Would electroshock be so prevalent if the practice had been stopped at its inception in Germany? The apologists of Nazi psychiatric practices are still alive today promoting ECT. In a 1995 paper, Dr. Rainer Tolle, the director of a psychiatric clinic in Munster, Germany, argued that the mechanism for how ECT �works� is still not clear and that the risk of death from ECT is �significantly smaller than the risks of childbirth.�50 This is the same psychiatrist who stood at the grave of Nazi psychiatrist, Friedrich Mauz, in 1979, excusing Mauz�s involvement in the �T4� (the administrative hierarchy of the extermination program) as having �left a stain on his record.�51 In 1995, when a campaign to have electroshock banned began having an impact in Germany, the president of the Society of Psychiatrists and Neurologists, Professor W. Gaebel, called on the Ministry of Justice to curb the practices of the group calling for the ban. That psychiatrists will go to such lengths to protect electroshock and gag its critics only fuels questions about the real motives behind their using it. Alexander did not want exposure of the Nazi psychiatric experiments because the �public mistrust� of psychiatry that would ensue would be a �tragedy.�52 With even greater arrogance, he railed against legislative measures taken in the 1970s that limited the number of electroshocks to be administered to any one patient. �Should we submit to the capriciousness of temporary-temporal political laws, or stick to our immutable laws of medical ethics? It is my firm belief that the latter outranks the former, as Divine law outranks government law, a fact unanimously established by the N�remberg War Crimes Court,� Alexander stated [emphasis added].53 Perhaps this seemingly inherent belief that psychiatry�s practices are somehow equivalent to Divine law is what led to one of the most powerful men in the World Psychiatric Association, Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron, ignoring the sacred oaths of his profession, to send hundreds of people on what author Gordon Thomas called a �journey into madness.� �The standard electric-shock machine could... produce... amnesia...when it was applied without convulsion, it had the effect of making a man talk.� CIA Document 3 December 1951 �The frequent screams of patients that echoed through the hospital did not deter Cameron... in [his] attempts to �depattern� [his] subjects completely.� John Marks Author, The Search for the Manchurian Candidate 1951 Canada�s Psychiatrists of Terror �The Agency doctors would continue committing serious breaches of their sacred oath; would still, if need be, use treatment methods that were reckless and dangerous to life.... The [CIA�s] director [would look] beyond the borders of the United States, to Canada, to Montreal, to Dr. Ewen Cameron. The psychiatrist and his unsuspecting Canadian patients would be the Agency�s flag bearers into the unknown world of influencing memory, changing personality, and disturbing the mind.� Gordon Thomas, author, Journey Into Madness � The True Story of Secret CIA Mind Control and Medical Abuse, 1989 Canadian psychiatrist and president of the World Psychiatric Association, Ewen Cameron, carried out mind control experiments for the CIA at McGill University, using drugs, electroshock and �Deep Sleep Treatment.� The reckless and dangerous treatment mentioned above that was used by Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron at the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal was electroshock. The methods he developed were called �depatterning� and �psychic driving.� They destroyed a patient�s personality by repeated shocks up to forty times the intensity considered safe. In the 1950s, the CIA paid Cameron $69,000 to do this as part of their mind control operation code-named MK-ULTRA. �OPERATION KNOCKOUT,� as part of MK-ULTRA, had the goal of conducting �research to define mechanisms involved in the production of involuntary sleep and related unconscious states.�54 Many of Cameron�s victims were placed into a drug-induced stupor sometimes lasting as long as 90 days. A continuous audio tape played negative messages to the patient 16 hours a day for several weeks. Patients received a shock to their legs at the end of the message. This was followed by 2 to 5 weeks of �positive� messages run the same way. Politically �correct� messages, therefore, were implanted into the individual�s mind to be unwittingly acted upon in the future. �Depatterning� was more violent. The patient was awakened two or three times every day for multiple electroshock treatments using a Page-Russell ECT machine which made it possible to give five consecutive electric shocks in one treatment. Dr. Mary Morrow, a psychiatrist assisting Dr. Cameron with his multiple shocking techniques, recalls how she was told to set the timer for six jolting shocks, the settings twenty times more powerful than she had ever seen used elsewhere. �They would go from one shock into another with apnea. That means their breathing would stop. And it was the most terrifying thing I�ve ever seen in my life before or since,� she would say later.55 John Marks, author of The Search For The Manchurian Candidate, tells us: �The frequent screams of patients (usually women) that echoed through the hospital did not deter Cameron or most of his associates in their attempts to �depattern� their subjects completely. Other hospital patients report being petrified by the �sleep rooms,� where the treatment took place, and they would usually creep down the opposite side of the hall.� Mr. L. McDonald, a patient who was 23 when Cameron �depatterned him,� had this to say � twenty-five years after his treatment: �I have no memory of existing prior to 1963, and the recollections I do have of events of the following years until 1966 are fuzzy and few.... My parents were introduced to me... I did not know them. [My five] children came back from wherever they had been living. I had no idea who they were.�56 Cameron was an eminent psychiatrist, revered by his colleagues, and was president of both the American Psychiatric Association and World Psychiatric Association. He was also a supporter of the Nuremberg Code, specifically designed to outlaw experimentation and medical maltreatment. He swore an oath to uphold the Code�s tenets and to abide by the Hippocratic Oath to �do no harm.�57 His violation of these oaths and use of electroshock for medical torture, while claiming to his patients it was �therapy,� is a chilling insight into the mind of this psychiatrist. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Australian psychiatrist, Dr. Harry Bailey, used electroshock in his �Deep Sleep Treatment,� which led to at least 48 deaths. In March 1980, eight of Cameron�s former patients sued the CIA and Canadian government over the mind control experiments they had been subjected to by Cameron. On October 5, 1988, the CIA, represented by the U.S. Department of Justice, agreed to settle with the plaintiffs for $750,000 on the understanding they would never discuss the case in public again. Joseph Rauh, a lawyer for the plaintiffs, said that he hoped this case closed the door on this type of experimentation happening again. �I think the whole thesis of our case was that the program of human subject experimentation was shot through with negligent and callous disregard of the welfare of the subjects. It�s an ends-justifying-the-means mentality that I hope we have seen the last of.�58 But for thousands of people in Sydney, Australia, such callous experimentation continued for more than a decade after Cameron died in 1967. Just as Cameron convinced his patients that pain, drug and implanted messages were �treatment,� Australian psychiatrists were able to beguile their patients into believing that the drugged sleep and electroshock they were to receive was �therapy.� The Chelmsford Experience �We put them twice, three times as deep as that.... Of course, it was rougher and tougher... the girls used to go gray in a matter of weeks. But nevertheless, the depth of [drug-induced] coma was the critical thing... you must keep them down... [then] we grafted the Minecta [ECT machine] onto the deep sedation business and found we got very much better results....� 1988-90: Justice J. P. Slattery investigated and condemned �Deep Sleep Treatment� in Australia�s longest running inquiry into psychiatric abuse. Dr. Harry Bailey, 197859 The results of Deep Sleep Treatment (DST) are now common knowledge in Australia where it was practiced for 16 years before being banned as a violent and lethal practice. About 5,000 people were subjected to the drug and electroshock combination at a private psychiatric hospital called Chelmsford in Sydney, New South Wales. They suffered pneumonia, blood clots, anoxic brain damage (where oxygen stops flowing to the brain) � and some were paralyzed. A total of 48 people died.60 DST was described by its chief proponent, Dr. Harry Bailey, as a �sort of deep coma� in which the patient is �held down� with a combination of barbiturates, sedatives and other psychiatric drugs for up to three weeks. ECT was regularly administered at least two or three times a week. Frequently, however, the patient was inflicted with electroshock on a daily basis and, when the hospital psychiatrists forgot to check the patient�s medical records, twice daily. Anesthetic was never given prior to the shock. A 1990 inquiry by the New South Wales Royal Commission found that the reason anesthetics were not administered was either money-motivated (the psychiatrist wanted to take all the fees), or �the DST doctors did not want other doctors observing their treatments.�61 The latter is the more likely scenario, considering the following account of a patient�s testimonial before the Inquiry. �My parents were introduced to me... I did not know them. [My five] children came back... I had no idea who they were.� L. McDonald 23-year-old victim of electroshock depatterning, Canada 1960s �The side effects from shock treatment were muscular paralysis and fits.� Gloria Miles ECT patient at Chelmsford Hospital, Australia 1989 Victims of Australia�s �Deep Sleep Treatment� (electroshock and drugs), described as an �act of violence� by health authorities. �Mrs. G. Whitty was admitted to Chelmsford [hospital]. She did not recall being physically examined by Dr. Bailey at any time.... Mrs. Whitty was put to bed and given a tablet. She said that although she was heavily sedated for most of the time, her constant convulsing and thrashing about kept bringing her out of sedation. �The witness remembered falling out of bed at one stage and Dr. Bailey saying that she was too much of a �wriggler�.... [A] short time after that she recalled waking up in a straitjacket. �...She only learned she had been given ECT a few months before she gave evidence....�62 Bailey had first studied DST in psychiatric centers throughout the U.S., Europe, Sweden and England in the late 1950s when the method was being used as part of mind control experiments for intelligence agencies. He also studied in Montreal at the height of Donald Ewen Cameron�s �psychic driving� deep sleep experiments. According to Bailey, DST was clinically developed in Switzerland in 1920, but its roots appear to be earlier in the American Civil War where soldiers too paralyzed with fright to continue fighting were given opium to put them to sleep for a week. The doctor who invented this returned to New York after the war and established a lucrative business conducting his opium practice, while addicting a great number of people in the process.63 Bailey did the same, but with barbiturates and sedatives. Bailey boasted in one court document that he had also tampered with the brain by �cutting it off electrically� for several minutes.64 For a short period, he experimented with a technique known as �regressive ECT� or �electrical leucotomy.�65 The belief was that a frequent use of ECT would take the patient�s mind back to infancy. The mind could be reprogrammed, thus avoiding future mental disturbance. Bailey developed his own ECT machine he called the �Minecta� (miniature ECT apparatus) which he said prevented that �terrible jerk� with which �we used to break arms... leg[s] and elbows� during electroshock �in the old days.�66 The excruciating pain that would be felt from electroshock without anesthetic was not an issue to some South African psychiatrists. In the majority of the Chelmsford cases, patients did not know they had been given ECT until after they had come out of their drug-induced comas. Still others were not aware until the Royal Commission established the fact in their medical records. Cases like Ashley Adams and Noel Ashley remind us of the implanted messages of Cameron�s electroshock regime. Both Ashley and Noel were subjected to deep sleep and electroshock and both complained it ruined their memory. Both were seen by Dr. Bailey in his city office after being discharged from Chelmsford hospital. Both explained to their spouses that after this meeting with Dr. Bailey, they felt there was no future for them. Both sent their loved ones on an errand and during this period took an overdose of drugs. Within 24 hours of their meeting with Bailey, Ashley and Noel had committed suicide.67 What did Bailey say that prompted such a fatal response? What suggestions may have been made during deep sleep that, triggered by Dr. Bailey�s meeting, caused these two men to take their own life? The Commission found that electroshock, given outside of the parameters of �consent,� is �an act of violence� constituting criminal assault. In his final report, the Honorable Justice John P. Slattery found: �Some patients were treated contrary to their express wishes. Other patients were treated by stealth and deceit. The signature on some forms was obtained by fraud and deceit. Some were signed by people whose judgment was compromised by drugs. Some patients were woken up from their DST treatment to complete the authorization. Other patients were treated contrary to their express wishes and some were treated despite the fact they had specifically refused the treatment. �The doctors and the nurses who treated patients without the patient�s consent, contrary to the patient�s consent, or on the basis of consent obtained by fraud or deceit, committed a trespass to the person of each of these patients and were responsible for an assault on them.� 68 �He never told me I would be given massive doses of barbiturates, kept in a coma, death-risking state and given ECT. Had I been told I would never gone near the hospital.� L.O. Patient�s testimony before the Chelmsford Royal Commission, 1989 �I did not know this involved shock treatment or anything damaging to my health. The side effects from shock treatment were muscular paralysis and fits. Neither myself nor any member of my family signed any consent form.� Gloria Miles regarding Deep Sleep Treatment and ECT ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [EMAIL PROTECTED] � 1997 Citizens Commission on Human Rights. All Rights Reserved. For Trademark Information. ----- Aloha, He'Ping, Om, Shalom, Salaam. Em Hotep, Peace Be, Omnia Bona Bonis, All My Relations. Adieu, Adios, Aloha. Amen. Roads End Kris DECLARATION & DISCLAIMER ========== CTRL is a discussion and informational exchange list. Proselyzting propagandic screeds are not allowed. Substance�not soapboxing! These are sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory', with its many half-truths, misdirections and outright frauds is used politically by different groups with major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought. That being said, CTRL gives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. 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